A comparison of washed and unwashed bags to determine the apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter, energy and crude protein in feeds for swine using the mobile nylon bag technique

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyan Qiao ◽  
P. A. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Line Equation

Five feeds and five castrates were used to study the effects of washing rather than scrapping feces fr om bags on nutrient digestibility obtained with the mobile nylon bag technique (MNBT). Using unwashed bags, the MNBT and the conventional indicator method (CON) produced similar dry matter digestibility (DMD) with barley being the only ingredient where a difference (P < 0.05) was obtained between the two techniques. The linear regression equation was CON DMD = 5.39 + 0.92 MNBT DMD (r2 = 0.95). The MNBT overestimated DMD with a bias of less than 0.1%. When washed bags were used, differences (P < 0.05) were obtained between the two techniques for barley, corn and oats and the MNBT overestimated DMD with a bias of 6.6%. There were no differences in gross energy digestibility (GED) when obtained with the indicator method or the MNBT using unwashed bags. The regression line equation was CON GED = 3.85 + 0.94 MNBT GED (r2 = 0.95) and the MNBT overestimated GED with a bias of 1.4%. When washed bags were used, significant (P < 0.05) differences were obtained between techniques for GED with barley, corn, and oats. The MNBT overestimated GED with a bias of 7.3%. With unwashed bags, there were no differences in crude protein digestibility (CPD) obtained with the indicator method or the MNBT, with the exception of the mixed diet. The regression line equation was CON CPD = 28.16 + 0.60 MNBT CPD (r2 = 0.53) and the MNBT overestimated CPD with a bias of 3%. When washed bags were used, significant (P < 0.05) differences were obtained between techniques for barley, corn, oats, wheat and the mixed diet, and the MNBT overestimated CPD with a bias of 12.8%. The overall results of this experiment indicate that washing bags greatly overestimates nutrient digestibility coefficients obtained with the MNBT. Key words: Nylon bag, pigs, digestibility, protein, energy, cannula

scholarly journals PSXII-31 Severity of hay processing on dry matter intake, sorting behaviour, and apparent total tract digestibility in lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 418-419
Author(s):  
Liam Kelln
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract The objective was to evaluate digestibility and sorting behaviour of grass hay processed to differing severities. Thirty-six wether lambs were used in a completely randomized design and fed diets consisting of grass hay (82.2 %), whole barley (15.7 %), and a mineral-vitamin supplement (2.1 %). Treatments included: unprocessed hay (CON); shredded hay (SHRED); chopped hay (CHOP); and ground hay (GRIND). Lambs were fed their respective diet for 20 d followed by 4 d for measurement of feed intake and fecal output. Lambs fed CON (1.23 kg and 3.24 %) had greater DMI (P = 0.04 and 0.05) compared to CHOP (1.04 kg and 2.71 % BW), with SHRED (1.17 kg and 3.11 % BW) and GRIND (1.13 kg and 2.97 % BW) being intermediate. Undigestible NDF intake tended to decrease as processing severity increased (P = 0.05). Dry matter digestibility (67.6, 66.2, 59.6, and 60.8 % for CON, SHRED, CHOP, and GRIND, respectively; P &lt; 0.01) generally decreased as the severity of forage processing increased. Crude protein digestibility was greatest in CON (68.6 %) compared to SHRED (60.83 %), CHOP (58.7 %), and GRIND (58.5 %; P &lt; 0.01). ADF and aNDFom digestibilities were greater for CON (57.4 and 67.2 %) and SHRED (60.0 and 67.9 %) compared to CHOP (44.8 and 54.6 %) and GRIND (48.3 and 58.5 %; P &lt; 0.001). CON and SHRED lambs sorted for larger particle sizes (particles &gt; 19 mm and 8 to 19 mm; P &lt; 0.001 and 0.025, respectively) while CHOP and GRIND lambs sorted for smaller particles (particles 4 to 8 mm and particles &lt; 4 mm; P &lt; 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). These results indicate that processing of grass hay does not increase nutrient digestibility partly because of the sorting behaviour of lambs.

