PROTEIN STORAGE OF PIGS IN THE ABSENCE OF BODY WEIGHT GAIN

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Protein Storage ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
Balance Trials ◽  
Maximum Retention

Five- to six-month-old pigs were maintained at constant weight for 6-week periods on rations containing 16, 26 and 33 per cent protein. Results of 72 7-day nitrogen balance trials showed that pigs could retain up to 6.5 grams of nitrogen per day for 6 weeks. Highest nitrogen retention was obtained on the 26 and 33 per cent protein rations with little difference between the maximum retention figures at either level. A preliminary carbon-nitrogen balance indicated that there was little change in the fat stores of the pigs.

The thin sow—observations on digestive efficiency, nitrogen balance and carcass composition

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. MacPherson ◽  
Rosa M. Campbell ◽  
R. I. Smart
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Balance Trials

SUMMARYMeasurements were made of apparent digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen and lipid, nitrogen balance, pancreatic lipase activity and carcass composition in eight non-pregnant sows during three 10-day balance trials during which the feed intake was 1·1, 0·8 and 2·6 kg/day of a diet containing 14·69% crude protein and 3·0 Meal gross energy/kg DM.All the sows had similar breeding histories and had completed their fourth lactation. Four were in standard condition (mean body weight, 160 kg) and four in thin condition (mean body weight, 134 kg). All the animals lost weight and were in negative nitrogen balance while on the two lower levels of feed intake; the thin sows lost significantly more N than the standard animals (P < 0·05) and on the lowest level of feeding digestibility of DM by the thin sows was significantly less (P < 0·001).In both groups there was a rapid recovery in nitrogen retention and in body weight when the food intake was increased.

ADMINISTRATION OF ANTERIOR PITUITARY GROWTH HORMONE TO RATS DURING COLD EXPOSURE

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1449-1453
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton ◽  
T. Orme ◽  
J. Laufer ◽  
A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Male, growing rats were injected daily with anterior pituitary growth hormone (3 mg/100 g body weight) and fed ad libitum for 7 days at environmental temperatures of 22 °C and 2–3 °C. Body weight gain, nitrogen retention, and four liver enzyme activities were measured. As observed previously, cold exposure retarded body weight gain and decreased nitrogen retention despite an increased food intake. These effects of cold were not eliminated by administration of growth hormone. The increased activities of liver arginase, alanine-glutamic transminase, and phosphate-activated glutaminase consequent upon cold exposure were not significantly affected by growth hormone although, at 22 °C, growth hormone decreased the activities of liver arginase and alanine-glutamic transaminase. Cold exposure eliminated the lowering effect of growth hormone on liver glutamic acid dehydrogenase activity observed at 22 °C. It is concluded that, under these conditions, growth hormone does not overcome the protein catabolic effects of cold exposure but rather, cold exposure eliminates the protein anabolic effects of the hormone.

ADMINISTRATION OF ANTERIOR PITUITARY GROWTH HORMONE TO RATS DURING COLD EXPOSURE

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1449-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton ◽  
T. Orme ◽  
J. Laufer ◽  
A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Pituitary Growth Hormone ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Male, growing rats were injected daily with anterior pituitary growth hormone (3 mg/100 g body weight) and fed ad libitum for 7 days at environmental temperatures of 22 °C and 2–3 °C. Body weight gain, nitrogen retention, and four liver enzyme activities were measured. As observed previously, cold exposure retarded body weight gain and decreased nitrogen retention despite an increased food intake. These effects of cold were not eliminated by administration of growth hormone. The increased activities of liver arginase, alanine-glutamic transminase, and phosphate-activated glutaminase consequent upon cold exposure were not significantly affected by growth hormone although, at 22 °C, growth hormone decreased the activities of liver arginase and alanine-glutamic transaminase. Cold exposure eliminated the lowering effect of growth hormone on liver glutamic acid dehydrogenase activity observed at 22 °C. It is concluded that, under these conditions, growth hormone does not overcome the protein catabolic effects of cold exposure but rather, cold exposure eliminates the protein anabolic effects of the hormone.

