EFFECTS OF CERTAIN SUPPLEMENTS AND METHODS OF FEEDING DURING LATE PREGNANCY ON LAMB AND WOOL PRODUCTION OF MATURE EWES

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
S. Smoliak ◽  
S. B. Slen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Wool Production

A 3-year study compared the effects on lamb and wool production of methods of feeding different supplements to ewes during the last 6 to 9 weeks of pregnancy. The four treatments were: 0.56 lb. barley and 3.5 lb. hay per head daily; 0.5 lb. linseed oilcake and 3.5 lb. hay per head daily; 3.5 lb. linseed oilcake and 24.5 lb. hay per head once weekly; 3.5 lb. hay per head daily.No significant treatment differences in birth weight of single lambs were found. However, the ewes fed linseed oilcake gave birth to heavier twin lambs than the ewes receiving no supplement (P < 0.01). There were no significant treatment differences in weaning weight of single or twin lambs, although the average weaning weights of the lambs in the supplemented groups were slightly higher than those in the control group. Of the ewes giving birth to twin lambs, those receiving linseed oilcake daily weaned more pounds of lamb than the control ewes (P < 0.05).The ewes supplemented with linseed oilcake produced more grease wool and lost less body weight than the control group (P < 0.01). There were no significant treatment differences in clean fleece weight.Weekly feeding offers some possibilities, either as a method of saving labour or as a means of supplying supplement to ewes when deep snow or cold weather prevents grazing.

scholarly journals Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis in pregnant Wistar rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Ponzio de Azevedo Galvão ◽  
Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing ◽  
Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Male Adult

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ligature-induced periodontal disease in pregnant rats on their newborn's health parameters. Twenty-four female adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the control group (G1) and the group that was submitted to dental ligatures around second upper molars (G2). After the four week period of development of periodontitis, the female animals were mated with male adult Wistar rats. There were no differences in the body weight of females between the two groups during mating and pregnancy. No differences were observed among the groups in relation to the viable newborn index. However, there were differences in newborn birth weight, explained by the diverse size of the litters. In this study, ligature-induced periodontal disease did not promote changes during pregnancy that resulted in low birth weight in newborn Wistar rats.

Catch-up Growth in Intrauterine Growth-restricted Piglets Associated with the Return of Pancreatic and Intestinal Functions via Porcine Glucagon-like peptide-2 Microspheres

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-ke Qi ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Wen-Jun Zhou ◽  
Bo Deng ◽  
Xiao-ming Men ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peptide Transporter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide

Abstract Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in abnormal morphology and gastrointestinal function. As a gastrointestinal growth factor, the manner by which the porcine glucagon-like peptide-2 (pGLP-2) microsphere administration catches up with the growth of IUGR piglets was investigated. Methods Fourteen newborn IUGR piglets were assigned into the IUGR and pGLP-2 microsphere groups. The piglets in the pGLP-2 microsphere group were intraperitoneally administered with 100 mg of pGLP-2 microspheres on day 1 of birth. Results From days 15 to 26 of trial, the body weight of the IUGR piglets treated with pGLP-2 microspheres was significantly higher than that in the control group. Importantly, the weaning weight in the pGLP-2 group catches up with the body weight of normal birth weight piglets. IUGR piglets treated with pGLP-2 microspheres significantly showed increased pancreas weight, serum insulin content, and activities of digestive enzymes (lipase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and amylase). Injection of pGLP-2 microspheres returned the intestinal absorptive capacity by significantly increasing the mRNA expression of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 in the jejunum, glucose transporter type 2 in the duodenum and jejunum, H + -coupled transporter, and peptide transporter 1 in the jejunum and ileum. It also returned the redox balance by increasing the catalase mRNA expression and decreasing the heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression. In addition, this improvement was associated with the significant increase in gut diameter, length, and weight induced by pGLP-2. Conclusions Injection of pGLP-2 microspheres was a suitable therapeutic strategy for compensatory growth in low birth weight IUGR piglet.

scholarly journals LAMB AND WOOL PRODUCTION FROM FIVE BREEDS ON RANGE

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Vesely ◽  
H. F. Peters ◽  
S. B. Slen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Ewe Lamb ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Staple Length

