Short Communication: Analysis of intramuscular fat and fatty acids of different duck breeds and their association with SNPs of duck A-FABP gene

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun He ◽  
Lizhi Lu ◽  
Yong Tian ◽  
Zhengrong Tao ◽  
Deqian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Communication Analysis ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Fabp Gene ◽  
The Imf

He, J., Lu, L., Tian, Y., Tao, Z., Wang, D., Li, J., Li, G., Shen, J., Fu, Y. and Niu, D. 2011. Short Communication: Analysis of intramuscular fat and fatty acids of different duck breeds and their association with SNPs of duck A-FABP gene. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 593–596. Intramuscular fat (IMF) is related to organoleptic characteristics of meat. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is one of the intracellular lipid-binding proteins involved in the transportation of fatty acids. The IMF contents of six duck breeds were measured, and the complete sequence and part of the 5' flanking region of duck A-FABP gene were obtained in this study. The IMF contents of different breeds were significantly different (P<0.05). Two SNPs were detected in the exon 3, one (HQ640428: g.2018A>G) was significantly associated with the contents of three fatty acids, total IMF and pectoral muscle weight. This work provides useful data for duck breeding.

scholarly journals Up-regulation of the expression of the gene for liver fatty acid-binding protein by long-chain fatty acids

1996 ◽  
Vol 319 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire MEUNIER-DURMORT ◽  
Hélène POIRIER ◽  
Isabelle NIOT ◽  
Claude FOREST ◽  
Philippe BESNARD
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Fabp Gene ◽  
Long Chain

The role of fatty acids in the expression of the gene for liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) was investigated in the well-differentiated FAO rat hepatoma cell line. Cells were maintained in serum-free medium containing 40 µM BSA/320 µM oleate. Western blot analysis showed that oleate triggered an approx. 4-fold increase in the cytosolic L-FABP level in 16 h. Oleate specifically stimulated L-FABP mRNA in time-dependent and dose-dependent manners with a maximum 7-fold increase at 16 h in FAO cells. Preincubation of FAO cells with cycloheximide prevented the oleate-mediated induction of L-FABP mRNA, showing that protein synthesis was required for the action of fatty acids. Run-on transcription assays demonstrated that the control of L-FABP gene expression by oleate was, at least in part, transcriptional. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid were similarly potent whereas octanoic acid was inefficient. This regulation was also found in normal hepatocytes. Therefore long-chain fatty acids are strong inducers of L-FABP gene expression. FAO cells constitute a useful tool for studying the underlying mechanism of fatty acid action.

The intestine as source of cytotoxic mediators in shock: free fatty acids and degradation of lipid-binding proteins

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (4) ◽  
pp. H1779-H1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander H. Penn ◽  
Geert W. Schmid-Schönbein
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding

Shock and multiple organ failure remain primary causes of late-stage morbidity and mortality in victims of trauma. During shock, the intestine is subject to extensive cell death and is the source of inflammatory factors that cause multiorgan failure. We ( 34 ) showed previously that ischemic, but not nonischemic, small intestines and pancreatic protease digested homogenates of normal small intestine can generate cytotoxic factors capable of killing naive cells within minutes. Using chloroform/methanol separation of rat small intestine homogenates into lipid fractions and aqueous and sedimented protein fractions and measuring cell death caused by those fractions, we found that the cytotoxic factors are lipid in nature. Recombining the lipid fraction with protein fractions prevented cell death, except when homogenates were protease digested. Using a fluorescent substrate, we found high levels of lipase activity in intestinal homogenates and cytotoxic levels of free fatty acids. Addition of albumin, a lipid binding protein, prevented cell death, unless the albumin was previously digested with protease. Homogenization of intestinal wall in the presence of the lipase inhibitor orlistat prevented cell death after protease digestion. In vivo, orlistat plus the protease inhibitor aprotinin, administered to the intestinal lumen, significantly improved survival time compared with saline in a splanchnic arterial occlusion model of shock. These results indicate that major cytotoxic mediators derived from an intestine under in vitro conditions are free fatty acids. Breakdown of free fatty acid binding proteins by proteases causes release of free fatty acids to act as powerful cytotoxic mediators.

scholarly journals Ligand Entry into Fatty Acid Binding Protein via Local Unfolding instead of Gap Widening

