Effect of injecting gonadotrophins during the luteal phase of the estrous cycleon the inter-estrus interval of gilts

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. ten Haff ◽  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Injection Group ◽  
Hormone Injection ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

Thirty gilts were assigned to receive no hormone injection (Group 1), an injection of 400 IU eCG plus 200 IU hCG (Group 2), or 750 IU eCG followed 78 h later by 500 IU hCG (Group 3). The average inter-estrus intervals were 21, 26, and 32 d for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Cystic-like follicles (>15 mm) were observed in two group 2 gilts, and five group 3 gilts. One group 1gilt had a follicle of 18 mm. All other control gilt ovaries were grossly normal. The induction of cystic-like follicles would appear to preclude the commercial application of gonadotrophins during the luteal phase for extending the inter-estrus interval in gilts. Key words: Gonadotrophins, inter-estrus interval, gilts

THE EFFECTS OF SLAUGHTER WEIGHT AND SEX ON THE COOKING LOSSES FROM AND PALATABILITY ATTRIBUTES OF PORK LOIN CHOPS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. JEREMIAH ◽  
G. M. WEISS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Cooking Properties ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Pork Loin ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

A total of 130 barrows and 113 gilts were slaughtered over a range of liveweights from 65.6 to 143.9 kg. These animals were randomly assigned to six different liveweight groups (group 1, less than 79.5 kg; group 2, 79.5 through 93.1 kg; group 3, 93.2 through 106.7 kg; group 4, 106.8 through 120.4 kg; group 5, 120.5 through 134.0 kg; and group 6, 134.1 kg and over) and utilized to evaluate the effects of slaughter weight and sex on palatability and cooking properties. The composite results indicated that the slaughter weight of both barrows and gilts can, from a practical standpoint, be increased to take advantage of potential economic advantages without meaningfully altering cooking losses or palatability attributes. Key words: Pork, slaughter weight, sex, palatability, cooking losses

Effect of Chlorhexidine Cleansing of Umbilical Cord for Prevention of Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Md Khairuzzaman ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
Abdul Matin ◽  
Mst Monjuman Ara Sarker ◽  
Nihar Ranjan Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Level Hospital ◽  
Group 1

Background: Chlorhexidine cleansing of the cord can reduce neonatal mortality among newborns.Objective: The aim of study was to determine the effect of cord cleansing with chlorhexidine in reduction of umbilical infection among newborns in hospital settings.Methodology: This randomized controlled trial was carried out between April 2013 to July 2014 and 510 newborns were randomly assigned within a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh to receive 1 of 3 cord care regimens single cord cleansing with 4% chlorhexidine(Group-1), multiple cord cleansing with 4% chlorhexidine (Group-2)  and clean and dry cord care (Group-3 : control).Results: The risk of umbilical cord infection (omphalitis) was significantly reduced in both the single (Relative risk [RR] 0.15 [95% CI] 0.008-0.93) and multiple chlorhexidine cleansing group (RR 0.37 [95% CI] 0.04- 0.99) compared to the dry cord care group.  The risk of omphalitis was not significantly different between multiple and single chlorhexidine cleansing group (RR 3.14 [0.13-76.54]). Conclusion: Chlorhexidine significantly reduce the risk of umbilical infection in both single and multiple cord cleansing neonates.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2017;4(2):35-39

CARCASS COMPOSITION OF STEERS GIVEN HAY, HAY SUPPLEMENTED WITH RUMINAL UNDEGRADABLE PROTEIN, OR CONCENTRATE

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Rumen Undegradable Protein ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Holstein steers (10 per group) were given either 85% grass hay and 15% concentrate (group 1), the same diet with added rumen undegradable protein to raise the overall protein level from 120 to 130 g kg−1 (group 2), or 85% concentrate and 15% grass hay (group 3) until they were slaughtered at 500 kg. Extractable fat in separable muscle was greatest for steers in group 3, least for steers in group 2, and intermediate for those in group 1. Loin-eye area was less for steers in groups 1 and 2 than for those in group 3. Carcasses were a larger proportion of empty liveweight in steers in group 3 than in those in groups 1 and 2 due primarily to increased adipose tissue in the front quarter. In comparison with steers on a mainly hay diet, a hay diet supplemented with rumen undegradable protein did not affect the composition of the carcass although it increased the rate of gain from weaning to slaughter. Key words: Carcass, composition, nondegradable, protein, steer

