scholarly journals An examination of fertility, hatchability, embryo mortality, and chick weight in double versus single-yolked broiler breeder eggs

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Fasenko ◽  
F. E. Robinson ◽  
B. L. Danforth ◽  
I. Zelter
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Egg Fertility ◽  
Embryonic Death

The objective of this study was to document the fertility and embryonic mortality problems that result in the poor hatchability of double yolk (DY) versus (single yolk) SY broiler breeder eggs. Both SY (n = 64) and DY (n = 141) eggs were collected from a commercial Hubbard Hi-Y flock and the eggs incubated for 21 d. All eggs were candled and weighed at 7, 14 and 18 d, and any non-viable eggs were removed and broken open to assess fertility, and if fertile, stage of embryonic death. Any unhatched eggs remaining after 21 d of incubation were broken open so that fertility, hatchability and embryo mortality could be calculated. Because there is the potential for two chicks to hatch from a DY egg, fertility, hatchability, and embryo mortality were calculated on a per yolk basis rather than an egg basis. Fertility, hatchability, and hatchability of fertile eggs were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in DY compared to SY eggs. Early- (≤7 d of incubation), mid (8–14 d of incubation), and late (≥15 d of incubation) embryonic mortality was significantly higher in DY vs. SY eggs. Chick body weights were significantly greater in solitary chicks hatching from DY eggs versus chicks hatching from SY eggs. Key words: Double yolk, embryo mortality, broiler breeders, chick weight, hatchability, fertility

scholarly journals Modelling the egg components and laying patterns of broiler breeder hens

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara T. Ferreira ◽  
Nilva K. Sakomura ◽  
Juliano César de Paula Dorigam ◽  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Robert M. Gous
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Breeder Hens ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Broiler Breeder Hens

There is scant information about the reproductive process in broiler breeders, with which to develop a feeding strategy that will be economically optimal for these birds. This study aimed to model the egg production of a flock of broiler breeder hens, using non-isometric equations. The number of eggs produced by 60 broiler breeder hens aged 24–60 weeks was monitored, as was the weight of these eggs and the weights of the components, yolk, albumen and shell. Oviposition sequences and the number and length of pauses between sequences were analysed. Non-isometric functions were applied to predict the weight of the egg; yolk weight was predicted from the age of the hen, while albumen and shell weights were predicted from yolk weight; and egg weight was obtained by summing the component weights. The incidence of soft-shelled and double-yolk eggs was also determined. Yolk weight (YW, g) can be described as YW = 18.03 × (1 – e–0.015 × (t – 103.4)) × e(0.001 × t), where t is the age of the bird (days). The weights of albumen (AW) and shell (SW) were based on YW predictions as follows: AW = 14.38 × YW0.375 and SW = 0.358 × (YW + AW)0.687. The rate of double-yolk egg (DY) production is described by DY = 2.28 × e(0.209 × TFE), and the rate of soft-shelled egg (SS) production by SS = 1.126 + 0.148/(1 – 0.024 × TFE) – 0.056 × TFE, as a function of time from first egg (TFE). On the basis of the results obtained, the model developed here is an accurate reflection of the changes that occur in the number of eggs produced by broiler breeders, as well as in the egg itself and in its components over the entire laying period. This model can thus be used in predicting the nutrient requirements of individual broiler breeder hens, which, when combined with simulated data from a large number of individuals, will accurately describe the laying performance of a flock of broiler breeders.

scholarly journals Productive performance of broiler breeder hens fed 25-hydroxycholecalciferol

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1286-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibele Araujo Torres ◽  
Sergio Luiz Vieira ◽  
Renata Nuernberg Reis ◽  
André Klein Ferreira ◽  
Pedro Xavier da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
Breeder Hens ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Broiler Breeder Hens ◽  
Egg Shells ◽  
25 Hydroxycholecalciferol

An experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating the addition of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH) D3) in diets of broiler breeder hens. The experiment used Cobb 500 broiler breeder hens and was allotted to a complete randomized design with four treatments and eight replications of twenty females and two males each. The treatments consisted of vitamin premixes with 2,000 and 3,400 IU/kg diet vitamin D3 as the only source of vitamin or 2,000 IU D3 plus 35 or 69 mg/t of 25(OH) D3. Results of this experiment indicated that 25(OH) D3 had no significant effect on egg production parameters from 32 to 67 weeks. The supplementation of 25(OH) D3 resulted in better quality egg shells evaluated by the specific gravity at 60 weeks of age, regardless of the dosage. No significant differences were observed for hatchability of broiler breeder fertile eggs at 54 and 64 weeks. At 64 weeks, the hatch residue breakout showed less embryo mortality at the third week for treatments receiving 2,000 UI D3 in the diet and less embryo mortality at the second week of development from hens aged 67 weeks and supplemented with 2,000IU D3 and 2,000IU D3+ 69 mg 25(OH)D3. It was concluded that the supplementation with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol with cholecalciferol had similar effects as the diets with vitamin D3 as the only source on the productive performance of broiler breeder hens.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kadar Progesteron pada Fase Awal Luteal dengan Kematian Embrio pada Sapi Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Budianto Panjaitan ◽  
Citra Chyntia Helwana ◽  
Nellita Meutia ◽  
Yusmadi Yusmadi ◽  
Tongku Nizwan Siregar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Double Injection ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Embryonic Death

ABSTRAK.  Progesteron merupakan hormon yang berperan penting dalam proses pemeliharaan kebuntingan dan dihasilkan oleh corpus luteum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kadar hormon progesteron pada fase awal luteal dengan kematian embrio pada sapi Aceh. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan empat ekor sapi betina dewasa berumur 3-5 tahun, bobot badan 150-250 kg, sehat secara klinis, dan memiliki reproduksi normal. Sapi disinkronisasi menggunakan 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) dengan pola penyuntikan ganda berinterval 11 hari. Koleksi sampel darah untuk pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan pada hari ke-5, 6, dan 7 pasca inseminasi. Pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan menggunakan metode enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), pemeriksaan kebuntingan dan kematian embrio menggunakan metode transrektal ultrasonografi pada hari ke-25 pasca inseminasi. Pemeriksaan diulang setiap 10 hari sampai hari ke-55 pasca inseminasi. Puncak sekresi progesteron pada sapi bunting dengan embrio yang bertahan hidup terdapat pada hari ke-7 (2,082 ng/ml), pada sapi Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) di hari ke-5 (8,209 ng/ml) dan pada sapi tidak bunting di hari ke-7 (3,051±1,157 ng/ml). Sekresi progesteron sapi LEM pada hari ke-5 sampai dengan ke-7 cenderung menurun sedangkan pada sapi yang bertahan hidup cenderung meningkat.  (Correlation between progesterone levels in early luteal phase and embryonic death  in Aceh cattle) ABSTRACT. Progesterone is an important hormone that functions to maintain pregnancy and is produced by the corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to see a correlation between progesterone and the incidence of embryonic death in Aceh cattle. This study used four adult female cows, 3-5 years old, 150-250 kg body weight, clinically healthy, and have a normal reproduction. The synchronized with 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa hormone, and double injection pattern with 11-day intervals. The blood was collected for progesterone measurements on 5th, 6th, 7th day post artificial insemination. Measurement of progesterone concentration was carried out using an enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), while pregnancy and embryo mortality was performed using the trans-rectal ultrasonography method on the 25th day after insemination. The examination was repeated every 10 days until day 55th after insemination. Progesterone secretion peaks in pregnant cows were on day 7th (2.082 ng/ml), in cattle Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) on day 5th (8.209 ng/ml) and in cattle not pregnant on day 7th (3.051±1.157 ng/ml). The pattern of LEM progesterone secretion on days 5th to 7th tends to decrease while those that survive tend to increase.

