Improved beef tenderness using a modified on-line carcass suspension method with, or without low voltage electrical stimulation

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Aalhus ◽  
I. L. Larsen ◽  
P. L. Dubeski ◽  
L. E. Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Beef Tenderness ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
On Line ◽  
Almost All

Carcasses from 59 market-ready steers of an estimated Canada 1 yield grade were used to compare the effects on carcass grade and meat quality of modified, on-line, altered suspension (MOLAS), with or without the application of low voltage electrical stimulation (LVES). Due to conformational changes at the grade site, MOLAS negatively affected both yield and quality grades. However, MOLAS did significantly (P < 0.05) reduce shear force in the longissimus thoracis (LT) and longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles (decreases of 0.65 and 2.11 kg, respectively). In the LT, MOLAS and LVES had similar, non-additive effects; a similar proportion of carcass-es (86%) were classified as tender (shears <5.6 kg) compared to controls (CON; 60%). In the LL, MOLAS was more effective than LVES, and combined MOLAS and LVES had the greatest effect. Only 23.3% of CON carcasses were categorized as tender compared to 53.3% for MOLAS, 27.6% for LVES and 89.7% for combined LVES and MOLAS. Consumers were able to discern these differences, rating MOLAS steaks more highly than CON steaks for almost all hedonic and descriptive traits. Despite significant improvements to tenderness the MOLAS procedure had a negative influence on carcass grade due to conformational changes. The present grading system would need to be modified to accurately assess MOLAS carcasses. Key words: Altered suspension, beef tenderness, low voltage electrical stimulation

The effects of marbling level, electrical stimulation, and postmortem aging on the cooking and palatability properties of beef rib-eye steaks

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
L. E. Jeremiah ◽  
A. K. W. Tong ◽  
W. M. Robertson ◽  
S. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Beef Tenderness ◽  
Trained Panel ◽  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
Conventional Oven ◽  
Beef Carcass

A total of 458 beef rib-eye steaks (longis-simus thoracis) from 229 carcass left sides were used to evaluate the effects of degree of marbling, electrical stimulation, and postmortem aging on the cooking and palatability properties of beef. One steak from each side was randomly allocated to 4 or 11 d of postmortem aging. Steaks were roasted to an internal temperature of 70 °C in a conventional oven preheated to 177 °C, and six cubes of lean from each steak were randomly assigned to a trained panel for palatability evaluation. Degree of marbling had no effect on initial or overall tenderness, flavour intensity, or desirability, but steaks with slight or greater marbling levels were juicier (P < 0.05) than those with traces of marbling. The percentage of unacceptable ratings for steaks, based on overall palatability, declined from 38.5% for traces of marbling to 23.7% for modest marbling levels. Low-voltage electrical stimulation had no effect (P < 0.05) on any of the palatability traits. Postmortem aging significantly (P < 0.05) increased the tenderness and overall palatability of rib-eye steaks while decreasing the frequency of unacceptable ratings of steaks from 38.8% in 4-d-old steaks compared with 24.0% in 11-d-old steaks. The results of this study confirmed the importance of postmortem aging to beef tenderness and palatability and the importance of marbling level to juiciness, but indicated that low-voltage stimulation was ineffective in improving beef palatability. Key words: Beef, carcass, palatability, marbling, electrical stimulation, aging

EFFECTS OF LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL STIMULATION AND CHILLING METHODS ON QUALITY TRAITS OF PORK M. LONGISSIMUS LUMBORUM

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEN HONG ZHANG ◽  
ZENG QI PENG ◽  
GUANG HONG ZHOU ◽  
XING LIAN XU ◽  
JU QING WU
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum

scholarly journals Sources of variation in mechanical shear force measures of tenderness in beef from tropically adapted genotypes, effects of data editing and their implications for genetic parameter estimation

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Johnston ◽  
A. Reverter ◽  
D. L. Robinson ◽  
D. M. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Meat Tenderness ◽  
Beef Tenderness ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Stimulation Method

Warner-Bratzler shear force measures of tenderness were taken on 2 muscles from 2661 carcasses from 3 tropically adapted breeds: Belmont Red, Brahman and Santa Gertrudis. The data were used to determine suitable methods of editing the raw data and to partition sources of variation for meat tenderness measured in 2 different muscles. The effect of different methods of electrical stimulation was examined: non-stimulated, extra low voltage or high voltage. The results showed stimulation method had a large effect on the mean and variance of the shear force. Non-stimulated slaughter groups were more variable than high voltage treated groups, which were more variable than low voltage treated groups. The effect of stimulation method was greater for shear force measured in M. longissimus dorsi than in M. semitendinosus. The variability in tenderness associated with different methods of electrical stimulation and the larger effect seen for the M. longissimus muscle suggest cold shortening, a processing effect, may have occurred in some of the slaughter groups. Several methods of editing outlier records were used and the effects of removing these records on the partitioning of variances among the independent variables of tenderness were examined. Removal of non-stimulated slaughter groups and other outliers resulted in a large reduction in slaughter group variance and residual variance, with the estimate of heritability for shear force of the M. longissimus increasing from 19 to 39%. Beef tenderness, as measured mechanically, could be improved by selection. However, the fluctuating heritability estimates reflect differences in handling pre- and post-slaughter and thus highlight difficulties in measuring tenderness consistently. The low genetic correlation between the 2 muscles (r g = 0.34) suggests improving overall tenderness of the carcass may be difficult. The large variance of the slaughter date effect within an abattoir (15% of the total variance) presents a problem in achieving consistently tender meat.

