Effect of lactitol, lactic acid bacteria, or their combinations (synbiotic) on intestinal proteolysis in vitro, and on feed efficiency in weaned pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Piva ◽  
G. Casadei ◽  
P. P. Gatta ◽  
J. B. Luchansky ◽  
G. Biagi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Weaning Piglets

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the intestinal microflora response to lactitol (LCT) as a non-digestible oligosaccharide (NDO) and/or to two swine lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates (Lactobacillus brevis and L. salivarius), and to select the most effective treatment to modulate intestinal fermentation in a subsequent growth study with weaning piglets. During a 24-h in vitro cecal fermentation, LCT alone or in combination with either bacteria isolate stimulated gas production rate (P < 0.05), while LAB isolates alone did not (P > 0.05). Both combinations of isolates with LCT reduced ammonia levels after 24 h by 26 and 31%, respectively (P < 0.05), while LCT alone was effective in keeping ammonia lower than the control only in the first 8 h (P < 0.05). All treatments increased (P < 0.05) the production of total volatile fatty acids. The most effective combination (LCT + L. salivarius) in vitro was selected to be used in a 49-d feeding experiment with weaned piglets (32 animals per group, eight piglets per cage, four cages per treatment). Feed efficiency was improved (13%) by LCT + L. salivarius (P < 0.05), while average daily gain and feed consumption were not affected (P > 0.05). These data substantiated the positive synergistic effect of the combination of an NDO with a LAB isolate as compared with the use of individual components in modulating the cecal microflora under in vitro conditions. This study showed that such combination may positively influence feed efficiency when fed to pigs. Key words: Swine, cecum, synbiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, lactitol, lactic acid bacteria

scholarly journals Improving ensiling characteristics by adding lactic acid bacteria modifies in vitro digestibility and methane production of forage-sorghum mixture silage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatchai Kaewpila ◽  
Pongsatorn Gunun ◽  
Piyawit Kesorn ◽  
Sayan Subepang ◽  
Suwit Thip-uten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Randomized Design

AbstractImproving the nutrition of livestock is an important aspect of global food production sustainability. This study verified whether lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant could promote ensiling characteristics, nutritive value, and in vitro enteric methane (CH4) mitigation of forage sorghum (FS) mixture silage in attacking malnutrition in Zebu beef cattle. The FS at the soft dough stage, Cavalcade hay (CH), and cassava chip (CC) were obtained. The treatments were designed as a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Factor A was FS prepared without or with CH, CC, and CH + CC. Factor B was untreated or treated with Lactobacillus casei TH14. The results showed that all FS mixture silages preserved well with lower pH values below 4.0 and higher lactic acid contents above 56.4 g/kg dry matter (DM). Adding LAB boosted the lactic acid content of silages. After 24 h and 48 h of in vitro rumen incubation, the CC-treated silage increased in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) with increased total gas production and CH4 production. The LAB-treated silage increased IVDMD but decreased CH4 production. Thus, the addition of L. casei TH14 inoculant could improve lactic acid fermentation, in vitro digestibility, and CH4 mitigation in the FS mixture silages.

Identification and characterisation of the predominant lactic acid-producing and lactic acid-utilising bacteria in the foregut of the feral camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Ghali ◽  
P. T. Scott ◽  
G. A. Alhadrami ◽  
R. A. M. Al Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Butyrivibrio Fibrisolvens ◽  
Prevotella Ruminicola ◽  
De Man

The camel is emerging as a new and important animal in the Australian livestock industry. However, little is known regarding the microbial ecosystem of the gastrointestinal tract of this ruminant-like animal. This study was carried out to determine the diversity of lactic acid-producing and lactic acid-utilising bacteria in the foregut of the feral camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Australia. Putative lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the foregut contents of camels by culturing on De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe and lactic acid media. Identification of representative isolates was based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Fermentation end products of glucose (i.e. volatile fatty acids and lactate) were also measured in vitro. The key predominant bacteria identified in this study were closely related to Streptococcus bovis, Selenomonas ruminantium, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Lachnospira pectinoschiza and Prevotella ruminicola. The main L-lactate producers were those isolates closely related to S. bovis, S. ruminantium and Lactococcus garvieae, while the efficient lactate utilisers were S. ruminantium-related isolates. D-lactate was produced by isolates closely related to either L. pectinoschiza or S. ruminantium. The predominant bacteria isolated and characterised in this study are identical and/or closely related to those typically found in true ruminants (e.g. S. ruminantium, B. fibrisolvens, S. bovis). In addition, some of the bacteria isolated represent novel species of Lachnospira and Clostridium in the context of lactic acid bacteria from a large herbivorous host. The results from this study have contributed to our understanding and provide opportunities to reduce foregut acidosis in the camel.