Rambouillet, Romnelet, Columbia, Targhee, and Suffolk sheep were evaluated under range conditions for the production of lamb and wool in the period 1960–1963. The production traits analyzed were: birth and weaning weight; face cover and neck wrinkling; fertility, prolificacy, weaned lamb production, and body weight of ewe; lamb survival to weaning; grease and clean fleece weight, staple length, wool grade, and percentage yield of clean wool by yearling and mature ewes.Lambs of Romnelet were lighter at birth than those of the other breeds. Targhee and Suffolk were the heaviest at birth. Romnelet and Columbia lambs were lighter at weaning than those of Rambouillet, Targhee, and Suffolk.Fertility, prolificacy, and weaned lamb production were essentially the same in the four range breeds. Suffolk produced more weaned lamb than the other four breeds. There were no breed differences in the survival of lambs.Columbia exceeded all other breeds in production of grease and clean fleece weight. Suffolk produced the smallest amount of wool. Staple length of Columbia ewes was 4.3, 7.5, 18.6, 23.7 mm longer than that of Romnelet, Targhee, Suffolk, and Rambouillet ewes.

Estimates of genetic parameters for pre-weaning and post-weaning growth traits of Chios lambs

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Mavrogenis ◽  
A. Louca ◽  
O. W. Robison
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACTData on 792 Chios lambs born during the 1972/73 and 1973/74 lambing seasons were used to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for birth weight, weaning weight, age at weaning, pre-weaning daily gain, body weight at 5, 10, 15 and 20 weeks of age, and postweaning daily gain. Body weight at 15 weeks of age had the highest heritability estimate (0·73 ± 0·17) and that of post-weaning daily gain was also high (0·56 ± 0·15). Selection for either weight at 15 weeks or post-weaning daily gain would be expected to yield a greater response than selection for pre-weaning daily gain or weaning weight. Genetic correlations among weights and/or gains were positive (approximately 0·20). Phenotypic correlations among weights and gains were generally higher than genetic correlations. However, the correlation between pre— and post-weaning daily gain was small (0·08). Likewise, post-weaning daily gain had low correlations with all weights before 10 weeks. Age at weaning had moderate negative associations with all weights but a very low positive correlation with post-weaning daily gain.

Effects of a severe nutritional check in early post-natal life on the subsequent growth of sheep to the age of 12–14 months

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hopkins ◽  
N. M. Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Measurements

SUMMARYThe growth of 26 castrated ram lambs was severely restricted for the first 5 weeks of post-natal life. Subsequently, these lambs (group R) were fed ad libitum on the same high quality diets as fed to a control group of 26 similar lambs (group C) from birth.At regular intervals lambs were weighed, X-rayed and surface measurements were aken. At the age of 12–14 months, covering the body-weight range of 63–83 kg, ten animals from each group were slaughtered for dissection and measurement. These data were used to compare the skeletal growth of the two groups of animals. Measurements of skeletal dimensions by dissection were compared with measurements obtained by surface and radiographic techniques. After slaughter, the brain, kidneys, liver, the left semitendinosus and gastrocnemius muscles from each lamb were used for the following analyses: dry matter, ash, fat, protein, DNA and RNA contents.At the end of the period of feed restriction, there was a mean body-weight difference between groups of 9·2 kg (63%).This represented a weight for age difference of 36 days, which was reduced to 29 days at the conclusion of the experiment, restricted animals not having fully recovered from the period of underfeeding.Clean wool production per day was significantly (P < 0·05) depressed by the restricted feeding, lambs in group C producing 11·07 g/day during the first shearing interval compared with 10·07 g/day from group R lambs. There was no difference between groups in clean wool produced during the second shearing interval.Restricted feeding caused a reduction in the rate of bone growth but, during subsequent regrowth (apart from minor exceptions), it did not disrupt the relationship of skeletal dimensions to fleece-free body weight (FFBW). Surface measurements showed that during recovery, group R animals were significantly narrower (P < 0·05) at the hips and wider (P < 0·05) at the shoulders than group C animals. The results obtained from the radiographs for length of foreleg were similar to those obtained from surface measurements. Metacarpal width (measured at two sites) and weight were significantly greater in group R than in group C animals. With the exception of width at hips and although not statistically significant (P > 0·05), the skeletal measurements of group R were slightly greater than those of group C animals. This may have been due to the slightly greater age of group R at slaughter and to an effect of restricted feeding.There was no significant difference between groups R and C in the DNA content of the tissues investigated. Neither was there any difference between the groups in cell size as indicated by the protein: DNA and tissue weight: DNA ratios. Even though hyperplasia and hypertrophy were slowed by the period of restricted feeding, this effect was transient, full recovery apparently occurring as indicated by tissue weights and composition at the time of slaughter. The RNA and the protein contents of the tissues were similar in both groups. In addition, the similarity of the RNA:DNA ratios suggests that tissues in each group possessed the same capacity to synthesize protein.In practical terms, the recovery of group R was associated with a time lag in reaching any particular body weight and a loss of wool production. Both of these consequences are of economic importance. At the time the experiment ended, no skeletal stunting was evident in these sheep and, apparently, they had recovered in terms of cellular growth.

