Spontaneous sister chromatid exchange in mitotic chromosomes of the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kuchta-Gładysz ◽  
Ewa Wójcik ◽  
Olga Szeleszczuk ◽  
Piotr Niedbała ◽  
Kaja Tyblewska
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Kuchta-Gładysz, M., Wójcik, E., Szeleszczuk, O., Niedbała, P. and Tyblewska, K. 2015. Spontaneous sister chromatid exchange in mitotic chromosomes of the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 543–550. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test is a cytogenetic tool with applications as a short-term screen. It is used to assess the influence of physical and chemical factors with potential mutagenic and genotoxic properties on the animal organism. The test results make it possible to eliminate mutagens, as well as helping to predict possible genetic consequences in animal cells and assess animal resistance. The mitotic chromosomes were obtained from an in vitro culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes with added bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), at five different concentrations: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 µg mL−1. The chromosomes were stained according to the FPG method. Our analyses revealed the spontaneous SCE level in the chinchilla at the concentration of 0.5 µg mL−1. Higher concentrations of this substance have a genotoxic effect and cause damage to the DNA structure of the chromosomes by inducing additional SCEs in the chromosomes of this species. The mean SCE/cell incidence in the chinchilla population was 4.34±1.28. We investigated the effects of age on the incidence of SCE and found it significantly affected this phenomenon in both sexes.

scholarly journals Sister chromatid exchange in selected horse breeds (<i>Equus caballus</i>)

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wójcik ◽  
E. Smalec ◽  
A. Danielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sce Test

Abstract. In studies of chromosome instability, the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test is a particularly sensitive cytogenetic assay for detecting DNA damage. SCE tests of chromosome instability were performed in the group of 6 horse breeds (Pure-bred Arabian, Malapolski horse, Polish noble half-bred, Polish cold-blooded, Hucul and Polish Konik). The chromosome preparations were obtained from our in vitro culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes stained using the FPG technique. The mean number of SCEs/cell in the analysed population of horses was 5.14±1.44. The mean frequency of SCEs in the 6 analysed horse breeds varied depending on the breed. Statistically significant differences were observed between the horse breeds (P<0.01). No statistically significant differences in the number of SCEs per cell were found between the males and females (5.10±1.34 and 5.20±1.52, respectively). The horses were also assessed for the number of SCEs/cell in relation to the age of the animals. The differences between the age groups were statistically significant (P<0.01).

Assessment of the genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos insecticide by cytokinesis-block micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange assays

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110361
Author(s):  
Hayal Cobanoglu ◽  
Akin Cayir
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Dna Damages ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Index Level

Tetrachlorvinphos is an organophosphate that is classified as a carcinogen in humans by several authorities. Due to very limited data regarding the genotoxic potential, we aimed to comprehensively investigate in vitro genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos. We performed our study by applying the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. We evaluated micronucleus (MN) and SCE frequencies and cytokinesis-block proliferation index in both exposed and non-exposed lymphocytes. We also calculated the chromosomal instability level in response to exposure by combining the results of MN and SCE. We found that MN frequency did not increase with exposure to tetrachlorvinphos (0–50 µg/ml). In contrast, we observed that SCE frequencies significantly increased with exposure to ≥5 µg/ml tetrachlorvinphos. Furthermore, exposure to tetrachlorvinphos at concentrations of 50 µg/ml induced a significant increase in chromosomal instability level ( p < 0.05). Cytokinesis-block proliferation index level did not significantly decrease in response to tetrachlorvinphos exposure. Our findings reveal that tetrachlorvinphos resulted in different DNA damages that were measured by two assays. Furthermore, our findings suggested that exposure to tetrachlorvinphos increased chromosomal instability that is a hallmark of many malignancies. We conclude that although tetrachlorvinphos does not significantly increase the MN level, the significant increase of both SCE and CIN frequencies indicates the genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos in human peripheral lymphocytes. Additionally, tetrachlorvinphos is not cytotoxic in the range of tested concentrations.

Persistence of sister chromatid exchange by 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine in Chinese hamster ovary cells cultivated in vitro

Mutagenesis ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Perticone ◽  
Marco Linguardo ◽  
Renata Cozzi ◽  
Rosa Maria Corbo ◽  
Stefania Polani
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Ovary Cells

scholarly journals Genotoxic and Antigenotoxic Activities of Thai Bee Pollen and Its Extracts in Human Lymphocytes by in Vitro Sister Chromatid Exchange Assay

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Treetip Ratanavalachai ◽  
Sumon Thitiorul ◽  
Chalerm Jansom ◽  
Wantha Jenkhetkan ◽  
Arunporn Itharat
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Pollen Extract ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Bee pollen has been used as a food supplement and as a traditional medicine for thousands of years. Our study demonstrated that by in vitro sister chromatid exchange assay, Mimosa pudica crude bee pollen extract (0.005-5.0 μg/mL CE) from Chiangmai, Northern Thailand, increased genotoxicity in human lymphocytes at concentrations of 0.005 and 0.5 μg/mL by 20% and 24% respectively, compared to the RPMI control. Its defatted extract (DE) at 0.005-5.0 μg/mL increased the activities by 24–32% whereas the lipid extract (LE) at 0.00125 μg/mL but not at 0.0125–1.25 μg/mL increased the activities by 25%. Only CE at 5.0 μg/mL induced cytotoxicity. Pretreatments of CE, DE, and LE at 0.5, 5, and 0.00125 μg/mL induced antigenotoxicities against doxorubicin, a potent genotoxic chemotherapeutic agent by 24%, 28%, and 16%, respectively. Their protective mechanisms are feasibly involved with α-tocopherol and phenolic contents such as gallic acid and ferulic acid.

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