Predictive Value of Minimal Residual Disease: Analysis By Flow-Cytometry in Children with Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 2494-2494
Author(s):  
Myriam Ruth Guitter ◽  
Jorge Gabriel Rossi ◽  
Elisa Sajaroff ◽  
Carolina Carrara ◽  
Pizzi Silvia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction: Despite the advances observed in the outcome of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment during the last 20 years, relapse remains the most common cause of treatment failure in childhood ALL. Several factors have been associated to the prognosis of these patients; however, minimal residual disease (MRD) emerges as a relevant predictor of outcome. Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess MRD by flow-cytometry in relapsed ALL and to evaluate its prognostic impact as a predictor factor of outcome at the end of the induction therapy and prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Patients and Methods: From Aug'10 to Jun'15, 123 ALL patients were treated at our center. MRD determination at least at two time-points during relapse treatment was a requirement for considering a patient eligible for the present study. Sixty-six cases were excluded due to the following causes: 10 patients died during induction, 2 died early in complete remission (CR), 29 did not respond to chemotherapy, in 13 patients MRD determination was not performed: 4 did not have clinical data available, 4 patients were Down Syndrome and 4 children received treatment for relapse in other centers. Thus, fifty-seven patients achieved CR and were evaluated for MRD at two time points. Of them, 56 patients belonged to S4 and S3 and 1 patient to S1 group as defined by the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster stratification for relapsed ALL. MRD was analyzed by multiparametric flow-cytometry following ALL-IC 2009 guidelines. Negative MRD was defined as disclosing less than 0.1% of blasts. For this analysis, patients were stratified based on MRD levels at two different time points: after end of induction, before HSCT or at any other time point during the follow-up for patients who did not undergo HSCT. Three groups were defined: Group-1: negative at both time points (n= 23), Group-2: positive at 1 time point (n= 13) and Group-3: positive at both time points (n= 21). Patients who relapsed before receiving HSCT were considered Group-3. Twenty-five patients underwent HSCT: 13 of them from Group-1, 9 from Group-2 (2 had positive MRD previous to receive HSCT) and 3 patients from Group-3. HSCT was performed with matched familiar donor in 16 cases and matched unrelated donor in 9 cases. Results: The distribution of events according to receiving or not HSCT was: 5 died due to transplant related mortality (TRM), 9 relapsed after receiving HSCT and 16 during treatment with chemotherapy. With a median follow-up of 16 (range: 6-67) months, overall 3-year EFS probability (EFSp) (SE) was 32 (8)%. The 3-year EFSp was 75 (11)% for Group-1, 24 (14)% for Group-2 and 0% for Group-3 (p-value <0.00001). Comparing patients who did not receive HSCT vs. patients who did, EFSp (SE) was 32 (12)% and 29 (11)% respectively (p-value: non-significant). The EFSp (SE) according to MRD groups in patients who underwent HSCT was: Group-1: 53 (19)%, Group-2: 14 (13)% and 0% for Group-3 (p-value: 0.06). Conclusions: MRD quantification by flow-cytometry demonstrated to be a significant prognostic factor for relapsed ALL. Both, TRM and death in CR rates, were high and should be decreased by improving supportive measures. MRD determination by flow-cytometry in patients who underwent HSCT showed a trend to achieve a better EFSp, thus representing a relevant tool for stratifying relapsed ALL patients in order to achieve a better selection of patients to receive HSCT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Chlorhexidine Cleansing of the Umbilical Cord for Prevention of Umbilical Infection: A Hospital based Study in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
M Khairuzzaman ◽  
MA Rouf ◽  
MMA Sarker ◽  
I Hossain ◽  
A Matin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Level Hospital ◽  
Group 1

