scholarly journals Evaluation of lighting programs, diet density, and short term use of mash as compared to crumbled starter to reduce incidence of sudden death syndrome in broiler chicks to 35 d of age

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
M 12

Restricted lighting is used commercially to regulate early growth and limit losses associated with sudden death syndrome (SDS), ascites and leg problems. Standard lighting programs may not be suited for broilers marketed at 35 d of age, and promote injury (scratching, i.e., cellulitis) by creating peak feeding periods. This study evaluates four lighting programs, three phases of mash or crumble starter feeding and two diet densities on performance and mortality of broilers marketed at 35 d of age. Two trials each utilized 7200 male broiler (Cobb × Cobb) chicks randomly housed in six (2.75 × 4.90 m) floor pens in each of eight rearing rooms. Four lighting programs were replicated in each trial and consisted of: (a) 23C (23L:1D 0–35 d); (b) 16C (23L:1D 0–3 d, 16L:8D 4–35 d); (c) DDI (delayed decreasing increasing) (23L:1D 0–3 d; 20L:4D 4–6 d, 16L:8D 7–10 d; 8L:16D 11–15 d; 12L:12D 16–20 d; 16L:8 D 21–28 d; and 20L:4 D 29–35 d); and (d) IL (intermittent lighting, provided in four cycles of 6 h d-1 the same total daily hours of light as the DDI program). Two diet densities were applied for the starter and grower diets; high (ME 3170/3200 kcal; CP 251/210 g) or low (ME 3100/3060 kcal; CP 235/195 g kg-1 starter/grower diet, respectively). The two starter types were fed as combinations of mash (M) or crumble (C): (1) M 0–12 d followed by C 12–21 d; (2) C 0–12 d followed by M 12–21 d; and 3) C 0–21 d. The respective grower/finisher density diets were fed in a pelleted form. By 35 d of age the body weight (BW) of broilers maintained under the DDI lighting program was significantly lower than BW of broilers held under the other lighting programs (16Ca > ILab > 23Cb). Overall (0–35 d) feed conversion (corrected for mortality, but not market weight at 35 d) was highest for broilers reared under the 23Ca > ILab > DDIb > 16Cc lighting programs, respectively. SDS (%) mortality was highest for IL (1.68a) = 23C (1.53a) ≥ 16C (1.02ab) ≥ DDI (0.80b) lighting programs. There were no significant differences in 35 d BW or feed conversion of broilers fed mash or crumble starter. Feeding mash diets did lower 21 d BW, but this decrease in early growth did not significantly reduce overall mortality. Broilers fed the low as compared to the high density diets weighed less at 21 d, but weighed significantly more at 35 d, and had a higher (P < 0.05) 0–35 d feed conversion. Low as compared to high density diets did reduce SDS mortality significantly (0.72 vs. 1.81%, respectively). Lighting programs that do provide variable extended dark periods will alleviate broiler mortality as compared to constant (23 or 16 h) or intermittent lighting programs. However, these broilers had a significantly lower body weight when marketed at 35 or less days of age. Key words: Lighting, broilers, mash, diet density, sudden death, ascites

EFFECT OF DIETARY RESERPINE ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME IN CHICKENS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
J. R. HUNT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Meat Type

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various levels of dietary reserpine on growth, feed conversion, percent mortality and percent mortality due to sudden death syndrome (SDS) of meat-type chickens to 10 wk of age. In one experiment, dietary reserpine (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg) had no significant effect on body weight gain but reduced feed:gain ratios with the two highest levels at 3 wk and at all levels at 7 and 10 wk. In the second experiment (0.0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg), dietary reserpine resulted in lower body weight at 3, 7 and 10 wk of age while feed:gain ratios at 7 or 10 wk were not affected. In both experiments neither total mortality nor mortality due to SDS was influenced by dietary reserpine. Key words: Reserpine, sudden death syndrome, broilers, roasters, growth, feed:gain

scholarly journals Dietary evaluation of starter broiler chicks fed cooked cocoyam tuber meal (xanthosoma sagitifolium) as energy source in place of maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
B. C. Anyaegbu ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
G. Igwe ◽  
J. Nathaniel ◽  
C. M. Nkwo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion

Considering the inherent attributes of tannia cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagitifolium) its appropriate utilization may enhance performance of starter broiler chicks. This study was therefore carried out to determine the dietary evaluation of starter broiler chicks fed cooked cocoyam tuber meal as energy source in place of maize. The cooked cocoyam tuber meal was used to replace maize at various levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively for diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 to determine the best replacement level that would give optimal performance in starter broiler chicks' diets. Result of the proximate composition of cooked cocoyam tuber meal showed that it contained 13.11% moisture, 2.60% ash, 1.85% ether extract, 3.90% crude protein, 9.45% crude fibre, 70.13% nitrogen free extract and 3004.37 Kcal/kgME. 150 day old Anak broiler chicks were used for the experiment. They were divided into 5 treatment groups of 30 broiler chicks each. Each treatment group was subdivided into 3 replicates of 10 broiler chicks each and kept in deep litter. Each starter diet was fed to a group of 30 starter broilers for 4 weeks using completely randomized design. They were given feed and water adlibitum. Parameters measured include initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and economics of production. In the starter broiler feeding trial, the starter broilers on 25% cooked cocoyam meal compared favourably with the control (P> 0.05) in terms of feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio and significantly (P > 0.05) performed between than those on 100% CCYM. The cost of production (N/Kg broiler) was however cheapest for diet 2 (25% CCYM) N395 versus control diet (N494.28). It was therefore concluded that cooked cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium) could be used in the diets of starter broiler chicks' up to 25% without affecting the body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in this study.

Effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin E, zinc, and chromium supplementation on growth performance and hematological characteristics of broiler chickens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazim Ali ◽  
Mohammad Akram ◽  
Ahmad Fahim ◽  
Balvir Singh ◽  
Mohammad Imran
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Wood Shavings

The study investigated the effect of supplementation of Vitamin E, Zn and Cr on growth performance and hematological characteristics of broiler chickens. The 240 day old Cobb 400 chicks were randomly distributed in eight groups consisting of 30 chicks in each. These chicks were kept on deep litter houses comprising of wood shavings. The supplementation of Vitamin E, zinc and chromium either individually or in combination improved the feed conversion ratio and body weight gain in broiler chicks. The body weight of broiler chickens at different age from day old to the 6th week were significantly different among treatments. The highest body weight was recorded in T8 groups. Heamoglobin, red blood corpuscles and white blood cells levels increased whereas heterophil: lymphocyte ratio statistically decreased with vitamin E, zinc or chromium supplemented groups either individually or in combinations.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of vitamin E and selenium from Lolyvit-ES on the performance of broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-528
Author(s):  
Mohammad Salahuddin ◽  
Zahirul Haque Khandaker ◽  
Mohammad Mohiuddin ◽  
Md Mostain Billah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups

An experiment was conducted in the poultry rearing unit of Sahjalal Animal Nutrition Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for a period of 30 days by using 108 one week aged straight run Starbro broiler chicks to find out the effect of vitamin E and selenium as feed supplement for the performance of broiler. Chicks were distributed into 4 dietary treatment groups each having three replications (R1, R2, R3) and each replication contains 9 chicks. Dietary treatment groups were T0 (Control i.e. without supplemental vitamin E and Selenium), T1 (Control + 50 mg vitamin E 0.11 mg selenium per kg diet), T2 (Control + 100 mg vitamin and 0.22 mg Selenium per kg diet and T3 (Control + 150 mg vitamin E and 0.33 mg Selenium per kg diet). At end of the feeding trail the body weight of birds were 1238.28, 1231.85, 1272.59, and 1218.33 gm/bird in treatment groups T0, T1, T2 and T3 respectively which differ significantly (p<0.05) where highest body weight observed in T2 group . Body weight gain was highest in T2 (control+100mg vitamin E and 0.22 mg Selenium per kg diet) and lowest in T0 (control). Total Feed consumption during the experimental period was 2480.30, 2523.80, 2564.56 and 2555.39 g for T0, T1, T2 and T3 respectively. At 2nd and 3rd week of age, weekly feed conversion ratio were significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 group than the other groups including control. Meat yield parameter of broilers showed significant (P<0.05) differences in dressing weight, breast weight and shank weight. Based on the above findings, the result suggest that supplementation of Vitamin E 100 mg and 0.22 mg Selenium per kg diet from ‘‘Lolyvit-ES’’ as a source of Vitamin E and Selenium may be used in broiler rations.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2017, 3(4): 521-528

scholarly journals Effect of Partial and Total Replacement of Raw and Germinated Red Sorghum Instead of Yellow Corn in The Diets on Growth Performance of Broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
H. A. Al-Mashhadani ◽  
N. S. Al-Rubaie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Yellow Corn ◽  
Engineering Sciences