Effect of salinomycin and enzyme supplementation on nutrient digestibility and the performance of pigs fed barley- or rye-based diets

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
G. L. Campbell ◽  
J. W. D. GrootWassink
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Beta Glucanase ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Two experiments of a factorial design (sex × treatment) were conducted to determine the effects of enzyme and salinomycin supplementation on the nutritive value of barley or rye-based diets for growing pigs fed from approximately 20 to 85 kg. For exp. 1, 72 crossbred pigs were fed either a barley-based control diet or a similar diet supplemented with enzyme (Aspergillus niger; 750 units g−1 beta-glucanase and 650 units g−1 pentosanase), salinomycin (25 ppm) or both additives in combination. For exp. 2, two replicates of 48 pigs were fed either a barley-based diet, an unsupplemented rye-based diet or a rye-based diet supplemented with enzyme, salinomycin or both additives. During both experiments, chromic oxide (0.5%) was added to the diet of four to six pigs/treatment to act as a digestibility indicator starting when the pigs reached 42 kg. Neither enzyme nor salinomycin, alone or in combination, significantly improved the growth rate or feed efficiency of pigs fed barley or rye. Supplementation of barley with the combination of additives significantly (P < 0.05) improved protein digestibility while neither enzyme nor salinomycin had any effect on nutrient digestibility when fed alone. In rye-based diets, salinomycin, both alone and in combination, significantly (P < 0.05) improved the digestibility of crude protein and energy. Dry matter digestibility of the rye-based diets was unaffected by treatment. Key words: Swine, rye, barley, beta-glucanase, pentosanase, salinomycin

scholarly journals The Digestibility of a Bagasse Complete Ration in Comparison with a Conventional Ration for Dairy Cows

1969 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-447
Author(s):  
Edgardo Prieto ◽  
Paul F. Randel
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
And Control

Sixteen Holstein and Brown Swiss cows in late lactation were used to compare the digestibility of a complete ration containing 15-percent ground sugarcane bagasse and 85-percent concentrates to that of a control ration involving whole sugarcane silage and a standard concentrates mixture. The average amounts of dry matter consumed daily were 11.31, 2.18, and 6.26 kg. for the complete ration, the silage, and the standard concentrates, respectively. The chromic oxide indicator method with 7 days for fecal samples collection was used. The respective mean apparent digestibility coefficients determined for the complete and control rations were as follows: organic matter, 74.3 and 69.6; crude protein, 71.3 and 55.1; dry matter, 71.9 and 68.3; nitrogen-free extract, 80.7 and 76.6; ether extract, 70.0 and 67.3; crude fiber, 36.6 and 47.7; and total digestible nutrients, 72.2 and 69.2. The mean differences were highly significant (P < .01) for the first two components, significant (P < .05) for the second two components, but not significant for the final three components. With data from the control ration, on which individual cows consumed varying proportions of silage-to-concentrates, linear regression coefficients, highly significant (P < .01) for TDN and significant (P < .05) for crude protein, were obtained employing digestibility as the dependent variable and the proportion of forage dry matter to total dry matter consumed as the independent variable. When adjusted to the basis of 15-percent forage dry matter in the total dry matter consumed, the control ration yielded a mean crude protein digestibility of 69.8 percent and a mean TDN content of 73.4 percent, very similar to the corresponding figures for the complete ration. Thus, at least in crude protein and TDN, the two rations can be considered equally digestible at a common forage-to-concentrates ratio.

scholarly journals Digestibility and digestive enzyme activity in Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch, 1795) fed periphyton grown on sugarcane bagasse

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
B. Gangadhar ◽  
N. Sridhar ◽  
H. Umalatha ◽  
H. Ganesh ◽  
A.R.T. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Carboxypeptidase B ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Pelleted Feed

An experiment of 60 days duration was carried out to compare dry matter and protein digestibility of periphyton grown on sugarcane bagasse bundles and a pelleted feed in Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch, 1795). Advanced fingerlings maintained in glass aquaria were allowed to feed on fresh periphyton or pelleted feed (20% crude protein) daily morning, the fecal matter collected following standard procedure and analysed for proximate composition. Acid insoluble ash was used as the reference marker for digestibility estimation. Activity of total protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase - A and B, amylase, lipase and cellulase in the gut of fish was estimated at the end of the feeding trial. Periphyton and pelleted feed showed similar (p>0.05) protein digestibility (92.29 and 89.21% respectively), while total dry matter digestibility was higher (p<0.05) with peiphyton (85.44 and 75.16% respectively). Among the proteases estimated, activity of total protease and carboxypeptidase B was higher (p<0.05) in fish fed periphyton, whereas activity of others showed no difference between those receiving periphyton and pelleted feed (p>0.05). Activity of carbohydrases and lipase was higher in fish fed pelleted feed. Results of the study cleary indicated that L. fimbriatus can efficiently utilise periphyton.

