Effect of partially replacing silage with straw-barleysoybean meal mixtures on cow-calf performance

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
E. Charmley ◽  
J. L. Duynisveld
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Supplemental Protein

Forty-eight multiparous, medium-framed cows, calving between Jan. 02 and Mar. 05 were used in a 3 × 2 factorial experiment with three totally mixed ration (TMR) formulations and two levels of protein supplementation. The TMRs were formulated to contain 75, 50 or 25% silage (DM basis). The balance of the diet comprised barley, barley straw, soybean meal and urea, such that all TMRs were formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Supplemental protein was supplied as soybean meal at either 0 or 0.44 kg DM d-1. Diets were fed from Jan. 11 to turnout on May 26. Intake and performance were monitored during this period, and performance at pasture was recorded until weaning on Sep. 03. The only interactions between TMR and protein supplementation were a positive response to protein for DM intake (P < 0.05) at the 50% silage level and for blood urea N (P < 0.05) at the 25% silage level. Reducing the amount of silage in the TMR had no effects on calf performance or milk production, except that milk protein concentration was higher when the TMR contained 50% silage (quadratic effect; P < 0.04). However as the percentage of silage in the TMR declined, cows lost less body weight (linear effect; P < 0.001) and appeared to improve in condition. The interval between calving and conception increased linearly as the percentage of silage in the TMR declined (P < 0.05). Supplemental protein had no major effects on performance, but limited the loss of body condition during the feeding period (P < 0.03), although this was offset by increased loss of condition on pasture (P < 0.01). There were no effects of protein supplementation on calf performance or reproductive efficiency. It is concluded that silage can be successfully replaced with other ingredients in winter beef rations, provided the nutrient concentration is balanced. Supplemental protein had little effect on any parameters of performance. Key words: Beef cow, cow-calf, silage, straw, gains, weaning weight, reproduction

scholarly journals Influence of post-calving supplemental protein on calf performance and reproductive efficiency for beef cows fed silage

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Charmley ◽  
J. A. Small ◽  
K. B. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Protein Milk

Protein supplementation for winter-calving beef cows between calving and turnout to pasture was studied in two trials. Changes in cow body weight (BW) and condition and calf BW gains were recorded from calving to weaning in the fall. Reproductive performance was monitored, and in trial 2, milk production was determined. In trial 1, multiparous silage-fed cows were allocated to one of five levels of corn gluten meal (CGM): 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 g d−1. In the second trial, cows were allocated to either restricted or ad libitum silage feeding in combination with three protein supplements: no protein, 400 g d−1 CGM or 475 g d−1 soybean meal (SBM). In trial 1, cows gained weight during supplementation, but on pasture they lost weight (linear effect, P = 0.10). Calf gains and weights at turnout and weaning showed a quadratic response to protein supplementation (P < 0.05). There was a trend toward a linear decline in days to first service with increasing levels of CGM (P < 0.10). In trial 2, cows on restricted silage feeding lost weight (P < 0.05) and body condition (P < 0.10), whereas those fed ad libitum silage gained weight and condition. On pasture, this pattern of weight change was reversed (P < 0.05). Protein supplementation did not influence BW change but tended to cause a lower body condition score at turnout (P = 0.10). Restricting silage intake to the cow did not affect calf performance, but protein supplementation increased gains both during supplementation and on pasture, thus increasing weaning weights (P < 0.05). When silage was fed ad libitum, SBM was more effective than CGM for increasing calf gain. However, when silage was restricted, CGM was more effective. Restricting silage intake did not impair milk production, but feeding CGM increased milk production (P < 0.05). For ad libitum-fed cows, protein supplementation increased pregnancy rate; restricting feed had the opposite effect. Our data suggest that protein supplementation to silage-fed beef cows in good body condition can increase calf performance; however, the level of supplementation is critical, and possible adverse effects on breeding have to be taken into account, particularly with cows in negative energy balance after calving. Key words: Beef cow, protein, milk production, calf gains, silage

Frequency of concentrate supplementation for cattle fed barley straw. 1. Effect on voluntary intake, ruminal straw disappearance, apparent digestibility and heat production