Background: The umbilical cord is an important site for bacterial colonization. A possible consequence of bacterial colonization is cord stump infection, a factor that can greatly increase morbidity and mortality for infants in developing countries. Chlorhexidine cleansing of the cord can reduce neonatal mortality among newborns infants in low-resource settings with high risk of infection. This objective of this study was to determine the effect of cord cleansing with chlorhexidine in reduction of umbilical infection among newborns in hospital settings.Methodology: Between April 2013 to July 2014, 510 newborns were randomly assigned within a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh to receive 1 of 3 cord care regimens: single cord cleansing with 4% chlorhexidine(Group-1), multiple cord cleansing with 4% chlorhexidine (Group-2) and clean and dry cord care (Group-3 : control).Results: The risk of umbilical cord infection (omphalitis) was significantly reduced in both the single (Relative risk [RR] 0.15 [95% CI] 0.008-0.93) and multiple chlorhexidine cleansing group (RR 0.37 [95% CI] 0.04- 0.99) compared to the dry cord care group. The risk of omphalitis was not significantly different between multiple and single chlorhexidine cleansing group (RR 3.14 [0.13-76.54]).Conclusion: 4% chlorhexidine significantly reduce the risk of umbilical infection in both single and multiple cord cleansing groups as compared to clean and dry cord care group.Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (1) :4-8

Results of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in ventriculostomy and shunting procedures

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran C. Blomstedt
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

✓ The author reports the results of a study to assess the effectiveness of a trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination as prophylaxis in ventriculostomy or shunting operations. Between 1980 and 1983, 122 patients undergoing shunting procedures were randomly assigned to receive trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Group 1, 62 cases) or a placebo (Group 2, 60 cases). The same regimen was followed at each operation, and the patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months. There was a higher infection rate in the placebo group (14 of 60 patients compared with 4 of 62 patients in the antibiotic group, p < 0.01). The antibiotic protected against early infections (nine of the 60 patients in Group 2 against none of the patients in Group 1), but not against late infections (four of the 62 in Group 1 compared with five of the 60 in Group 2). During the same period, 52 patients undergoing ventriculostomy only were also randomly assigned to receive trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Group 3) or placebo (Group 4). There were no differences in the infection rates between these groups (one of 25 in Group 3 as against one of 27 in Group 4).

Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-IV: Results for Patients With Nonmetastatic Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3091-3102 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Crist ◽  
James R. Anderson ◽  
Jane L. Meza ◽  
Christopher Fryer ◽  
R. Beverly Raney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stage I ◽  
Embryonal Tumors ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Eyelid Tumors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: The study goal was to improve outcome in children with rhabdomyosarcoma by comparing risk-based regimens of surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight hundred eighty-three previously untreated eligible patients with nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma entered the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-IV (IRS-IV) (1991 to 1997) after surgery and were randomized treatment by primary tumor site, group (1 to 3), and stage (I to III). Failure-free survival (FFS) rates and survival were the end points used in comparisons between randomized groups and between patient subgroups treated on IRS-III and IRS-IV. Most patients were randomized to receive vincristine and dactinomycin (VA) and cyclophosphamide (VAC, n = 235), or VA and ifosfamide (VAI, n = 222), or vincristine, ifosfamide, and etoposide (VIE, n = 236). Patients with group 3 tumors were randomized to receive conventional RT (C-RT) versus hyperfractionated RT (HF-RT). RESULTS: Overall 3-year FFS and survival were 77% and 86%, respectively. Three-year FFS rates with VAC, VAI, and VIE were 75%, 77%, and 77%, respectively (P = .42). No significant difference in outcome was noted with HF-RT versus C-RT (P = .85 and P = .90, respectively). Overall, patients with embryonal tumors benefited from intensive three-drug chemotherapy in IRS-IV (3-year FFS, 83%). The improvement was seen for patients with stage I or stage II/III, group 1/2 disease, many of whom received VA chemotherapy on IRS-III. Patients with stage 2/3, group 3 disease had similar outcomes on IRS-III and IRS-IV. Three-year FFS for the nonrandomized patient subsets was 75% with renal abnormalities; 81% for paratesticular, group 1 cases; and 91% for group 1/2 orbit or eyelid tumors. Patients with paratesticular primaries had poorer outcomes if they were more than 10 years old (3-year FFS, 63% v 90%). Myelosuppression occurred in most patients, but toxic deaths occurred in less than 1%. CONCLUSION: VAC and VAI or VIE with surgery (with or without RT), are equally effective for patients with local or regional rhabdomyosarcoma and are more effective for embryonal tumors than therapies used previously. Younger patients with group 1 paratesticular embryonal tumors and all patients with group 1/2 orbit or eyelid tumors can usually be cured with VA chemotherapy along with postoperative RT for group 2 disease.