scholarly journals 163 Xylanase and fermentable xylo-oligosaccharides improve performance in grower-finisher pigs fed a corn-soybean meal based diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Cordero ◽  
Jae Cheol Kim ◽  
Natasha Whenham ◽  
Helen Masey-O’Neill ◽  
Saksit Srinongkote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Large White ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body

Abstract Cecal inoculum collected from broilers fed a diet supplemented with xylanase showed increased gas production in an in vitro fermentation study with arabinoxylan-based substrates, indicating that intestinal microbiota can adapt to increase the capability to ferment arabinoxylans when pre-exposed to xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) produced by xylanase. As the most abundant non-starch polysaccharides in a corn-soybean meal-based diet is arabinoxylan, this study tested the hypothesis that a blend of a xylanase and XOS will improve growth performance of pigs compared with those fed a diet supplemented with xylanase alone. One hundred twenty male crossbred (Landrace x Large white x Duroc) pigs (77 days average age; 30 kg average body weight -BW) were allocated to one of three treatments: CTR (control diet), XYL (CTR diet supplemented with 100 g/t of xylanase [Econase XT, AB Vista]) and XYL+XOS [CTR diet supplemented with 100 g/t of xylanase and XOS (Signis, AB Vista)]. Each treatment had ten replicates, with 4 animals each. The control diet was formulated with corn, soybean meal, DDGS and cassava meal as major ingredients. Pelleted diets were fed over 3 phases: grower (30–60 kg), finisher 1 (60–80 kg) and finisher 2 (80–100 kg). Average daily gain (ADG) and daily feed intake (ADFI) were measured from 30 to 100 kg and feed efficiency calculated (FCR). No treatment effects were observed on ADFI. Pigs offered the XYL+XOS had increased ADG (CTR = 1.058 vs XYL+XOS= 1.086 g/pig/d; P = 0.02) compared with those supplemented with xylanase alone (CTR = 1.058 vs XYL = 1.067 g/pig/d; P = 0.40). Feed efficiency was improved with XYL (2.65; P = 0.042) and XYL+XOS (2.60; P < 0.001) compared with CTR (2.71). These results suggest that xylanase in combination with XOS further improves daily gain and FCR compared with a xylanase alone. Interestingly the differences between XYL and XYL+XOS become more apparent in older animals, when the microbiome matures and possibly digests fiber more effectively.

scholarly journals Effects of addition of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on digestibility and milk and meat production – a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deli Nazmín Tirado-González ◽  
Gustavo Tirado-Estrada ◽  
Luis Alberto Miranda-Romero ◽  
Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde ◽  
Sergio Ernesto Medina-Cuéllar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes

Abstract Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) added to the ruminant diet can increase fiber digestibility and production efficiency. A systematic review was conducted to understand the interactions between EFE and diet on digestibility and animal performance. The database included variables from 384 experiments with EFE and 264 controls from 85 papers published since 2000 (classification criteria: 1) type of study (in vitro, in situ, in vivo), 2) type of ruminants (sheep, Buffaloes, goats, beef and dairy cattle), 3) primary EFE activity (Cellulases (Cel) or Xylanases (Xyl)), 4) forage proportion (FP), 5) type of plant (TP: legumes or grasses), 6) number of ingredients in diets, and 7) application time (AT)). In over of 52.85% of cases, EFE improved the degradability of dry matter (DMD), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDFD and ADFD), in vitro gas production (GP), volatile fatty acids (VFA), the acetate: propionate ratio (A:P ratio), protein and fat milk, milk yield and average daily gain (ADG) (by 7.78–21.85%). Cel improved organic matter degradability (OMD), GP, VFA, milk yield, and milk protein and fat content. EFE in FP≥40% diets enhanced the ADG, and in grass-based diets increased the dry matter intake (DMI). The AT of EFE affected the DMD, NDFD, and ADFD. Significant correlations were found between the improvements of NDFD or ADFD with DMD (r>0.59), milk yield (r=0.64), and ADG (r=0.59). In conclusion, many factors interact with EFE supplementation effects, but EFE consistently enhanced the DMD, NDFD, and ADFD of ruminant diets, which are related to improvements in productive performance.

scholarly journals Addition of Lactic Acid Bacteria Can Promote the Quality and Feeding Value of Broussonetia papyrifera (Paper Mulberry) Silage

Fermentation ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Wen-Tao Sun ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
Chang-Rong Wu ◽  
Chao Peng ◽  
Yu-Long Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Feeding Value