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Xiao ◽  
Y Lu ◽  
J Fan ◽  
D Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Relaxation Dispersion ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Protein Cavity ◽  
Local Unfolding

AbstractFatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) play an important role in transportation of fatty acids. Despite intensive studies, how fatty acids enter the protein cavity for binding is still controversial. Here, a gap-closed variant of human intestinal FABP was generated by mutagenesis, in which the gap is locked by a disulfide bridge. According to its structure determined here by NMR, this variant has no obvious openings as the ligand entrance and the gap cannot be widened by internal dynamics. Nevertheless, it still uptakes fatty acids and other ligands. NMR relaxation dispersion, chemical exchange saturation transfer and hydrogen-deuterium exchange experiments show that the variant exists in a major native state, two minor native-like state, and two locally unfolded states in aqueous solution. Local unfolding of either βB–βD or helix 2 can generate an opening large enough for ligands to enter the protein cavity, but only the fast local unfolding of helix 2 is relevant to the ligand entry process.Statement of SignificanceFatty acid binding proteins transport fatty acids to specific organelles in the cell. To enable the transport, fatty acids must enter and leave the protein cavity. In spite of many studies, how fatty acids enter the protein cavity remains controversial. Using mutagenesis and biophysical techniques, we have resolved the disagreement and further showed that local unfolding of the second helix can generate a transient opening to allow ligands to enter the protein cavity. Since lipid binding proteins are highly conserved in 3D structures and ligand binding, all of them may use the same local unfolding mechanism for ligand uptake and release.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of peroxisome-proliferator-responsive element motifs in genes of fatty acid-binding proteins

2004 ◽  
Vol 382 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian SCHACHTRUP ◽  
Tanja EMMLER ◽  
Bertram BLECK ◽  
Anton SANDQVIST ◽  
Friedrich SPENER
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Computer Search ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Responsive Element

Retinoic acids and long-chain fatty acids are lipophilic agonists of nuclear receptors such as RXRs (retinoic X receptors) and PPARs (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors) respectively. These agonists are also ligands of intracellular lipid-binding proteins, which include FABPs (fatty acid-binding proteins). We reported previously that L (liver-type)-FABP targets fatty acids to the nucleus of hepatocytes and affects PPARα activation, which binds together with an RXR subtype to a PPRE (peroxisome-proliferator-responsive element). In the present study, we first determined the optimal combination of murine PPAR/RXR subtypes for binding to known murine FABP-PPREs and to those found by computer search and then tested their in vitro functionality. We show that all PPARs bind to L-FABP-PPRE, PPARα, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 to A (adipocyte-type)-FABP-PPRE. All PPAR/RXR heterodimers transactivate L-FABP-PPRE, best are combinations of PPARα with RXRα or RXRγ. In contrast, PPARα heterodimers do not transactivate A-FABP-PPRE, best combinations are of PPARγ1 with RXRα and RXRγ, and of PPARγ2 with all RXR subtypes. We found that the predicted E (epidermal-type)- and H (heart-type)-FABP-PPREs are not activated by any PPAR/RXR combination without or with the PPAR pan-agonist bezafibrate. In the same way, C2C12 myoblasts transfected with promoter fragments of E-FABP and H-FABP genes containing putative PPREs are also not activated through stimulation of PPARs with bezafibrate applied to the cells. These results demonstrate that only PPREs of L- and A-FABP promoters are functional, and that binding of PPAR/RXR heterodimers to a PPRE in vitro does not necessarily predict transactivation.

Fatty acid regulation of fatty acid-binding protein expression in the small intestine

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (2) ◽  
pp. G289-G295 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Poirier ◽  
I. Niot ◽  
P. Degrace ◽  
M. C. Monnot ◽  
A. Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Fabp Gene ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The effects of dietary oil intake and fatty acid infusions on the expression of intestinal and liver fatty acid-binding proteins (I-FABP and L-FABP, respectively) were investigated in the small intestine of mice. A daily force-feeding for 7 days with 0.2 ml sunflower oil specifically increased L-FABP mRNA and protein levels in duodenum and proximal jejunum. This upregulation was mediated in time- and dose-dependent manners by a minute quantity of linoleic acid, the main fatty acid found in sunflower oil. The L-FABP induction was only found with long-chain fatty acids, with the nonmetabolizable, substituted fatty acid alpha-bromopalmitate being far more active. A hormonally mediated effect is unlikely because long-chain fatty acids induced L-FABP mRNA in the Caco-2 cell line cultured in serum-free medium. Therefore, long-chain fatty acids are strong inducers of L-FABP gene expression in the small intestine. In contrast to data found in the rat, I-FABP gene expression appears to be unaffected by a lipid-enriched diet in the mouse.

