The effect of Ala293Val single nucleotide polymorphism in the stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene on conjugated linoleic acid concentration in milk fat of dairy cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Clark ◽  
J.M. Thomson ◽  
S.S. Moore ◽  
M. Oba
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Desaturation Index ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the Ala293Val single nucleotide polymorphism in stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) on the concentration of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk fat of dairy cows, and to identify a phenotypic indicator of cows with a greater genetic capability to produce CLA that is not affected by dietary lipid content. In Study 1, 12 cows, four of each Ala293Val SCD genotype, were fed either a control or an oil-supplemented diet in a cross-over design to examine effects of diet, genotype and their interaction. The CLA concentration in milk fat was greater for cows fed the oil-supplemented (4.4%) vs. the control diet (0.6%), but was not affected by the Ala293Val SCD genotype. In Study 2, the Ala293Val SCD genotype of 215 dairy cows at a commercial dairy did not affect milk yield, composition, or CLA concentration in milk fat. However, in both studies, C14:1 desaturation index was greater for the AA genotype compared with the others. The Ala293Val SCD genotype may not affect CLA production although the SCD Ala293 allele is associated with a higher C14:1 desaturation index possibly because effects of the SCD genotype vary depending on fatty acid chain length or origin.

scholarly journals Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Subcutaneous and Omental Adipose Tissue Reveals Increased Lipid Turnover in Dairy Cows Supplemented with Conjugated Linoleic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3227
Author(s):  
Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam ◽  
Harald M. Hammon ◽  
Arnulf Tröscher ◽  
Laura Vogel ◽  
Martina Gnott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Lipid Turnover

Phosphoproteomics is a cutting-edge technique that can be utilized to explore adipose tissue (AT) metabolism by quantifying the repertoire of phospho-peptides (PP) in AT. Dairy cows were supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, n = 5) or a control diet (CON, n = 5) from 63 d prepartum to 63 d postpartum; cows were slaughtered at 63 d postpartum and AT was collected. We performed a quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis of subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) AT using nanoUPLC-MS/MS and examined the effects of CLA supplementation on the change in the phosphoproteome. A total of 5919 PP were detected in AT, and the abundance of 854 (14.4%) were differential between CON and CLA AT (p ≤ 0.05 and fold change ± 1.5). The abundance of 470 PP (7.9%) differed between OM and SC AT, and the interaction treatment vs. AT depot was significant for 205 PP (3.5% of total PP). The integrated phosphoproteome demonstrated the up- and downregulation of PP from proteins related to lipolysis and lipogenesis, and phosphorylation events in multiple pathways, including the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, mTOR signaling, insulin signaling, AMPK signaling, and glycolysis. The differential regulation of phosphosite on a serine residue (S777) of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in AT of CLA-supplemented cows was related to lipogenesis and with more phosphorylation sites compared to acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (ACSS2). Increased protein phosphorylation was seen in acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA;8 PP), FASN (9 PP), hormone sensitive lipase (LIPE;6 PP), perilipin (PLIN;3 PP), and diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLA;1 PP) in CLA vs. CON AT. The relative gene expression in the SC and OM AT revealed an increase in LIPE and FASN in CLA compared to CON AT. In addition, the expression of DAGLA, which is a lipid metabolism enzyme related to the endocannabinoid system, was 1.6-fold higher in CLA vs. CON AT, and the expression of the cannabinoid receptor CNR1 was reduced in CLA vs. CON AT. Immunoblots of SC and OM AT showed an increased abundance of FASN and a lower abundance of CB1 in CLA vs. CON. This study presents a complete map of the SC and the OM AT phosphoproteome in dairy cows following CLA supplementation and discloses many unknown phosphorylation sites, suggestive of increased lipid turnover in AT, for further functional investigation.

scholarly journals Influence of Dietary Fish Oil on Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Other Fatty Acids in Milk Fat from Lactating Dairy Cows

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2620-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Donovan ◽  
D.J. Schingoethe ◽  
R.J. Baer ◽  
J. Ryali ◽  
A.R. Hippen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Fish

Lactation response of cows to different levels of ruminally inert conjugated linoleic acids under commercial conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Gervais ◽  
Richard Spratt ◽  
Martin Léonard ◽  
P. Yvan Chouinard
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Lactating Cows

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements have been shown to reduce milk fat synthesis in dairy cows. A rumen-inert source of CLA is required for commercial feed applications. The conversion of dietary lipids to a calcium salt is considered as a method to counter the extensive hydrogenation of dietary lipids that occurs in the rumen. Our objective was to determine whether feeding calcium salts of CLA under commercial conditions would affect milk production, milk composition and blood metabolic profile. A total of 240 dairy cows from eight farms were blocked according to the calving date, and randomly assigned to four treatments providing CLA at 0, 8, 16 and 32 g d-1. Milk production was recorded and milk was sampled on day 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42 of the feeding period. Blood samples were taken on day 42 from early-lactating cows (< 157 d in milk) to determine the metabolic profile. Milk fat yield was decreased 11, 20 and 28%, and milk fat concentration was reduced 13, 22 and 28% (linear; P < 0.001) when cows received 8, 16 and 32 g d-1 of CLA, respectively. Milk yield, milk protein and blood metabolic parameters were not affected by experimental treatments. Calcium salts of CLA can be used as an effective tool to manage milk fat content on commercial dairy farms. Key words: Conjugated linoleic acid, milk fat, ruminally inert fat

scholarly journals Milk fat responses to butterfat infusion during conjugated linoleic acid-induced milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 2387-2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vyas ◽  
U. Moallem ◽  
B.B. Teter ◽  
A.R.K. Fardin-Kia ◽  
R.A. Erdman
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Fat Depression ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Effect of abomasal infusions of geometric isomers of 10,12 conjugated linoleic acid on milk fat synthesis in dairy cows

Lipids ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asgeir Sæbø ◽  
Per-Christian Sæbø ◽  
J. Mikko Griinari ◽  
Kevin J. Shingfield
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Geometric Isomers ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) effects on pups growth, milk composition and lipogenic enzymes in lactating rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Aparecida Hayashi ◽  
Sérgio Raposo de Medeiros ◽  
Marina Hojaij Carvalho ◽  
Dante Pazzanese Duarte Lanna
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Biological Properties

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has a range of biological properties, including effects on lipid metabolism, milk and body composition in animals. This study investigated the effects of dietary CLA on lactating rats and development of the suckling pups. Dams were fed either a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 25 g/kg of a fat supplement containing 540 g CLA/kg (final concentration of 13·5 g CLA/kg diet) from parturition to the 15th day post-partum. The CLA mixture used in this study contained the following isomers (per 100 g): cis-9, trans-11 (24 g); cis-10, trans-12 (35 g); cis-8, trans-10 (15 g); cis-11, trans-13 (17 g) and others (9 g). On d 15 post partum, CLA supplementation reduced milk fat content by 33% and pup growth by 21%. The milk fatty acid profile, with decreased content of short and medium chain acids, suggests CLA inhibition was more pronounced for de novo lipid synthesis. Consistent with these results, activities of fatty acid synthase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase were reduced by CLA treatment in the mammary gland and liver. In contrast, the activity of NADP-malate dehydrogenase was unchanged.

scholarly journals Trans-10, Trans-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Does Not Affect Milk Fat Yield but Reduces Δ9-Desaturase Index in Dairy Cows

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 2559-2566 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Perfield ◽  
P. Delmonte ◽  
A.L. Lock ◽  
M.P. Yurawecz ◽  
D.E. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Δ9 Desaturase ◽  
Fat Yield
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