EQUIPMENT FOR THE CONTINUOUS SAMPLING OF EXPIRED C-14 CARBON DIOXIDE FROM ANIMALS IN A RESPIRATION CHAMBER

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiration Chamber ◽  
Continuous Sampling

not available

Effect of confinement in a respiration chamber and changes in temperature and plane of nutrition on heat production of 25 kg pigs

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gray ◽  
K. J. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Respiration Chamber ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lower Critical Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Range Of Variation

SummaryA closed-circuit respiration chamber was used to study (a) the effect of confinement in a chamber on the heat production of pigs already accustomed to restraint in a metabolism cage; (b) changes in daily heat production of pigs following a reduction in the energy intake; and (c) the effect of increasing or decreasing the environmental temperature.An automatically recharged version of the oxygen burette used by Waring & Brown (1965) is described. During tests of the chamber and burette system the mean recoveries of carbon dioxide and oxygen were, respectively, 0·994 and 0·995.It is concluded that measurements of heat production on the first day of confinement were within the normal range of variation and provided valid estimates of energy expenditure.The minimum value for the respiratory quotient (RQ) occurred on the third day following a reduction in energy intake, and it is concluded that the direct effect of previously ingested nutrients was eliminated by the third day. However, there appeared to be a further decline in heat production until 6–7 days following the reduction in energy intake.The heat production of singly caged pigs fed almost to appetite was similar at 22 and 29 °C. Heat production increased at 15 °C, indicating that this was below the lower critical temperature of fed 25 kg pigs. The response of heat production to the low temperature continued for at least 18 days. Variations in heat production between animals and litters were as high as 15% in three experiments.

scholarly journals Genetic variance and covariance components for carbon dioxide production and postweaning traits in Angus cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kath A Donoghue ◽  
Tracie Bird-Gardiner ◽  
Robert M Herd ◽  
Roger S Hegarty ◽  
Paul F Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Respiration Chamber ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Methane Production Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
Variance And Covariance Components

Abstract This experiment investigated phenotypic and genetic relationships between carbon dioxide production, methane emission, feed intake, and postweaning traits in Angus cattle. Respiration chamber data on 1096 young bulls and heifers from 2 performance recording research herds of Angus cattle were analyzed to provide phenotypic and genetic parameters for carbon dioxide production rate (CPR; n = 425, mean 3,010 ± SD 589 g/d) and methane production rate (MPR; n = 1,096, mean 132.8 ± SD 25.2 g/d) and their relationships with dry matter intake (DMI; n = 1,096, mean 6.15 ± SD 1.33 kg/d), body weight (BW) and body composition traits. Heritability estimates were moderate to high for CPR (0.53 [SE 0.17]), MPR (0.31 [SE 0.07]), DMI (0.49 [SE 0.08]), yearling BW (0.46 [SE 0.08]), and scanned rib fat depth (0.42 [SE 0.07]). There was a strong phenotypic (0.83 [SE 0.02]) and genetic (0.75 [SE 0.10]) correlation between CPR and MPR. The correlations obtained for DMI with CPR and with MPR were high, both phenotypically (rp) and genetically (rg) (rp: 0.85 [SE 0.01] and 0.71 [SE 0.02]; rg (0.95 [SE 0.03] and 0.83 [SE 0.05], respectively). Yearling BW was strongly correlated phenotypically (rp ≥ 0.60) and genetically (rg > 0.80) with CPR, MPR, and DMI, whereas scanned rib fat was weakly correlated phenotypically (rp < 0.20) and genetically (rg ≤ 0.20) with CPR, MPR, and DMI. The strong correlation between both CPR and MPR with DMI confirms their potential use as proxies for DMI in situations where direct DMI recording is not possible such as on pasture.

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE GAS-PHASE OXIDATION OF ACETALDEHYDE BY MEANS OF A RAPID-SCANNING MASS SPECTROMETER

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Blanchard ◽  
J. B. Farmer ◽  
C. Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Gas Phase Oxidation ◽  
Rapid Scanning

A mass spectrometer equipped for continuous sampling and capable of producing 60 spectra per second has been used to follow the oxidation of acetaldehyde at temperatures in the region of 250 °C. In normal slow oxidation peracetic acid was formed and then decomposed into carbon dioxide, methanol, and water. Under flame conditions peracetic acid built up in an autocatalytic manner during the induction period and vanished suddenly at the onset of the flame. Possible reaction mechanisms are discussed. Temperature surges during cool and hot flames are estimated.

Electron Cytochemical Study of Carbon Dioxide Laser Effect on Rhesus Monkey Cornea

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
K. C. Tsou ◽  
J. Morris ◽  
P. Shawaluk ◽  
B. Stuck ◽  
E. Beatrice
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Laser Effect

While much is known regarding the effect of lasers on the retina, little study has been done on the effect of lasers on cornea, because of the limitation of the size of the material. Using a combination of electron microscope and several newly developed cytochemical methods, the effect of laser can now be studied on eye for the purpose of correlating functional and morphological damage. The present paper illustrates such study with CO2 laser on Rhesus monkey.

The Critical Point Drying Method Applied to Scanning Electron Microscopy of L-929 Cells

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
Charles TurnbiLL ◽  
Delbert E. Philpott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Scanning Electron

The advent of the scanning electron microscope (SCEM) has renewed interest in preparing specimens by avoiding the forces of surface tension. The present method of freeze drying by Boyde and Barger (1969) and Small and Marszalek (1969) does prevent surface tension but ice crystal formation and time required for pumping out the specimen to dryness has discouraged us. We believe an attractive alternative to freeze drying is the critical point method originated by Anderson (1951; for electron microscopy. He avoided surface tension effects during drying by first exchanging the specimen water with alcohol, amy L acetate and then with carbon dioxide. He then selected a specific temperature (36.5°C) and pressure (72 Atm.) at which carbon dioxide would pass from the liquid to the gaseous phase without the effect of surface tension This combination of temperature and, pressure is known as the "critical point" of the Liquid.

A global perspective of ground level, 'ambient' carbon dioxide for assessing the response of plants to atmospheric CO2

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Ziska ◽  
O. Ghannoum ◽  
J. T. Baker ◽  
J. Conroy ◽  
J. A. Bunce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Atmospheric Co2

964: Direct Visualization of Renal Hemodyanamics Affected by Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 319-319
Author(s):  
Naoto Sassa ◽  
Ryohei Hattori ◽  
Yoshinari Ono ◽  
Tokunori Yamamoto ◽  
Momokazu Gotoh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum
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