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Tellier ◽  
G. W. Mathison ◽  
E. K. Okine ◽  
D. McCartney ◽  
R. Soofi-Siawash
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Five ruminally cannulated crossbred steers (474 ± 30 kg) were fed diets containing 70% barley straw and 30% concentrate in an unbalanced 5 × 5 Latin square design experiment to investigate the effects of frequency of feeding barley grain-based concentrates (daily, alternate days or every third day) with different dietary protein (7.9 and 11.5%) on voluntary intake of straw, ruminal disappearance of straw, apparent digestibility, and heat production. Neither frequency of feeding nor dietary protein concentration influenced voluntary intake of straw, nor did cattle eat differing amounts of straw on days when concentrate was fed in comparison with days when concentrate was not fed. Protein supplementation increased (P < 0.01) 24-h ruminal straw disappearance, but did not affect disappearances at other times. Concentrate feeding frequency had no influence on rate of ruminal disappearance of straw. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy, acid detergent fibre (ADF) and crude protein were 5, 6, 8 and 33% higher (P < 0.05), respectively, in diets containing the high-protein concentrate, but were not affected by frequency of concentrate feeding. Heat production (kJ kg-0.75) tended to be reduced (P = 0.06) by 4% in steers fed concentrate on alternate days in comparison with steers fed concentrate daily. Dietary protein concentration had no influence on heat production even though digestible energy intake was 10% higher when the high protein concentrate diet was fed. It was concluded that concentrate can be fed every second day without any negative impact on intake and digestibility, with a possible benefit of a reduction in energy lost as heat. More research, however, is required to study the feasibility of feeding concentrate every third day. Key words: Cattle, straw, protein, feeding frequency, digestion, heat production

scholarly journals Influence of supplemental copper, manganese, and zinc source on reproduction, mineral status, and performance in a grazing beef cow-calf herd over a 2-year period

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-753
Author(s):  
S. Jalali ◽  
K.D. Lippolis ◽  
J.K. Ahola ◽  
J.J. Wagner ◽  
J.W. Spears ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Status ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Zinc Source ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals The effect of cow udder score on cow/calf performance in the Nebraska Sandhills

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Joslyn K Beard ◽  
Jacki A Musgrave ◽  
Rick N Funston ◽  
J Travis Mulliniks
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Poor udder and teat confirmation decreases profitability due to decreased calf weaning weight, increased incidence of mastitis and labor, and decreased cow lifetime productivity. Therefore, the objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of beef cow udder score on cow performance and pre- and postweaning progeny performance. In a 5-yr study, crossbred cows at the Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory, Whitman, NE, were assigned an udder score each year at calving, from 1 to 5, using an udder and teat combination score. Cows were grouped by udder scores and classified as either low udder score (LUS, udder score 1 or 2; n = 223) or high udder score (HUS, udder score 3 or 4; n = 1,742). The udder score combines udder conformation and a teat scoring system. Low udder scores consisted of pendulous udders and large teats, whereas HUS consisted of tight udders and small, symmetrical teats. Mixed models were used to evaluate udder score on cow performance and calf pre- and postweaning performance. Cow body weight (BW) at prebreeding and weaning was greater (P &lt; 0.01) in LUS cows compared with HUS counterparts. Pregnancy rate was not different (P = 0.35) between udder classification groups. Calf BW at birth (P = 0.95), weaning (P = 0.40), and adjusted 205-d BW (P = 0.28) were not different between udder groups. Cow udder score did not influence feedlot entry (P = 0.41) and final BW (P = 0.30), dry matter intake (P = 0.53), average daily gain (P = 0.60), and gain:feed ratio (P = 0.85) of steer progeny. However, steers from HUS dams had greater hot carcass weight (HCW; P = 0.04) and backfat thickness (P = 0.02) compared with LUS counterparts. Results from this study suggest cows with less desirable udder structure may not have a negative impact on calf preweaning growth and performance; however, backfat thickness and HCW in the finishing phase were lower in steers from cows with a lower udder score.

PSX-B-2 Effect of feedlot days on intake and performance of Nellore heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 454-454
Author(s):  
Igor M Ferreira ◽  
Iorrano A Cidrini ◽  
William Souza ◽  
Mateus I Abreu ◽  
Laura F Prados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ground Corn