Abstract This experiment was conducted at the poultry farm of Animal Production Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad, for the period from 11/22/2020 to 2/1/2021, to demonstrate the effect of partial and complete replacement of raw and germinated red sorghum instead of yellow corn in the diets on productive performance of broilers. A total of 225 one day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were naturalized in the farm and randomly distributed to five treatments, each treatment divided to 3 replicates and each replicate content 15 chicks (10 males and 5 females). The initial weight of the chicks was from (42 to 44 g). Chicks were fed on the starter diet from 1 _ 10 day of age and grower diet from 11 _ 24 days of age and finisher diet from 25 _ 42 days of age. The raw and germinated red sorghum was partial and total replaced with yellow corn by (24 and 48%) respectively. The data of growth performance were taken at the end of each period. The birds were fed on the one of the following diets: T1: control treatment (content 48% yellow corn); T2: (48% raw red sorghum + 0.0% yellow corn); T3: (48% germinated red sorghum + 0.0% yellow corn); T4: (24% raw red sorghum + 24% yellow corn); and T5: (24% germinated red sorghum + 24% yellow corn). The growth performance data represented by body weight, weight gain rate, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were taken. The results were showed no significant differences between all transactions in growth performance during the first age period (0-10 days). In the second period (11-24 days), a significant superiority of the T1 and T2 treatments as compared with T3 and T4 treatments for the body weight and weight gain..For the last period (25 - 42 days), no significant differences were observed between all treatments.

PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKS FED TWO DIETARY PROTEIN LEVELS (18 AND 22%), TWO NEEPAWA WHEATS (14.5 AND 21.0% PROTEIN), AND SIX L-LYSINE LEVELS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-773
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Maximal Growth ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

Day-old male broiler chicks were fed 14.5 and 21.0% protein Neepawa wheats as ingredients in broiler diets to 4 wk of age. Two levels of dietary protein (18 and 22%) and six levels of added L-lysine HCl (L-lysine) (0.0, 0.06, 0.12, 0.18, 0.24, and 0.30%) were used with each wheat. The desired dietary protein contents were obtained by varying the proportions of the wheats and soybean meal. Body weights and feed-to-gain ratios were significantly affected by the three variables. Within the 18% protein diets, the diet containing 14.5% protein wheat and supplemented with at least 0.18% L-lysine gave maximal growth and most efficient feed conversion. Maximal growth was not obtained on any of the 18% protein diets with 21.0% protein wheat, regardless of L-lysine supplementation. With the 22% protein diets, L-lysine supplementation up to 0.24% of the diet improved the body weight and feed conversions of the chicks when the diet contained 21.0% protein wheat, and generally the results were not different from those obtained when the diet contained the 14.5% protein wheat. L-lysine supplementation of the 22% protein diet containing the 14.5% protein wheat did not significantly affect growth or feed conversion. High-protein wheat supplemented with adequate L-lysine can be fed to chicks and thereby substantially reduce the amount of supplemental protein required.

scholarly journals Use of non-antibiotic growth promoter “Grow Power” in commercial broiler diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
MF Hossain ◽  
M Khairunnesa ◽  
SC Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted with 160, day old Cobb 500 broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of supplementation of Grow Power (GP) on the performance of broiler. The dietary treatments were control (D1), Grow Power (D2), Grow Power plus antibiotic (D3) and antibiotic (D4). At 5th week of age, the body weight of birds at different dietary treatments were 938.75, 1105.00, 1136.25, and 985.00g in the diets of D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively. Body weight gain at 2nd, 3rd and 4th week of age were significantly (P<0.05) higher in GP supplemented group (D2) and GP plus antibiotic group (D3) than that of control (D1) and antibiotic (D4) groups. Feed consumption during the experimental period was 1753.75, 1938.75, 1917.50 and 1774.50g for D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively. At 2nd and 3rd week of age, feed consumption were significantly (p<0.05) higher in D3 group than the other groups including control. Significantly (P<0.05) better Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was found in D3 (2.03) and D2 (2.11) groups compared to D1 (2.31) and D4 (2.28).  At 3rd, 4th and 5th week of age, the Performance Index (%) was significantly higher in D2 than D1 and D4. Meat yield parameter of broilers showed significant (P<0.05) differences in dressing weight, feather weight, shank weight, drumstick weight, neck weight, liver weight and viscera weight. Based on the results obtained from the current study it may be concluded that the inclusion of Grow Power @ 50gm/100kg of mixed feed with or without antibiotic improved the growth of commercial broiler including their FCR and therefore, this product may be considered as an alternative of traditional antibiotic in broiler diet.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23139Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 33-39 