Seasonal production of Andropogen Gayanus: II. Seasonal changes in digestibility and feed intake

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Haggar ◽  
M. B. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake ◽  
Andropogon Gayanus ◽  
Voluntary Intake

SUMMARYTwenty-seven sheep feeding trials were carried out on freshly cut Andropogon gayanus, fed daily during three wet seasons, 1966–8.In each year, dry-matter voluntary intake and digestibility were highest during the first part of the growing season and declined with advancing maturity of the herbage. However, at the time of ear emergence in early October, there were small increases in voluntary intake of dry-matter and crude protein digestibility, although further decreases followed after mid-October.Determinations of in vitro digestibility indicated that elongating stems during early October were at least as digestible as leaves.Seasonal changes in crude protein digestibility were much greater than changes in dry-matter digestibility; seasonal changes in feed intake were intermediate. Voluntary feed intake was related to dry-matter digestibility.Voluntary feed intake and digestible crude protein were both closely related to the crude protein content of the forage. It was concluded that crude protein is a useful criterion for predicting nutritive value.

EFFECTS OF INCREASING THE ENERGY VALUE OF A WHOLE MILK DIET FOR CALVES. I. NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND NITROGEN RETENTION

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. LODGE ◽  
E. E. LISTER
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Severe Diarrhea ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Holstein Calves

In each of four metabolism trials using male Holstein calves, the biological value (BV) of whole milk protein was improved by increasing the energy:protein ratio through addition of glucose or butterfat. Cow’s milk, which provided 21.7–23.8 kcal digestible energy (DE)/g digestible crude protein (DCP) had a BV of 73–78, whereas supplementation with glucose to provide 28 kcal DE/g DCP increased the BV to 84–86. Higher levels of glucose providing 31–32 kcal DE/g DCP tended to further elevate the BV to 87–89 but some diarrhea occurred in younger calves. Attempts to provide larger quantities of energy by increasing the amount of glucose resulted in severe diarrhea and the consistent detection of glucose in the feces. Except where the diarrhea was severe, digestibilities of dry matter and gross energy were not affected by increasing quantities of glucose in the diet. Protein digestibility, however, was depressed in each metabolism trial when higher levels (8–10% glucose monohydrate) were added to whole milk.

scholarly journals Effect of Cashew Nutshell Oil Supplementation as Phenol Source for Protein Protection on In Vitro Nutrient Digestibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahma Fitriastuti ◽  
Lies Mira Yusiati ◽  
Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto ◽  
Zaenal Bachruddin ◽  
Chusnul Hanim
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Cashew Nutshell Liquid ◽  
Lowry Method

The current study was aimed to evaluate the ability of phenol content in cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) in binding protein and its effect on in vitro nutrient digestibility. This research divided into three steps, there were determination of total phenol and tannins content in CNSL, optimalization binding of CNSL tannin to bovine serum albumin with the determination of protein-percipitable phenolics compound and protein content using Lowry method, after that amount of optimalization supplementation of CNSL was used for measuring on in vitro nutrient digestibility by Tilley and Terry method. The results showed that phenol and tannin content of CNSL were 148.69 g/100 ml and 28.3 g/100 ml. One gram tannin in CNSL could be bound by 65.83 g protein. Optimum tannin were used in this study was 5.85 g tannin or equivalent to 163.91 mg of CNSL. Amount of CNSL were used in various levels, there are 0, 50, 100, 150 dan 200 mg. CNSL supplementation reduced dry matter, organic matter crude protein digestibility in rumen, and didn’t reduce dry matter dan crude protein in vitro post rumen digestibility. Supplementation of CNSL increased feed efficiency on in vitro.

scholarly journals Digestibility Coefficients of Cattle Hoof Meal Diet by African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Juvenile

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
A. E. Falaye ◽  
S. O. Sule
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Test Diet ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soda Ash

Digestibility trial of Cattle hoof waste subjected to five processing methods was conducted on Clarias gariepinus juveniles. A reference diet 70 % and test diet 30 % was formulated with chromic oxide biomarker. Feed and feacal samples collected at 8h interval after feeding were analysed for proximate parameters and digestibility coefficient calculated. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments crude protein digestibility was highest in Reference diet (88.26 ± 0.04) < soda ash diet (87.49 ± 0.04) < fermented diet (82.15 ± 0.10) < wood ash diet (81.26 ± 0.03) < raw hoof diet (79.57 ± 0.05) and lowest in Autoclaved diet (77.69 ± 0.02). Nutrient digestibility also showed significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments with highest values for soda ash diets parameters and least protein nutrient in autoclaved diet (58.99±0.08 ); fat, dry matter and energy nutrient in raw hoof diet (56.41 ± 3.49; 23.39 ± 0.16; 25.71 ± 0.75). This study concludes that Clarias gariepinus juveniles can be fed soda ash treated cattle hoof waste.

