Effect of subacute ruminal acidosis on the preference of cows for pellets containing sodium bicarbonate

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Cumby ◽  
J. C. Plaizier ◽  
I. Kyriazakis ◽  
B. W. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Diet Choice ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Over Time

Lactating cows with low rumen pH were given a choice between two test pellets during a 3-wk experiment. Intake of test pellets containing 4% sodium bicarbonate increased over time, but intake of control test pellets with an equal sodium content through inclusion of sodium chloride remained unaltered. Cows could have preferred bicarbonate pellets in order to attenuate ruminal acidosis, but increased aversion to sodium chloride cannot be excluded. Key words: Acidosis, diet choice, dairy cattle, sodium bicarbonate

scholarly journals Metagenomic Insight: Dietary Thiamine Supplementation Promoted the Growth of Carbohydrate-Associated Microorganisms and Enzymes in the Rumen of Saanen Goats Fed High-Concentrate Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Along Peng ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Hongrong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Fiber Degradation ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Carbohydrate Degradation ◽  
Ruminal Microbiota ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is often caused by feeding a high-concentrate diet in intensive ruminant production. Although previous studies have shown that dietary thiamine supplementation can effectively increase rumen pH and modify rumen fermentation, the effect of thiamine supplementation on rumen carbohydrate-related microorganisms and enzymes in goats under SARA conditions remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary thiamine supplementation on carbohydrate-associated microorganisms and enzymes in the rumen of Saanen goats fed high-concentrate diets. Nine healthy mid-lactating Saanen goats in parity 1 or 2 were randomly assigned into three treatments: A control diet (CON; concentrate:forage (30:70)), a high-concentrate diet (HC; concentrate:forage (70:30)), and a high-concentrate diet with 200 mg of thiamine/kg of DMI (HCT; concentrate:forage (70:30)). Compared with the HC group, dietary thiamine supplementation improved ruminal microbes associated with fiber, including Prevotella, Fibrobacter, Neocallimastix, and Piromyces (p < 0.05). In addition, an increase in the relative abundance of enzymes involved in both fiber degradation and starch degradation, such as CBM16, GH3, and GH97, was observed in the HCT treatment. (p < 0.05). Thus, thiamine supplementation can improve carbohydrate metabolism by increasing the abundance of the microorganisms and enzymes involved in carbohydrate degradation. In conclusion, this study revealed the relationship between ruminal microbiota and enzymes, and these findings contributed to solving the problems arising from the high-concentrate feeding in ruminant production and to providing a new perspective on ruminant health.

A Study on Occurrence and Haemato-biochemical Alterations in SARA in Cattle Treated with Different Therapeutic Regimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Thorat ◽  
S.T. Borikar ◽  
M.F.M.F. Siddiqui ◽  
S.R. Rajurkar ◽  
S.D. Moregaonkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Background: Subacute ruminal acidosis is one of the most important nutritional diseases in cattle. The consequence of feeding excessive amounts of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates in conjunction with inadequate fiber to ruminants leads to subacute ruminal acidosis. Cattles are at a high risk of developing SARA. The present research work was undertaken to study haemato-biochemical alterations in SARA affected cattle treated with different treatment regimens. Methods: Present work was done to study the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate powder, Azadirachta indica (Neem) dried leaves powder and Saccharomyces cervisiae (Yeast) in sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in cattle. Out of 148 cattle screened, 24 (16.22%) were diagnosed as SARA, 13 (56.52%) animals were in mid stage of lactation followed by early and late lactation (5 cases, 21.74% each).Result: After sodium bicarbonate treatment, animals showed changes in various haemato-biochemical parameters. However decreased neutrophils and ALT was also observed. After treatment of Azadirachta indica reduction in lymphocyte and eosinophil count was seen.

scholarly journals Impact of Feeding a Raw Soybean Hull-Condensed Corn Steep Liquor Pellet on Induced Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Lactating Cows

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 2000-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. DeFrain ◽  
J.E. Shirley ◽  
E.C. Titgemeyer ◽  
A.F. Park ◽  
R.T. Ethington
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Steep Liquor

Effects of acarbose on ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and microbial profile involved in ruminal acidosis in lactating cows fed a high-carbohydrate ration

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Blanch ◽  
Sergio Calsamiglia ◽  
Maria Devant ◽  
Alex Bach
Keyword(s):  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
High Production