scholarly journals PENGARUH BOBOT LAHIR DENGAN PENAMPILAN ANAK BABI SAMPAI DISAPIH

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Marfiane M. Nangoy ◽  
M. T. Lapian ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
J. E. M. Soputan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Keywords Birth Weight ◽  
Observation Results

THE EFFECT OF BIRTH WEIGHT WITH THE APPEARANCE OF THE PIGLETS UNTIL WEANING. The purpose of this research is to determine the corellation of birth weight with the appearance of the piglets until weaning. This research used the method of observation. Results or data obtained in this research, piglets from each parent is divided into 3 categories: high, medium, low. Retrieval of data held on a new born piglets, piglets aged 1 week until the time of weaning. Parameters observed in this research is the birth weight of piglets per head, body weight gain, the weight of piglets, and mortality (MRTA) piglets before weaned (%). Data were analyzed and presented descriptively, which is describing and explaining the general picture of direct observation. Based on the results of this research we concluded that litter size piglets, determines how high the birth weight, weaning weight, body weight gain, and mortality. The greater the birth weight more likely to obtain a high weaning weight as in this research the highest birth weight is 1.64 kg after weaning reached 7.54 kg. Keywords: Birth Weight, Piglets, Weaning

scholarly journals Selection to improve birth and weaning weight of Javanese Fat Tailed Sheep

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-660
Author(s):  
R. Rachmann Noor ◽  
A. Djajaneegara ◽  
L. Schüler
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
Local Farmers

Abstract. In Indonesia, the Javanese Fat Tailed Sheep is a very popular domestic animal for its meat production However selection to increase body weight has never been done by local farmers. As a result the variability of body weight is high, and expected that application of a selection program can improve this trait Two Steps of selection were done in order to improve birth and body weight. In the first selection, the elite group was established by selecting the best 40 females and 3 males from 12500 sheep reared by local farmers based on their mature body weight and tail length. The control group was established by randomly selecting 40 females and 4 males In the second step of selection, the best 50 % females and 5 % males of the progeny of the elite group was selected based on their weaning weight and tail size. The first selection results indicate that there was a positive genetic progress in both birth and weaning weight. Selection had increased 7.17 % and 5.48 % of male and female birth weight respectively and 9.48 % and 9.78 % of male and female weaning weight, respectively. Positive genetic progresses of birth and body weight were also found after the second selection. Birth weights of males and females were 6.75 % and 7.20 % higher than those in the control group. Male and female weaning weights were 5.60 % and 8.19 % higher than those in the control group, however, selection for weaning weight did not affect reproductive traits.

scholarly journals PENGARUH STIMULASI PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN PADA BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Nur Octaviani Katili
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Infant Massage

