scholarly journals Temperature gradients in trailers and changes in broiler rectal and core body temperature during winter transportation in Saskatchewan

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
T D Knezacek ◽  
A A Olkowski ◽  
P J Kettlewell ◽  
M A Mitchell ◽  
H L Classen
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Recording ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Transportation Times ◽  
Core Body

Temperature conditions inside commercial trailers transporting market-age broilers during four winter journeys were measured, and changes in the rectal and core body temperature of birds were quantified. Pre-selected modules were equipped with data loggers recording temperature every 72 s. Rectal temperatures were taken from eight birds in each of four modules immediately before and after each trip, and two or three birds, with temperature recording implants, were placed in each of two selected modules. Temperature heterogeneity was found among modules on all loads with average crate temperatures ranging from 10.9 to 30.7, 8.9 to 28.1, 2.5 to 26.1 and -0.7 to 16.5°C for transportation times of 191, 193, 178 and 18 min and ambient temperatures of -7.1, -27.1, -28.2 and -18.4°C, respectively. Wet birds, condensation and frost provided evidence for moisture accumulation during transportation. Body temperature recordings indicated the potential for the development of both hypothermia and hyperthermia, showing that cold stress can occur near air inlets and heat stress in poorly ventilated areas. Passive ventilation inside trailers resulted in crate temperatures 17.7 to 55.2°C above outside temperature. Mortality ranged from 0.7 to 1.4% but several deaths occurred during lairage, prior to processing. A heterogeneous distribution of airflow resulted in undesirable temperate and humidity conditions for some birds. Key words: Broiler, transportation, temperature gradient, mortality, cold weather

scholarly journals Core Body Temperature and Sleep of Older Female Insomniacs Before and After Passive Body Heating

SLEEP ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. Dorsey ◽  
Martin H. Teicher ◽  
Mairav Cohen-Zion ◽  
Louis Stefanovic ◽  
Andrew Satlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Core Body

scholarly journals Cooling Interventions Among Agricultural Workers: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 216507992097652
Author(s):  
Roxana Chicas ◽  
Nezahualcoyotl Xiuhtecutli ◽  
Lisa Elon ◽  
Madeleine K. Scammell ◽  
Kyle Steenland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Core Body

Background Adverse health effects among agricultural workers due to chronic heat exposure have been characterized in the literature as not only due to high ambient temperatures but also due to intensive manual labor in hot and humid conditions. The aim of this study was to use biomonitoring equipment to examine the effectiveness of selected cooling devices at preventing agricultural workers from exceeding the core body temperature threshold of 38.0°C (Tc38) and attenuating heat-related illness symptoms. Methods A convenience sample of 84 agricultural workers in Florida was randomized to one of four groups: (a) no intervention, clothing as usual; (b) cooling bandana; (c) cooling vest; and (d) both the cooling bandana and cooling vest. Biomonitoring equipment worn by the participants included core body temperature monitor and an accelerometer to capture physical activity. Findings A total of 78 agricultural workers completed one intervention workday trial. Compared with the control group, the bandana group had lower odds of exceeding Tc38 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.7, 90% confidence interval [CI] = [0.2, 3.2]) and the vest group had higher odds of exceeding Tc38 (OR = 1.8, 90% CI = [0.4, 7.9]). The simultaneous use of cooling vest and bandana showed an effect little different from the control group (OR = 1.3, 90% CI = [0.3, 5.6]). Conclusion/Application to Practice This is the first field-based study to examine cooling intervention among agricultural workers in the United States using biomonitoring equipment. This study found that using a bandana while working in a hot agricultural environment has the potential to be protective against exceeding the recommended Tc38 threshold.

scholarly journals Combined stimuli of cold, hypoxia, and dehydration status on body temperature in rats: a pilot study with practical implications for humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Uno ◽  
Tatsuya Hasegawa ◽  
Masahiro Horiuchi
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Loss Index ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Heat Loss Index