The effect of frequency of feeding on the utilization of roughage diets by sheep

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 813 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Frequent Feeding ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Range Of Values

A diet of 800 g of lucerne pellets was fed to three sheep at 24 hr intervals and compared with a diet of 100 g of lucerne pellets fed to the same three sheep at 3 hr intervals. There were no significant differences in digestibility and nitrogen balance. It was suggested that the significant (P < 0.05) difference in body weight gain may have been due to an increase in total body water. Increasing the frequency of feeding decreased the range of values observed between feeding for pH and VFA concentrations. There were no changes in the molar proportions of the VFA or in the proportion of the digested energy accounted for by the VFA. The results suggest that the sheep did not benefit substantially from frequent feeding.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Berserat Dalam Konsentrat Untuk Sapi Jantan Umur Satu Tahun

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
S.N.O. Suwandyastuti ◽  
Efka Aris Rimbawanto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fermentation Product ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Daily Body Weight

The utilization of fibrous waste in concentrate for yearling male cattleABSTRACT. A series of experiment had been conducted to improved the quality of rice straw, rice bran and cassava solid waste through biological pretreatment using several species of microbes. Based on the digestibility and the fermentation product, indicated that 30 percent of rice straw, 35 percent of rice bran and 35 percent of cassava solid waste was the optimal ratio for concentrate formulated. The present experiment was carried out by experimental method with Completely Randomized Design, on twelve yearling male cattle of Ongole grade. The treatment tested were 3 physical form of the concentrate : (1) unfermented mesh; (2) fermented mesh and (3) fermented pellet. The variables measured were : energy and protein digestibility, rumen fermentation product, nitrogen balance and daily body weight gain. The digestion and balance trial were carried out by the Total Collection Method. The analysis of covariance shown, that there were significantly effects of the treatment tested whether upon the protein and energy digestibility, the nitrogen balance (P0.01), nitrogen ammonia production and daily body weight gain (P0.05), but there was no significantly effect on the Total Volatile Fatty Acid and the proportion of the individual VFA (P0.05). Based on the all variables measured, it was indicated that fermented pellet was the best concentrate (composed by 30% of fermented rice straw, 35% of fermented rice brand and 35% of fermented cassava solid waste).

scholarly journals Relative Value for Wool Growth and Nitrogen Retention of Several Protein Administered as Abomasal Supplements to Sheep

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
WF Colebrook ◽  
PJ Reis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Egg Protein ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
Whole Egg

Supplements (supplying c. 100 g protein per day) of whole egg protein, egg albumen, maize gluten, and gelatin were given to sheep via the abomasum and the effects on wool growth rate, body weight gain, and nitrogen retention were compared with those of casein.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF GUINEA FOWL BREEDERS FED VARYING LEVELS OF CYPERUS BULB

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
K. L. Ayorinde ◽  
J. S. O. Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Egg Weight

Feeding between 0.00 and 54.55 percent of Cypenis bulbs in guinea fowl diets resulted in significantly (P<0.05) different body weight gain, feed intake, egg production and egg weight. Mean weekly body weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in birds fed rations containing between 0 and 41% of Cyperus bulb than those on ration containing 54.55% of Cyperus bulb. Males on rations containing between 0 and 41% of Cyperus bulb had significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gains than their female counterparts fed the same rations. Feed intake decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increased inclusion of Cypenis bulb. Weekly feed intake was however significantly (P <0.05) lower in male birds on rations 1 and 2 than those on 3 and 4. The percentage of cocks in semen production ranged from 69.3 to 73.2% and was not significantly affected by ration. Egg weight and egg production became significantly lower (P<0.05) lowered as maize was replaced with Cyperus bulb though production on rations 1 and 2 were statistically similar. The differences in nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention are probably responsible for the varying performances. The results indicate that except for semen production and feed intake in the male, the other parameters were adversely affected by Cyperus bulb inclusion

Evaluation of formaldehyde-treated casein for wool growth and nitrogen retention

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Reis ◽  
DA Tunks
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Basal Rate ◽  
Wool Growth

Four sheep were given three types of casein supplements (all providing c. 16 g nitrogen per day) and the effects on wool growth rate, body weight gain, and nitrogen retention were measured. The supplements were untreated casein in the diet, untreated casein per abomasum, and formaldehyde-treated casein in the diet. Untreated casein in the diet was inferior to the other casein supplements for all parameters studied. Formaldehyde-treated casein and casein per abomasum were of similar nutritional value. The average increase in wool growth rate above the basal rate was 62% for both types of supplement; nitrogen retained was about 3 g/day, of which more than half was in wool. The treated casein was 90% digestible.

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