THE EFFECT OF INFANT MASSAGE STIMULATION TOWARDS THE WEIGHT GAIN ON INFANTS WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN YOGYAKARTADwi Nur Octaviani Katili1, Djaswadi Dasuki2, Retno Mawarti3Universitas Muhammadiyah GorontaloEmail: [email protected]: Infants with low birth weight (LBW) require more nutrients inputs in order to optimize their growth and development. The increase of infants weight is used as the best indicator to determine the growth of infants with LBW. The massage on infant with LBW is a form of stimulus/kinesthetic tactile stimulation as a verbal communication to the infants. It can increase endurance, the activity of the digestive function, and the activity of the vagus nerve.Objective: To determine the benefits of infant massage stimulation as an effective non-medical way in gaining body weight on infants with low birth weight (LBW).Methods: The design of the study is Randomized Controlled Trial. The sampling technique is concecutive sample with the total samples are 15 respondents for each group (treatment and control). The data were analyzed with bivariate analysis stage by using independent t-test with a significance level of p value &lt;0.05 as well as multivariate analysisby using linear regression.Results: The t-test results showed that there is average difference in the gaining of body weight on infants with the low birth weight in the treatment and the control group as big as 53.67 grams with a p value &lt;0.001, 95% CI = -79.02 - (- 28.38).Conclusions: The weight gain on infants with low birth weight who do massage stimulation for 14 days is greater than infants who are not massaged.

scholarly journals The Effect of Caffeine Treatment during Organogenesis Period on the Birth Weight of the Rat Fetuses (Rattus norvegicus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hery Wijayanto ◽  
Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih ◽  
Erdiansyah Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Caffeine Treatment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fetal Birth Weight

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of caffeine treatment during organogenesis period to the fetal birth weight, using rat (Rattus norvegicus) as the animal model. Thirty-six primipararat obtained from Unit Pengembangan Hewan Percobaan, Gadjah Mada University (UPHP-GMU), 3 month old, 165-200 g body weight, were divided into 6 groups, consisted of 6 rats each. Six of the ratshave been selected based on the estrous cycles, and only rat with regular estrous were use for theexperiment. The rat then were mated, and during day 6-14 of the pregnancies were treated orally withcaffeine diluted in aquadest in dosage: placebo (1 cc aquadest) for group I (control), and 5.4, 10.8, 16.2,21.6, and 27 g/200 g body weight/day for treatment groups II-VI respectively. The pregnant rat bodyweights were determined at day 6 of pregnancies for calculating the caffeine treatment dosages. At day 20thof the pregnancies all of the pregnant rats were caesarotomized, and all of the fetuses were removed and weighed. The results showed that all of the treatment groups have significantly lower birth weightcompare to the groups control group. More over, fetal obtained from the treatment groups also showedserious subcutaneous hemorrhagic.Keywords: organogenesis, Rattus norvegicus, birth weight

scholarly journals Effects of feeding rice gruel based milk replacer on growth, carcass characteristics and rumen development of goat kids

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
MB Sarker ◽  
A Khatun ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
M Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Rumen Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Supplementation of concentrate feed during late pregnancy of doe is an approach to improve milk yield and kid performance after kidding. The experiment was conducted to find out appropriate level and duration of supplementation to the pregnant doe. The data of the experiment were analyzed applying Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial arrangements with three replications. First factor used in the experiment was the duration of concentrate feeding (15 days, 30 days, 45 days and 60 days) and second was amount of concentrate supplemented (2.00%, 1.75%, 1.50% and 1.25% of their body weight). Birth weight, weaning weight, milk yield and kid mortality in different groups were recorded. Birth weight and weaning weight were found higher in 60 days supplemented group i.e. 2.3±0.23 kg and 10.94±0.41 kg, respectively. Both birth weight and weaning weight were also found higher with 2 percent concentrate feeding group than others i.e. 2.1±0.23 kg and 9.64±0.42 kg, respectively. Milk yield recorded for fourth week shows that higher milk yields were found in 2 percent concentrate supplemented group with 60 days time period. The result showed that by increasing the level of concentrate during late gestation period of does increased the birth weight, weaning weight of kids and increased milk yield of does. So the higher level of concentrate supplementation is required during 45 to 60 days of late gestation in does. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (1): 57-66

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