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Duodenal Histomorphology, and Cecal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Fed on Diets Supplemented with Cinnamon Bark Powder at Prestarter and Starter Phases

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Qaid ◽  
Saud I. Al-Mufarrej ◽  
Mahmoud M. Azzam ◽  
Maged A. Al-Garadi ◽  
Hani H. Albaadani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Globulin ◽  
Maximum Improvement

Ross 308 broiler chicks (n = 240) aged 1 day were assigned to five groups for eight replicates (six chicks for each) (3♂ and 3♀). Basal dietary groups were supplemented by 2000, 4000, and 6000 mg/kg cinnamon (CN) for 21 days. Basal diet alone was used as a negative control, and basal antibiotic diet (Colimox) was used as a positive control. At 10, 14, and 21 days of age, chicks that received 2000 mg CN and Colimox had a higher body weight, resulting in an increase in body weight gain. CN also resulted in the maximum improvement in the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency over 1–21 days at the level of 2000 mg/kg. At days 10, the maximum relative breast weight was 2000 mg/kg of CN. Mean serum albumin concentrations, duodenal villus height, and goblet cell density increased (p < 0.05) by 2000 mg/kg of CN, and mean serum globulin and total protein concentrations and crypt depth increased (p < 0.05) by 6000 mg/kg of CN compared with control. Increased cecal Escherichia coli number was CN dose-dependent. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 2000 mg/kg CN can be applied as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for broiler starter diet.

scholarly journals Paper products as litter materials for broilers: performance, carcass defects, footpad lesions.

1969 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Héctor L. Santiago ◽  
Kenneth H. Aponte ◽  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
José A. Orama ◽  
Mireille Argüelles
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Moisture Percentage

Recycled paper products were evaluated as litter material for broilers; parameters were growth performance, carcass quality, and footpad problems. One hundred sixty-eight broiler chicks were raised to market age (42 d) in an open-sided poultry house located at the Lajas Agricultural Experiment Station Small Animal Research Farm. Birds were assigned to 12 floor pens bedded with either rice hulls (RH) as control; a 50:50 mix of RH and shredded white paper (SWP); or a 50:50 mix of RH and shredded newspaper (SNP) according to a completely randomized design replicated four times. Traits measured were body weight, feed intake, feed conversion, carcass yield, breast blister score, footpad burn score, and mortality. Litter moisture percentage was assessed at 14, 28, and 42 d of age. Litter material had no influence on body weight, breast blister score, or bird mortality. However, birds raised on SWP had lower feed intake and higher body weight than those raised on RH and SNP. No significant differences in feed conversion were observed among treatments from 7 to 28 d of age. At 35 and 42 d, birds raised in SWP had significantly lower feed conversion than controls, whereas feed conversion of birds raised in SNP did not differ from that of the other treatments. No differences were found for carcass yield among treatments. At all sampling times, litter moisture percentage was significantly higher in SNP than in the control. No litter caking problems were observed in any of the treatments. Significant differences in footpad burn scores were observed among all treatments, with birds raised on SNP having higher scores (severer lesions), than those on SWP and RH.The results suggest that recycled paper products could be an excellent alternative bedding material for broilers. The use of SWP as litter appears to improve broiler performance and reduce the incidence of footpad problems.

scholarly journals Effects of the Ratio of Dietary Fish Meal to Soybean Meal on the Performance of Broiler Chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Nwe Nwe Htin ◽  
May Phyo Chit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Fish

A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with a total of 160 day-old commercial broiler chicks which were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with five replicates into 20 pens and brooded. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. From day old chick to 21 day, the broiler chicks were fed Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (3% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 10) was served as control diet, Diet 3 (2% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.5% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 20). From day 22 onwards, the broiler chicks were fed finisher diet, Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (2.6% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 10, serve as control diet, Diet 3 (1.8% fish meal and 27% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.3% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 20). Weekly performances and mortality are measured. By feeding FS5 diet (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal), the heavier body weight, increased feed consumption and feed conversion ratio of broiler chicks was observed when compared to that of other treatment groups. Conclusively, it is obvious that the ratio of dietary fish meal to soybean meal 1: 5 (FS5) improved body weight but the lower feed efficiency of this diet should be considered in economical point of view.

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