The objective was to evaluate the effects of an inhibitor of α-amylase and glucosidase (acarbose, Pfizer Limited, Corby, UK) on ruminal fermentation, blood metabolism and microbial profile in dairy cows in a 2×2 cross-overexperiment. Eight Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulas (milk yield, 24·3±2·35 kg/d, body weight, 622±54 kg, days in milk, 183±67, 5 multiparous and 3 primiparous) were used. Treatments were: control (no additive, CTR) and α-amylase and glucosidase inhibitor (0·75 g acarbose-premix/cow per d, AMI). Animals were given ad-libitum access to a high non-fibre carbohydrate (NFC) partial mixed ration (PMR) containing 17·6% crude protein, 28·3% neutral detergent fibre, and 46·5% NFC in the dry matter and supplementary concentrate during milking. Blood samples were taken to determine blood glucose, insulin and urea within the first hour after the morning feeding on two separate days in each period. Samples of ruminal contents were collected during 3 d in each period at 0, 4 and 8 h after feeding to determine volatile fatty acid and ammonia-N concentrations and to quantify protozoa,Streptococcus bovisandMegasphaera elsdenii. Rumen pH was recorded electronically at 22-min intervals during 6 d in each period. Results were analysed using a mixed-effects model. Cows on AMI treatment spent less time with ruminal pH <5·6 compared with cows in the CTR group (3·74 and 6·52±0·704 h/d, respectively). Cows in the AMI group had greater daily average pH compared with those in the CTR group (6·05 and 5·92±0·042, respectively). AMI animals tended (P=0·09) to have lowerStr. bovistoMeg. elsdeniiratio than CTR (4·09 and 26·8±12·0, respectively). These results indicate that dietary supplementation with acarbose in dairy cattle fed high-production rations may be effective in reducing the time for which rumen pH is suboptimal, with no negative effects on ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites.

scholarly journals Subacute Ruminal Acidosis and Evaluation of Blood Gas Analysis in Dairy Cow

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Gianesella ◽  
Massimo Morgante ◽  
Chiara Cannizzo ◽  
Annalisa Stefani ◽  
Paolo Dalvit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) corresponds to an imbalance between lactate-producing bacteria and lactate-using bacteria, which results in a change in ruminal pH associated with a prevalent consumption of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates. In our study, 216 primiparus and multiparus dairy cows were selected from 20 Italian intensive dairy herds and were divided into three groups based on the risk of SARA. All the dairy cows had high average milk production. After blood sampling, a complete blood gas analysis was performed. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the three groups. Cont, PC, blood pH, Hb, urinary pH, and rumen pH were significantly lower in cows with rumen . These results indicate that blood gas analysis is a valuable tool to diagnose acidosis in dairy cows because it provides good assessment of acidosis while being less invasive than rumen pH analysis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of diagnostic measures for subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Li ◽  
G. N. Gozho ◽  
N. Gakhar ◽  
E. Khafipour ◽  
D. O. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Rumen Ph

Li, S., Gozho, G. N., Gakhar, N., Khafipour, E., Krause, D. O. and Plaizier, J. C. 2012. Evaluation of diagnostic measures for subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows. Can J. Anim. Sci. 92: 353–364. Effects of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) challenges on measurements of feces, urine, milk and blood samples, and of feeding behavior were investigated to determine which of these measurements may aid in the diagnosis of SARA. Eight multiparous lactating dairy cows were used in a crossover design with two 6-wk experimental periods. During weeks 1, 2, and 6, cows received a control diet with a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 58:42. During weeks 3 to wk 5, a grain-based SARA challenge (GBSC) or an alfalfa-pellet SARA challenge (APSC) was conducted by replacing 12% of the dry matter of the control ration with pellets containing 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley, and by replacing 26% of the dry matter of the control ration with pellets of ground alfalfa, respectively. The rumen pH depression did not differ between the challenges. The GBSC increased the concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in feces and of serum amyloid A in blood, but decreased that of milk fat and urea in blood. The APSC increased the urine pH, the net-acid-base excretion, and the red blood cell count and potassium concentration in blood. Both challenges increased the concentrations of LPS and propionate in rumen fluid, protein in milk, glucose, lactate and sodium and the partial pressure of CO2in blood, and tended to decrease the concentration of chloride in blood. The measures that were similarly affected by both challenges may aid in the diagnosis of a rumen pH depression. Differences between the SARA challenges suggest that this disorder is not solely rumen pH dependent.