Abstract Objective As human thermoregulatory responses to maintain core body temperature (Tcore) under multiple stressors such as cold, hypoxia, and dehydration (e.g., exposure to high-altitude) are varied, the combined effects of cold, hypoxia, and dehydration status on Tcore in rats were investigated. The following environmental conditions were constructed: (1) thermoneutral (24 °C) or cold (10 °C), (2) normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (12% O2), and (3) euhydration or dehydration (48 h water deprivation), resulted in eight environmental conditions [2 ambient temperatures (Ta) × 2 oxygen levels × 2 hydration statuses)]. Each condition lasted for 24 h. Results Normoxic conditions irrespective of hypoxia or dehydration did not strongly decrease the area under the curve (AUC) in Tcore during the 24 period, whereas, hypoxic conditions caused greater decreases in the AUC in Tcore, which was accentuated with cold and dehydration (Ta × O2 × hydration, P = 0.040 by three-way ANOVA). In contrast, multiple stressors (Ta × O2 × hydration or Ta × O2 or O2 × hydration or Ta × hydration) did not affect locomotor activity counts (all P > 0.05), but a significant simple main effect for O2 and Ta was observed (P < 0.001). Heat loss index was not affected by all environmental conditions (all P > 0.05). In conclusion, decreases in Tcore were most affected by multiple environmental stressors such as cold, hypoxia, and dehydration.

Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine and pimozide on temperature maintenance by the chicken

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. R296-R302
Author(s):  
D. L. Rowe-Murphy ◽  
A. van Tienhoven ◽  
N. R. Scott ◽  
P. E. Hillman ◽  
C. L. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Noradrenergic System ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Lower Maximum ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Core Body

Intraventricular implants of pimozide in adult white leghorn hens were used to block dopamine (DA) receptors, and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected intraventricularly to destroy the noradrenergic system locally. The hens were exposed to ambient temperatures of 5 and 35 degrees C, and their core temperature was measured. One hundred micrograms of 6-OHDA significantly reduced the norepinephrine (NE) but not the DA content of the hypothalamus and reduced the uptake of [3H]NE but not of [3H]DA by synaptosomes in vitro. Neither of the drug treatments nor their combination affected average core body temperature (Tb) at either 5 or 35 degrees C. Pimozide treatment caused a lower maximum Tb at 35 degrees C and a higher maximum Tb at 5 degrees C than the control treatment. No evidence was obtained that 6-OHDA treatment affected body temperature regulation. It is concluded that neither the DA nor the NE system is essential for normal temperature maintenance in the hen exposed to either 5 or 35 degrees C.

scholarly journals The effect of simulated cold weather transport on core body temperature and behavior of broilers

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 2415-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Strawford ◽  
J.M. Watts ◽  
T.G. Crowe ◽  
H.L. Classen ◽  
P.J. Shand
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Core Body

scholarly journals Relationship between Rectal Temperature and Vaginal Temperature in Grazing Bos taurus Heifers

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Lees ◽  
Jim Lea ◽  
Hannah Salvin ◽  
Linda Cafe ◽  
Ian Colditz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Core Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vaginal Temperature

This study evaluated the relationship between rectal temperature (TREC, °C) and vaginal temperature (TVAG, °C) in grazing Bos taurus heifers, to develop an understanding of the reliability of these measures as estimates of core body temperature. Nineteen Angus heifers (BW = 232.2 ± 6.91 kg) were implanted with intra-rectal and intra-vaginal data loggers. Rectal temperature and TVAG were simultaneously recorded at 20 s intervals over 18.5 h. Heifers were housed as a singular cohort on grazing pastures for the duration of the study. A strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.72, p < 0.0001) between the measurement sites was identified. The mean difference between TREC and TVAG was small, in which TVAG was on average 0.22 ± 0.01 °C lower than TREC. Individual twenty second TREC and TVAG data were used to determine the pooled mean TREC and TVAG and then to highlight the within measure variation over time. The coefficient of variation was, on average, lower (p < 0.001) for TVAG (0.38%) than TREC (0.44%), indicating that TVAG exhibited less variation. Overall, the results from the current study suggest that a strong relationship exists between TREC and TVAG, and that TVAG may be a more reliable estimate of core body temperature than TREC in grazing Bos taurus heifers.

Core body temperature changes after sauna exposition in healthy subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Pawlak ◽  
Paweł Zalewski ◽  
Jacek J. Klawe ◽  
Monika Zawadka ◽  
Anna Bitner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Core Body
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