Cybersex: nuove forme di dipendenza sessuale

2009 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Valentina Cosmi ◽  
Luca Pierleoni ◽  
Chiara Simonelli ◽  
Adele Fabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Sexual Addiction ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Classification ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Individual

- Sexual and internet addiction represent a rapidly growing phenomenon in the industrialized countries. The union between these clinical diseases has contributed to create new addiction forms, as cybersex addiction and cyber-relational addiction. Despite the poor diagnostic classification on this matter, the scientific debate is high pitched and thought-provoking. The different causes of these phenomenon and their heterogeneity suggest the adoption of different intervention strategies for clinical treatment of subjects with these kind of diseases, to take into account the individual needs and peculiarity.Key words: sexual addiction, internet, cybersex, compulsion, sexual dysfunctions, diagnostic criteria.Parole chiave: dipendenza sessuale, internet, sesso virtuale, compulsione, disfunzioni sessuali, criteri diagnostici.

scholarly journals Disinfection of Fertile Eggs of Free-Range Poultry with Essential Oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedson Carlos Lima Nogueira ◽  
Agda Caroline Silva Pena ◽  
Cintya Neves de Souza ◽  
Isabela Lorena Azevedo ◽  
Daniel Emygdio Fariafilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Egg Fertility ◽  
Embryonic Death

SUMMARY The effect of the disinfection of fertile eggs of free-range poultry with essential oils from Cymbopogon flexuosus and Lippia rotundifolia was evaluated. The treatments applied to the eggs were (v v-1): 1% essential oil from C. flexuosus (CF), 1% essential oil from L. rotundifolia(LR), 0.1% CF + LR, and 0.1% quaternary ammonia (QA) (positive control). The eggs were incubated for 21 days, the birds from hatched eggs were counted and weighed, and not hatched eggs were opened and examined macroscopically to determine egg fertility, and embryonic death time. The antimicrobial action of the essential oils was determined through quantitative analyses, considering aerobic mesophylls, filamentous fungi, yeasts, and total coliforms. Mortality was high in the treatments, especially in the treatment with essential oil from C. flexuosus. The highest hatchability was found in the treatment with QA. The treatments with singly or combined essential oils were more efficient in decreasing microbial count than QA. The essential oils from C. flexuosus and L. rotundifolia reduced the microbial load of fertile eggs of the free-range poultry evaluated.

scholarly journals Optimization of Dietary Zinc Requirement for Broiler Breeder Hens of Chinese Yellow-Feathered Chicken

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
K. F. M. Abouelezz ◽  
Z. Gou ◽  
X. Lin ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Breeder Hens ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Broiler Breeder Hens

This study aimed to establish the optimal dietary zinc requirement of Chinese yellow-feathered Lingnan broiler breeders. A total of 576 breeder hens aged 58 weeks were randomly assigned to six treatments, each with 6 replicates of 16 birds (n = 96/treatment). The hens were fed either a basal diet (22.81 mg/kg Zn) or the same basal diet supplemented with additional 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 mg Zn/kg up to 65 weeks of age. Compared to the results of birds fed the basal diet (22.81 mg Zn/kg), the dietary supplementation with additional Zn (mg/kg) showed higher egg laying rate (at 48–120 mg), EM (at 96 mg/kg), yolk Zn content (at 24–120 mg/kg), fertility (at 48–120 mg/kg), hatchability (at 48–96 mg/kg), tibial breaking strength (at 24–48 mg/kg), tibial ash content (at 48 mg/kg), serum CuZnSOD activity (at 72 mg/kg) and T-AOC (at 48 mg/kg), and ovarian CuZnSOD and GSH-Px activities (at 96–120 mg/kg), and lower FCR (at 96 mg/kg). The regression model showed that the optimal supplemental Zn for maximal egg laying rate, yolk Zn content, fertility, and hatchability of Chinese yellow-feathered broiler breeders aged 58 to 65 weeks were 71.09, 92.34, 94.44 and 98.65 mg/kg diet, respectively.