THE EFFECT OF SODIUM BICARBONATE, SODIUM BICARBONATE PLUS MAGNESIUM OXIDE OR BENTONITE ON THE INTAKE OF CORN SILAGE BY LACTATING COWS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
V. G. MacKAY
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Rumen Ph

Four trials, each employing 10 cows were designed as 2 × 2 latin squares, with each experimental period consisting of a 1-wk preliminary period and a 4-wk period for data collection. The objective of the experiments was to determine the effectiveness of either sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), NaHCO3 plus magnesium oxide (MgO) or bentonite as buffers when they were mixed with corn silage just prior to feeding. The treatments compared were: Trial I, control vs. NaHCO3 (180 g·cow−1·day−1); Trial II, control vs. bentonite (300 g·cow−1·day−1); Trial III, control vs. NaHCO3 (180 g·cow−1·day−1) plus magnesium oxide (MgO, 60 g·cow−1·day−1) and Trial IV, NaHCO3 (180 g·cow−1·day−1) vs. bentonite (300 g·cow−1·day−1). Silage dry matter intakes (SDMI) were 10.61 vs. 10.93 and milk yields were 26.6 vs. 29.3 kg/day for control vs. NaHCO3 in Trial I; 10.03 vs. 10.39, and 29.5 vs. 30.1 for control vs. bentonite in trial II; 10.62 vs. 10.69, and 23.6 vs. 24.7 for control vs. NaHCO3 + MgO in Trial III and 11.49 vs. 10.79, and 29.4 vs. 29.5 for NaHCO3 vs. bentonite in Trial IV. In the latter trial cows fed silage supplemented with bentonite had significantly lower milk fat and protein percentages and rumen pH compared to those supplemented with NaHCO3. Similarly in Trial II cows fed bentonite had lower rumen pH and milk protein percentage than the control cows. It was concluded the bentonite did not act as a buffer and was not beneficial when added to corn silage just prior to feeding. NaHCO3 improved milk yield in one trial and milk fat percentage but the degree of response did not warrant its routine use as a supplement to corn silage. Key words: NaHCO3, MgO, bentonite, corn silage, lactating cows, buffers

scholarly journals Vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels in blood of dairy cows during subacute ruminal acidosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cannizzo ◽  
M. Gianesella ◽  
S. Casella ◽  
E. Giudice ◽  
A. Stefani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group B

Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the variations of vitamin B12 and homocysteine in blood of dairy cows during subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). On 228 subjects ruminal liquid was collected through rumenocentesis technique and rumen pH was immediately measured by a portable pH-meter. On the basis of pH values all cows were classified (bovine class) in Group A (animals with rumen pH>5.7), Group B (animals with rumen pH between 5.6 and 5.7) and Group C (animals with rumen pH<5.6). In relation to the acidosis risk depending on the rumen pH (herd class), the herds were classified in Group 1 (normal herds: less than 33 % cows with rumen pH<5.8), Group 2 (critical herds: more than 33 % cows with rumen pH between 5.5 and 5.8) and Group 3 (acidosis herds: more than 33 % cows with rumen pH<5.5). On blood samples, collected by jugular venipuncture, vitamin B12 and homocysteine were measured by chemiluminescent immunological tests. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Bonferroni test, showed significant differences (P<0.05) for vitamin B12 in bovine class and significant differences (P<0.05) for homocysteine in herd class. The influence of rumen pH values resulted in adequate vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels to meet microbial and cow requirements and fatty acids modifications in dairy cows affected by SARA. Moreover, the increase of vitamin B12 could be due to the presence of analogues which interfere with the transport of the vitamin. These findings provide more information on blood modifications during SARA.

scholarly journals The Effects of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis on Sodium Bicarbonate-Supplemented Water Intake for Lactating Dairy Cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 2248-2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cottee ◽  
I. Kyriazakis ◽  
T.M. Widowski ◽  
M.I. Lindinger ◽  
J.P. Cant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) and subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) on feed intake, fermentation and nutrient digestibilities in lactating dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Khalouei ◽  
Vidura Seneratne ◽  
Kelsey Fehr ◽  
junfei Guo ◽  
Ilkyu Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Cedar Rapids ◽  
Starch Diet

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) and subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) on rumen and hindgut fermentation, feed intake, and total tract nutrient digestibilities were determined in 32 lactating Holstein cows between wk 4 to wk 9 of lactation. Treatments included Control, 14 g/d Diamond V Original XPC™ (SCFPa, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA), 19 g/d NutriTek® (SCFPb-1X, Diamond V), and 38 g/d NutriTek® (SCFPb-2X). During wk 5 and wk 8, SARA challenges were conducted by switching from a 18.6 to a 27.9 % DM starch diet. This reduced the rumen and feces pH. The durations of the rumen pH below 5.6 during these challenges averaged 175.0, 233.8, 246.9, and 79.3 min/d for the Control, SCFPa, SCFPb-1X and SCFPb-2X treatments, respectively. Hence, SARA was not induced under the SCFPb-2X treatment. The feces pH during the SARA challenges was lowest during SCFPb-2X, suggesting this treatment shifted fermentation from the rumen to the hindgut. The SARA challenges reduced the total tract digestibility of DM, NDF (NDFd), and P, but tended to increase that of starch. The SCFPb-2X treatment increased the NDFd from 52.7 to 61.8 % (P < 0.05). The SCFPb-2X treatment attenuated impacts of SARA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document