ESTIMATION OF THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF SILAGES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. LAFOREST ◽  
J. R. SEOANE ◽  
G. DUPUIS ◽  
L. PHILLIP ◽  
PAUL M. FLIPOT
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Packed Volume

Forty-eight wethers were used to determine voluntary intake and digestibility of eight silages made from pure swards of legumes and grasses. Chemical and physical characteristics of silages were measured and related to dry matter intake, digestibility coefficients and digestible nutrient intakes by means of simple correlation and linear regression analyses. Intakes of dry matter (DM), digestible energy, digestible protein and total digestible nutrients were correlated negatively with percentage cell walls (r = −0.87) and positively with crude protein (r = 0.92). Lignin and the logarithm of (lignin × 100/acid detergent fiber) were highly correlated to cell walls digestibility (r = 0.98). There was a close relationship between protein digestibility and crude protein content (r = 0.99). Dry matter digestibility was accurately estimated by a summative equation (r = 0.74). The physical characteristics (packed volume and water solubility) of the silages were not well correlated to either digestibility coefficients or intake. The nutritive value of good quality, well-preserved grass and legume silages was satisfactorily predicted from laboratory analyses of crude protein and cell wall components. The applicability of the equations developed in this study should be tested using a larger number of silages. Key words: Nutritive value, forages, silages, sheep

Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Probiotik dan Tepung Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) Terhadap Kecernaan dan Energi Metabolis pada Ayam Pedaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Bintang Putri ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan ◽  
Irfan H. Djunaidi
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Alternative Antibiotic ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kombinasi probiotik dan tepung belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) terhadap kecernaan dan energi metabolis pada ayam pedaging. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0(-) = pakan kontrol, P1 = probiotik 0,8% + tepung belimbing wuluh 0,25%, P2 = probiotik 0,8% + tepung belimbing wuluh 0,50%, P3 = probiotik 0,8% + tepung belimbing wuluh 0,75%. Variabel yang diukur pada penelitian ini meliputi kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan protein kasar (KcPK), energi metabolis (AME) dan energi metabolis terkoreksi nitrogen (AMEn). Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian penambahan kombinasi probiotik dan tepung belimbing wuluh memberikan pengaruh tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) pada KcBK, KcPK, AME, dan AMEn, namun jika dilihat secara numerik penambahan kombinasi probiotik dan tepung belimbing wuluh pada pemberian presentase 0,75% memberikan hasil terbaik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kombinasi probiotik dan tepung belimbing wuluh dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif antibiotik pada pakan.Kata Kunci:acidifier, energi metabolis, kecernaan, probiotik, tepung belimbing wuluhABSTRACTThe purpose of this research to determine the effect of the combination of probiotics and Averrhoa bilimbi on digestibility and metabolic energy in broilers. The method was field experiment using Completely Randomize Design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were consist of P0 (-) = control feed, P0 (+) = antibiotic (bacitracin), P1 = probiotic 0.8% + Averrhoa bilimbi0.25%, P2 = probiotic 0.8% + Averrhoa bilimbi0, 50%, P3 = probiotic 0.8% + Averrhoa bilimbi0.75%. The measured variables were dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen corrected apparet metabolizable energy (AMEn). The data were analyzed by ANOVA and continued by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result of this research showed that the addition of probiotic and Averrhoa bilimbi combination were not significantly effects (P>0,05) on dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen corrected apparet metabolizable energy (AMEn), but if when viewed numerically the combination of probiotic and Averrhoa bilimbi the addition of 0,75% gived the best result. The conclusion of this research was combination of probiotic and Averrhoa bilimbi can be used as an alternative antibiotic in feed.Keywords: acidifier,Averrhoa bilimbi, digestibility, probiotic, metabolizable energy

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document