In this study, the influence of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains [Lactobacillus rhamnosus BDy (LR-BDy) and Lactobacillus buchneri TSy (LB-TSy)] selected from Southwest China on the fermentation characteristics and in vitro gas production of Broussonetia papyrifera (paper mulberry) silage were experimentally explored. The experimental groups were a control group (C), an LB-TSy treatment (LB), an LR-BDy treatment (LR), and an LR-BDy + LB-TSy hybrid group (LR × LB). After the LAB were added, the pH value of paper mulberry silage significantly declined (p < 0.05), and the crude protein content was effectively preserved (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes were found in the levels of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and crude ash (p > 0.05). The lactic acid content in paper mulberry silage was evidently increased (p < 0.05). The in vitro gas production in the LR at 36, 48, and 72 h were markedly higher than that in the other treatments (p < 0.05). Owing to the addition of LAB, the microbial diversity in paper mulberry silage was reduced, while the relative bacterial abundance of Lactobacillus was enhanced. Hence, the addition of LAB selected from the warm and humid region in Southwest China can improve the quality of paper mulberry silage and elevate its feeding value in this region.

scholarly journals In VitroProperties of Potential Probiotic Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria Originating from Traditional Pickles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Tokatlı ◽  
Gökşen Gülgör ◽  
Simel Bağder Elmacı ◽  
Nurdan Arslankoz İşleyen ◽  
Filiz Özçelik
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria

The suitable properties of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains (preselected among 153 strains on the basis of their potential technological properties) isolated from traditional Çubuk pickles were examinedin vitro. For this purpose, these strains (21Lactobacillus plantarum, 11Pediococcus ethanolidurans,and 7Lactobacillus brevis) were tested for the ability to survive at pH 2.5, resistance to bile salts, viability in the presence of pepsin-pancreatin, ability to deconjugate bile salts, cholesterol assimilation, and surface hydrophobicity properties. Most of the properties tested could be assumed to be strain-dependent. However,L. plantarumandL. brevisspecies were found to possess desirable probiotic properties to a greater extent compared toP. ethanolidurans. In contrast toP. ethanoliduransstrains, the testedL. plantarumandL. brevisstrains exhibited bile salt tolerance, albeit to different extent. All tested strains showed less resistance to intestinal conditions than gastric juice environment. Based on the survival under gastrointestinal conditions, 22 of the 39 strains were selected for further characterization. The eight strains having the highest cholesterol assimilation and surface hydrophobicity ratios could be taken as promising probiotic candidates for furtherin vivostudies, because of the strongest variations found among the tested strains with regard to these properties.

scholarly journals Using Lactic Acid Bacteria as Silage Inoculants or Direct-Fed Microbials to Improve In Vitro Degradability and Reduce Methane Emissions in Dairy Cows

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Huyen ◽  
Ines Martinez ◽  
Wilbert Pellikaan
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Silage Inoculants ◽  
Silage Inoculant

The current study has two objectives: (1) To determine the effect of different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains’ inoculant on silage quality of fresh ryegrass (FR) and rain-treated ryegrass (RTR), and (2) to find the optimal way (silage inoculant vs. direct-fed microbial (DFM)) to use LAB strains in order to improve nutrient digestibility and reduce methane emission (CH4) in ruminant production. Five LAB strains were tested, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AGR-1, L. plantarum AGR-2, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis AGR-3, L. lactis subsp. lactis AGR-4 and L. lactis subsp. lactis AGR-5. Each LAB strain was inoculated at 106 cfu/g fresh weight into the FR and the RTR and ensiled for 60 days. After ensiling, the effect of LAB strains included as a DFM or silage inoculant on rumen digestibility and CH4 production were measured using an in vitro gas production system with three separate runs. The in vitro experiment consisted of 24 treatments (2 grasses (FR and RTR) × 2 ways (inoculant or DFM) × 6 strains (5 LAB strains + 1 Control)). The results indicated that the LAB strains’ inoculant treatments reduced (p < 0.0001) the dry matter (DM) losses, the NH3 concentration (p < 0.0001) and the pH (p = 0.0019) upon ensiling in both the FR and the RTR. The lowest values in dry matter (DM) loss and NH3 concentration were found in the L. plantarum (AGR-2) and L. lactis (AGR-5). The in vitro CH4 production was lower for silages inoculated with L. plantarum (AGR-1, p = 0.0054), L. lactis (AGR-4, p = 0.026), L. lactis (AGR-5, p = 0.029) and L. plantarum (AGR-2, p = 0.090), compared to the control. Methane production was lower (p = 0.0027) for LABs when used as silage inoculants, compared to being used as DFM. Lactic acid bacteria used as silage inoculants increased (p ≤ 0.0001) the in vitro DM and organic matter (OM) degradability both in the FR and the RTR, whereas LAB strains used as DFM showed no such effect. The DM and OM digestibility were highest in the L. plantarum (AGR-1, p = 0.0175). Among the five LAB strains used in the current study, L. plantarum (AGR-2) was the best candidate to improve silage quality. Our observations suggest that these LAB strains are most promising when used as silage inoculants and to be confirmed in vivo.

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