Effect of an inhibitor of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase on progesterone concentrations and embryo survival in sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Ashworth ◽  
I. Wilmut ◽  
A. J. Springbett ◽  
R. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Silicone Elastomer ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT The effect of an inhibitor of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase on peripheral progesterone concentration during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle and on embryo survival was determined in sheep. Following administration of 10, 50, 100 or 250 mg epostane (4,5-epoxy-17-hydroxy-4,17,dimethyl-3-oxo-androstane-2-carbonitrile) progesterone concentrations were significantly lower than control levels 4 h after injection, from 2·5 to 22 h, 1·5 to 24 h and 1 to 24 h after injection respectively. There appeared to be no effect on peripheral oestradiol concentrations. Adrenal progesterone production was small and not influenced by epostane treatment. Epostane was administered on day 9 of the oestrous cycle to cause a reduction in progesterone concentrations for approximately 12-18 h on day 9 only (group 1, 250 mg epostane on day 9), or a series of such reductions on 3 consecutive days (group 2, 50 mg epostane on days 9, 10 and 11) or a continuous reduction for 3 days (group 3, 250 mg epostane on days 9, 10 and 11). The proportion of ewes that were pregnant was significantly (P<0·05) lower in ewes treated to give a continuously low progesterone concentration for 3 days than in either controls or ewes in which progesterone concentration was reduced for less than 24 h (in controls and groups 1, 2 and 3 the proportion was 85, 92, 54 and 18% of ewes treated respectively). Embryo survival was not affected by administration of 250 mg epostane on days 9, 10 and 11 if luteal phase levels of progesterone were maintained by insertion of a silicone elastomer implant of the steroid. The proportion of embryos surviving was 72% in controls compared with 78% in the treated animals. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 205–213

Improving Medical Student Interviewing Skills

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-578
Author(s):  
Janice E. Brown ◽  
John S. O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Interviewing Skills ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

In an attempt to identify methods of improving interviewing skills, 14 pediatric medical students (group 1) were randomly assigned to receive feedback concerning an audiovisually taped interview and to participate in a didactic session on interviewing skills. Seventeen students (group 2) had feedback sessions only, and 31 (group 3) had neither feedback nor didactic sessions. Each student was taped while interviewing a simulated mother both before and after receiving the assigned input. Group 1 improved more than group 3 in organizational abilities and more than either group 2 or group 3 in obtaining histories of present illnesses. Improvements in rapport, organization and information eliciting abilities were correlated with the amount of time taken for the interviews. Differences observed between the three groups in the pre-input interviews, which were carried out within several days of the students' becoming aware of their group assignments, stress the need of obtaining pre-input evaluations routinely in assessing medical education techniques.

Radiotherapy and CCNU in the treatment of high-grade supratentorial astrocytomas

1976 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Weir ◽  
Pierre Band ◽  
Raul Urtasun ◽  
Gilles Blain ◽  
Don McLean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
Group 1

✓ Forty-one consecutive patients with supratentorial primary brain tumors (38 Grade III and IV astrocytomas, one giant-cell astrocytoma, and two cases with insufficient tissue for diagnosis) were randomly allocated within 2 weeks of surgery to one of three therapeutic groups. Group 1 (15 patients) received radiation therapy totaling 4000 to 4500 rads in 4 to 5 weeks. Group 2 (13 patients) received 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) 130 mg/sq m orally every 6 weeks. Group 3 (13 patients) received radiation therapy plus CCNU as for Groups 1 and 2. When the disease progressed, patients in Groups 1 and 2 were crossed over to receive CCNU and irradiation respectively. The median survival time in these groups was 188, 259, and 252 days, and the mean survival 263, 262, and 329 days. The median time from diagnosis to crossover (Groups 1 and 2) or to progression (Group 3) was 163, 99, and 220 days, and the mean time was 172, 108, and 231 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the means or medians in any of these situations.

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