scholarly journals Erhebungen zum Hämpigmentgehalt, zu Reflexionswerten sowie zum Fettsäurenmuster des intramuskulären Fettes vom <i>Musculus longissimus dorsi</i> (M.l.d.) Thüringer Rinder in Abhängigkeit von Mastform und Rassetyp

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-127
Author(s):  
W. Reichardt ◽  
H. Warzecha ◽  
E. Gernand ◽  
H. Hartung ◽  
B. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Dorsal Vertebra ◽  
The Imf

Abstract. Title of the paper: Investigations into the haem pigment content, reflection results as well as into the fatty acid pattern of the intramuscular fat of the Musculus longissimus dorsi (M.l.d.) Thuringian cattle, dependent on fattening system and genotype Haem pigment content, the reflection in visible range and the fatty acid pattern of intramuscular fat (imf) from minced musculus longissimus dorsi (m.l.d.) at the 8th / 9th dorsal vertebra of the right half of the carcass were determined in 35 cattle groups with bulls, steers and heifers, representing 19 different genotypes. The cattle were fattened indoors and/or outdoors at eight farms in Thuringia. The mean values of the haem pigment content varied between the animal groups from 6.3 to 13.1 mg/g fresh meat. A clearly lower variation was found in the maxima of reflectance at 415, 545 and 580 nm. The fatty acid composition of the imf was determined mainly by the fattening system. Fattening on pasture favoured high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as a ratio of n6- to n3-fatty acids of < 10. The imf-content was positive correlated to the proportion of C18:1 and monounsaturated fatty acids (R = 0.4** / 0.5**) as well as negative to the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (R = −0.7**).

Sequence characterization, tissue-specific expression and polymorphism of the porcine intestinal-type fatty acid binding protein gene

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-567
Author(s):  
Y. Z. Jiang ◽  
X. W. Li
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content ◽  
Fabp Gene

The intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (IFABP) shows binding specificity for long-chain fatty acids and is proposed to be involved in the uptake of dietary fatty acids and their intracellular transport. In this study, the full-length cDNA of porcine I-FABP gene was obtained by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The nucleotide sequence and the predicted protein sequence share high sequence identity with its mammalian counterparts. Northern hybridization and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that porcine I-FABP is expressed in all 12 tissues studied (heart, brain, kidney, skeletal muscle, testis, liver, skin, small intestine, fat, stomach, lymph and pituitary), but a transcript of approximate 620 bp is more abundant in small intestine than in other tissues. The full-length genomic DNA of the porcine I-FABP gene was amplified by PCR. The coding region of the pig IFABP gene is organized in four exons and spans an approximate 3.5-kb genomic region. Comparative sequencing of four pig breeds revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within exon 1 of which an A→G substitution at codon 21 changes a codon for lysine into a codon for arginine. The distribution of allele and genotype frequencies differed significantly between indigenous Chinese Zang, Dahe and Yanan breeds (higher frequencies of A and AA) and Western Large White breed (higher frequencies of G and GG, P < 0.01). The association analysis using five pig populations suggested that A21G polymorphism was associated with intramuscular fat content, indicating that the I-FABP gene A21G SNP can be a potential molecular marker for intramuscular fat content. Key words: Association analysis, cloning, gene expression, I-FABP gene, polymorphism, porcine

scholarly journals Crystal structure of zinc-α2-glycoprotein in complex with a fatty acid reveals multiple different modes of protein-lipid binding

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (19) ◽  
pp. 2815-2834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy M. Lau ◽  
Henna Zahid ◽  
Jayesh Gor ◽  
Stephen J. Perkins ◽  
Alun R. Coker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Carboxylate Groups