Digestibility of nutrients and milk productivity of cows when using the concentrate mixture with the inclusion of rapeseed presscake

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
L. Yarmots ◽  
G. Yarmots ◽  
A. Belenkaya
Keyword(s):  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Experimental Group

For ruminants, especially high-yielding animals in addition to the complete supply of animals with protein, its digestibility in the rumen is important. With low protein digestibility in the rumen, the released ammonia will be more effectively used by the rumen microflora, and the undigestible protein in the subsequent sections of the digestive tract can serve as a source of amino acids for the body. The use of concentrate mixtures with the inclusion of local, affordable and cheaper grain feeds, in particular a high-energy and protein ingredient- rapeseed presscake makes it possible to increase the milk productivity of cows throughout lactation. These presscakes are well balanced in their amino acid composition and belong to feeds whose protein has a low degree of digestibility in the rumen. The purpose of the researches was to study the digestibility of nutrients and milk productivity of cows when using the concentrate mixture with the inclusion of rapeseed presscake. In the scientific and economic experiment has been carried out on lactating cows, where the cows of the experimental group in the concentrate mixture of peas has been replaced with rapeseed presscake the digestibility of nutrients in the ration, energy metabolism and milk productivity have been studied. Studies have shown that almost all the nutrients were significantly better digested by the animals of the experimental group. Energy in milk was more allocated by cows of the experimental group by 6,29 MJ. From cows of the experimental group for 100 and 305 days of lactation has been obtained more milk by 6,27 and 7,06 %, respectively, than from control herdmates. The biochemical parameters of blood were within the limits of the physiological norm in animals of both groups. Thus, the replacement of peas with rapeseed presscake in the concentrate mixture did not have a negative influence on the metabolic processes and helped to increase the milk productivity of cows.

Time-Resolved Plasmonics used to On-Line Monitor Metal/Elastomer Deposition for Low-Voltage Dielectric Elastomer Transducers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1700073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tino Töpper ◽  
Samuel Lörcher ◽  
Hans Deyhle ◽  
Bekim Osmani ◽  
Vanessa Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Dielectric Elastomer ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
On Line

scholarly journals Effects of childhood-onset SLE on academic achievements and employment in adult life

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.191004
Author(s):  
Noortje Groot ◽  
Anne Kardolus ◽  
Marc Bijl ◽  
Radboud Dolhain ◽  
Onno Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Study Visit ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Almost All

Objective Long-term outcome data in adults with childhood-onset SLE are limited. Here, we report the effects of cSLE on education, vocation and employment in a large cohort of adults with cSLE. Methods Patients were seen for a single study visit containing a structured history and physical examination. Medical records were retrieved to supplement information obtained during the study visit. Education and employment status were assessed by questionnaires. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured with the SF36. Results 106 cSLE patients (93% female, 73% white), with a median disease duration of 20 years, completed the visit and questionnaires. Almost all patients stated that cSLE had influenced their education, but level of completed education was similar to the general Dutch population. Half of the patients had adjusted their vocational choice due to the disease. Still, 44% of patients who had finished education did not have a paid job. Of the employed patients, 61% worked part-time. Disease damage was equally prevalent in patients with and without paid employment. A high percentage of patients (51%) were declared work disabled, which was related to damage. Patients who did not have paid employment were often work disabled. Both had a negative influence on HRQOL. Conclusion The effect of cSLE on academic achievements and employment is substantial, despite adjusting educational and vocational choices to the disease. Ongoing support, not only to help patients find suitable education and vocation, but also to offer guidance regarding potential adjustments during their career, is necessary to optimise participation in the community.

scholarly journals Reproductive traits and floral visitors of Aechmea distichantha plants growing in different habitats of a South American xerophytic forest

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Freire ◽  
Ignacio M. Barberis ◽  
José L. Vesprini
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
South American ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Carpenter Bee ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Aechmea distichantha, a widely-distributed facultative epiphytic bromeliad species, is present from rainforests to xerophytic forests. At its southernmost distribution (Humid Chaco) it grows in the understory and forest edges. This animal-pollinated bromeliad shows high phenotypic plasticity on its vegetative traits, but there is no information about plasticity on its reproductive traits. Infructescences from shade plants were heavier, had longer rachis, more spikelets, higher number of fruits/spikelet and higher number of seeds/fruit than those from sun plants, but they presented similar number of open flowers. The number of visitation events was similar in both habitats, but more flowers were visited in the sun than in the shade. Flowers were visited by seven species (six insects and one hummingbird). In the sun, the carpenter bee was the most frequent visitor and visited almost all flowers, whereas in the shade different species of visitors attained similar proportion of visits and number of visited flowers. Despite visitation events were similar in both habitats, plants growing in the shade set more seeds/fruit than plants growing in the sun. The higher proportion of visits accomplished by carpenter bees compared to hummingbirds is probably a consequence of the climatic conditions in the austral location of these populations.

Variation in the response to manipulation of post-mortem glycolysis in beef muscles by low-voltage electrical stimulation and conditioning temperature

Meat Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Hollung ◽  
Eva Veiseth ◽  
Terje Frøystein ◽  
Laila Aass ◽  
Øyvind Langsrud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Conditioning Temperature ◽  
Beef Muscles
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