scholarly journals The Effects of Broiler Breeder Dietary Vitamin E and Egg Storage Time on the Quality of Eggs and Newly Hatched Chicks

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Xuemei Ding ◽  
Shiping Bai ◽  
Jianping Wang ◽  
Qiufeng Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Egg Storage ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Egg Yolks

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of broiler breeder dietary vitamin E and egg storage time on the egg characteristics, hatchability, and antioxidant status of the egg yolks and newly hatched chicks. A total of 512 71-week-old Ross 308 breeder hens were fed the same basic diets containing 6 or 100 mg/kg vitamin E for 12 weeks. During this time, a total of 1532, 1464, and 1316 eggs were independently collected at weeks 8, 10, and 12, respectively, and subsequently stored for 0 or 14 d before hatching. The outcomes from three trials showed that prolonged egg storage time (14 vs. 0 d) negatively affected (p < 0.05) the egg characteristics, hatchability traits, and the yolk total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (p < 0.05). Chicks derived from the stored eggs exhibited higher malonaldehyde (MDA) and T-AOC in the serum and yolk sac (p < 0.05). Broiler breeder dietary vitamin E (100 vs. 6 mg/kg) increased (p < 0.05) the hatchability and the antioxidant status of the yolks as indicated by a higher α-tocopherol content and T-AOC and lower MDA level (p < 0.05). The supplementation of vitamin E also remarkably increased (p < 0.05) the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity (yolk sac, weeks 8 and 12) and T-AOC (serum, weeks 8, 10, and 12; yolk sac, weeks 8 and 12) and decreased (p < 0.05) the MDA content of chicks (yolk sac, week 10; serum, week 12). Interactions (p < 0.05) were found between the broiler breeder dietary vitamin E and egg storage time on the hatchability and antioxidant status of chick tissues. Broiler breeder dietary vitamin E (100 vs. 6 mg/kg) increased (p < 0.05) the hatchability and the T-AOC in the serum and liver of chicks, and decreased (p < 0.05) the early embryonic mortality and the MDA content in the yolk sacs of chicks derived from eggs stored for 14 d but not for 0 d. In conclusion, prolonged egg storage time (14 vs. 0 d) increased the embryonic mortality, decreased the hatchability, and impaired the antioxidant status of egg yolks and newly hatched chicks, while the addition of broiler breeder dietary vitamin E (100 vs. 6 mg/kg) could partly relieve these adverse impacts induced by long-term egg storage.

scholarly journals Effect of Broiler Breeders’ Age on Eggshell Temperature, Embryo Viability and Hatchability Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Nowaczewski ◽  
Mateusz Babuszkiewicz ◽  
Sebastian Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Temperature Controlled

AbstractThe aim of the study was to analyze eggshell temperature, embryo viability, and hatchability parameters of broiler breeders at different ages (26-30, 31-35, 36-40, 41-45, and 46-64 weeks). A total of 33,150 eggs from Ross 308 broiler breeders collected from commercial flocks were used to analyze the following: egg weight and egg weight loss during 18 days of incubation; eggshell temperature controlled on days 3, 14, and 18 of incubation; number of infertile eggs including eggs with dead embryos at early stages of development, that is, in the oviduct or after oviposition; the total percentage of embryonic mortality and the percentage of embryonic mortality at different times of incubation; unhatched, dead after hatching, and culled chicks as well as hatchability percentage from fertilized eggs. The hatchability results of Ross 308 broiler breeders were high from the beginning of reproductive season till the 40th week. However, the study failed to reveal any relationships between hatchability and the egg weight, average temperature of the shell, and egg weight loss during incubation period. The oldest hens, over 45 weeks of age, had the highest mortality of chicks and the greatest share of unhatched chicks.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document