Abstract Human zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is a 42 kDa adipokine which regulates body fat mass and is associated with cachexia and obesity. ZAG belongs to the major histocompatibility complex class I protein family and binds long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in its groove formed from the α1 and α2 domains. To identify the molecular basis of its lipid-binding function, we determined the first crystal structure at 2.49 Å resolution for fatty acid-bound ZAG, where the ligand was the fluorescent 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid (DAUDA). The 192 kDa crystallographic asymmetric unit contained six ZAG and eight fatty acid molecules in unique conformations. Six fatty acid molecules were localised to the ZAG grooves, where their tails were bound in two distinct conformations. The carboxylate groups of three fatty acids projected out of the groove, while the fourth was hydrogen bonded with R73 inside the groove. Other ligand-residue contacts were primarily hydrophobic. A new fatty acid site was revealed for two further DAUDA molecules at the ZAG α3 domains. Following conformational changes from unbound ZAG, the α3 domains formed tetrameric β-barrel structures lined by fatty acid molecules that doubled the binding capacity of ZAG. Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that ZAG in solution was a monomer in the absence of DAUDA, but formed small amounts of tetramers with DAUDA. By showing that ZAG binds fatty acids in different locations, we demonstrate an augmented mechanism for fatty acid binding in ZAG that is distinct from other known fatty acid binding proteins, and may be relevant to cachexia.

scholarly journals Developmental changes in fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) mRNA expression and intramuscular fat (IMF) content in Oula sheep

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
X. Lang ◽  
C. Wang ◽  
P. J. Wu ◽  
D. P. Casper
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Dorsal Muscle ◽  
Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Imf Content ◽  
Fabp Gene ◽  
Femoris Muscle ◽  
The Imf

Abstract Increasing meat consumption by Chinese people has created a focus for improving meat quality for increasing quality of life. Twenty-five Male Oula sheep were selected at 2, 21, 56, 84, and 112 d to investigate the developmental changes associated with age on the intramuscular fat (IMF) content of heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) mRNA expression in muscle. Longissimus dorsal muscle and biceps femoris muscle were sampled to measure IMF concentrations and total mRNA was extracted to measure H-FABP mRNA expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Growing male Oula sheep demonstrated that the IMF concentrations continuously increased with age and significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) were detected among the age groups; 2. The IMF concentrations among tissues were different; 3. The development changes in H-FABP mRNA expression in longissimus dorsal muscle and biceps femoris muscle were similar with a decrease from 2 to 21 d, followed by continuously increasing concentrations being significant different (P &lt; 0.05) among age groups; 4. The H-FABP mRNA expression in the longissimus dorsal muscle tissue was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher compared to the biceps femoris muscle; 5. The muscle H-FABP mRNA expression concentration was positively correlated with IMF concentrations from d 21 to 112; 6. The correlation coefficients were significantly (P &lt; 0.01)different between H-FABP gene mRNA expression in the longissimus dorsal muscle and IMF concentration of 0.815 compared to the biceps femoris muscle and IMF concentration of 0.787,which indicated that the H-FABP gene may be affecting the IMF concentrations in the early developmental stages of Oula sheep. These results support the hypothesis that H-FABP gene and its expression in muscle tissue is related to the IMF concentration of meat.

Technology and Formation Improvement of Consumer Properties of Cold Appetizers from a Silver Carp in the Roll Form

Food Industry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Olesya Sergeevna ◽  
Adelya Bekesheva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Roll Forming ◽  
Fish Gelatin ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Food Value

At the present development stage of fish culinary production special significance has range expanding and technology improving for the following purposes: the available fish resources use; the organoleptic characteristics improvement and the nutritional value and competitiveness increase of products manufactured at the enterprises of the food industry. This study concerns the technology and the consumer properties formation improvement of cold appetizers from silver carp in the form of a roll. Unlike traditional the developed products consist of fillet of a bighead silver carp on a skin and an original stuff from egg, vegetables and mushrooms. The researchers conducted study using conventional and special methods. They recommended to introduce gelatin in a dry powdered at the stage of roll forming form in a recipe of the developed fish rolls. A man tested fish gelatin as anew consistency regulator of the developed products. The traditional and fish gelatin use allows to increase the yield of fish cold appetizers in the form of a roll by 8.0 %. When adding gelatin, there was an improvement in consistency and sensory perception of the product as a whole. The analysis results of biological value showed that the developed dishes, being an important additional source of protein and essential amino acids such as threonine, lysine, valine, may well improve the ration balance. The fatty acids ratio in fish rolls prepared according to new recipes is close to the ideal fat in the ratio of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (35:45:20) and is determined mainly by the composition of fatty acids in silver carp fat. The developed production will allow to expand the range of the food industry enterprises by cold fish appetizers of high quality and food value from available fish raw materials.

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