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of feedlot days (FD) on intake (DMI) and performance of Nellore heifers. Fifty-one Nellore heifers [325±19.3 kg of body weight (BW); 16±1 months], blocked by initial BW and stratified by carcass ultrasound, were divided into three treatments: 45, 75 or 105 FD; and placed in 18 pens [17 heifers/treatment; 6 pens/treatment (5 pens with 3 heifers and 1 pen with 2 heifers)]. The animals were fed ad libitum allowing 3% of refusals. The diet consisted of corn silage, ground corn, soybean meal, protected fat and minerals. The adaptation diet [16% CP and 79% TDN; roughage:concentrate (R:C) = 44:56] was offered from day 1 to 15 and the finishing diet from day 16 to 105 (14.5 % CP and 86% TDN; R:C = 25:75). At the end of each FD, heifers were weighted to obtain the shrunk final BW and slaughtered in the same slaughterhouse. The final BW and hot carcass weight (HCW) were greater (linear effect; P ≤ 0.01), respectively, for heifers on 105FD (442 and 244 kg) compared to 75FD (411 and 228 kg) and 45FD (374 and 206 kg). The DMI, backfat thickness and longissimus area increased over FD (linear effect; P ≤ 0.01; 45FD = 7.10 kg/d, 5.05 mm and 64.3 cm2; 75FD = 7.68 kg/d, 5.69 mm and 68.5 cm2 and 105FD=7.79 kg/d, 7.04 mm and 73.3 cm2). The FD did not affect carcass gain (P = 0.38) and feed efficiency based on carcass gain (P = 0.84). However, total carcass gain increased over FD (linear effect; P ≤ 0.01; 29, 51.4 and 75.9 kg, respectively to treatments 45, 75 and 105 FD). In conclusion, the feedlot days increase the BW, backfat thickness and longissimus area. However, the feed efficiency based on carcass gain does not reduce when the heifers are submitted for a long time on feedlot.

COMPARISON OF TOWER RAPESEED MEAL AND SOYBEAN MEAL AS SOURCES OF PROTEIN IN PELLETED CALF STARTER RATIONS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. ELIZABETH WHEELER ◽  
D. M. VEIRA ◽  
J. B. STONE
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Protein Formulations ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty Holstein calves (20 male, 20 female) were used in an experiment to compare Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) with soybean meal (SBM) as the sole or partial source of supplemental protein in calf starter rations. Four pelleted calf starter rations were fed to calves on a free choice basis from 2 days until 12 wk of age. Calves were weaned from a limited milk feeding program at 5 wk of age. Rations were 16% crude protein formulations with supplemental protein from (1) SBM, (2) 50% SBM + 50% RSM and (3) RSM or (4) a 14% crude protein formulation with RSM as the supplemental protein. A 50/50 isonitrogenous combination of SBM + RSM (ration (2) or complete substitution of SBM by RSM (ration 3) resulted in feed intake, daily gain and feed/gain ratios similar to those in calves fed rations containing SBM (ration 1) as the protein source. The 16% crude protein rations were similar in the preweaning and postweaning periods and with respect to overall performance. Calves fed the 14% crude protein ration with RSM exhibited similar feed intakes and daily gains but required more feed per unit gain than calves fed the 16% rations containing SBM, RSM and SBM + RSM. Tower RSM can provide 100% of the supplementary protein or up to 17.3% of calf starter rations without resulting in impaired calf performance.

Beef Cow‐Calf Performance on Coastal Bermudagrass Overseeded with Winter Annual Clovers and Grasses 1

1978 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Hoveland ◽  
W. B. Anthony ◽  
J. A. McGuire ◽  
J. G. Starling
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cow ◽  
Coastal Bermudagrass ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Cow Calf

Effects of pre-calving nutrition on the performance of twin bearing cows and their calves

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J.H. Topps ◽  
Md Nurul Islam ◽  
P.J. Broadbent ◽  
G.F.M. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Carryover Effect ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Friesian Cows

With the advent of twinning in beef cows there is a need to obtain information on the nutritional requirements of these animals during the last three months of pregnancy and to assess the effects of pre-calving nutrition on cow and calf performance in the subsequent lactation. Three experiments have been carried out With 10, 9 and 14 multiple bearing Hereford x British Friesian cows. In each experiment a comparison was made With single bearing cows but the results from these animals are not considered in this paper. The cows were given different energy intakes in a factorial arrangement with low or high levels of UDP over the last three months of pregnancy. After calving all cows were given 125 MJ ME/d for the first 12 Weeks of lactation and performance monitored to assess any carryover effect of pregnancy nutrition.Similar diets were fed during the last three months of pregnancy in all three experiments. The diet containing a low level of UDP (0.19 of total protein) consisted of barley straw, barley grain, molassed meal and urea. While that With a high UDP content (0.33 of total protein) contained barley straw, barley grain, malt distillers dark grains and special propietary cubes.

Comparison of Corn Coproducts and Corn Residue Bales with Alfalfa Mixed Hay on Beef Cow-Calf Performance, Lactation, and Feed Costs

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Braungardt ◽  
D.W. Shike ◽  
D.B. Faulkner ◽  
K. Karges ◽  
M. Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cow ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Corn Residue ◽  
Corn Coproducts ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Feed Costs
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