Application of pig growth models in commercial pork production

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. M. de Lange ◽  
B. J. Marty ◽  
S. Birkett ◽  
P. Morel ◽  
B. Szkotnicki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Key Words Pig ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
Alternative Feeding

Pig growth models can be useful tools for identifying optimum management strategies for individual grower-finisher pig units, by integrating knowledge of nutrient utilization for growth and animal-environment interactions into one system. In addition, these models can be used to demonstrate basic principles of nutrient utilization for growth in the pig, to examine “what-if” scenarios, to aid in the development of pig breeding programs and to develop effective research programs. Models used in commercial pork production should represent the biology of growth in the pig and should be flexible, so that they can be focused easily on the needs and special conditions pertaining to particular growing–finishing pig units. For proper application of pig growth models in practice, pig units should be characterized reasonably accurately. This applies in particular to the upper limit to body protein deposition that pigs can achieve under practical conditions, feed intake at various stages of growth and the alternative feeding strategies that can be considered. Some illustrative examples of the commercial application of a pig growth model under Canadian conditions are provided. Key words: Pig, growth, models, application

scholarly journals Subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in pork production: Risks and alternatives

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Adjiri-Awere ◽  
Theodore A. Van Lunen
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Key Words Pig

The purpose of this review is to discuss the issue of subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in pork production and possible alternatives. Specifically, the review describes the potential problem of antibiotic resistance and reviews disease prevention and immune potentiation strategies as alternatives to subtherapeutic antibiotics. In recent years, the use of in-feed subtherapeutic antibiotics by the pork industry for growth promotion and disease prophylaxis has come under increased scrutiny. The potential risk of bacteria acquiring resistance to specific antibiotics and the detrimental effects that this may have on human health has resulted in the banning of certain antibiotics in some European countries. Despite the current interest in the reduction or elimination of subtherapeutic antibiotic use in livestock production, there may be a risk that such a reduction or elimination would have negative effects on animal welfare, nutrient utilization, manure production and economic sustainability. A number of alternatives to subtherapeutic antibiotics appear promising; however, more research is required before they can be considered viable commercial products. Consequently, a systems approach involving nutrition, bacteriology, immunology, pathology and herd management is needed to find a cost-effective and practical way to maximize the efficient production of high-quality pork without the use of subtherapeutic antibiotics. Key words: Pig, pork production, subtherapeutic antibiotics, alternatives

scholarly journals PSIV-15 Development of a modelling framework to account for P kinetics in growing and finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
Maciej M Misiura ◽  
Joao A N Filipe ◽  
Carrie L Walk ◽  
Ilias Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Body Tissues

Abstract Key underlying assumptions of current pig growth models, developed in the context of nutritionally balanced feeds, may be invalid for pigs given inadequate dietary phosphorous (P). To account for pig performance on feeds of different P content, a dynamic, mechanistic growth model was developed where ingested P is allocated to either soft tissue or skeletal tissue. The following issues needed to be addressed: 1) potential impact of different dietary P concentrations on feed intake; 2) estimation of the whole-body protein (Pr):P relationship; 3) allocation of ingested P into different body tissues. Statistical analyses of the published literature data, utilising meta-regression indicated the following answers: 1) there was no compensatory feed consumption in pigs fed P-deficient diets (p > 0.05); 2) the whole-body Pr:P relationship was feed-dependent, i.e., body P was directly proportional to body Pr in pigs fed P-adequate diets but lower in pigs fed P-deficient diets; 3) P retention in the soft tissue was prioritised over P deposition in bone when the dietary P was low (p < 0.001). A growth model incorporating mechanisms based on the above data analyses suggests that pigs given P-limiting feeds attempt to maintain the same level of lean tissue retention attained with a P-balanced diet, but at the expense of reduced skeletal deposition. Specifically, bone P growth was reduced in relation to a balanced-diet for moderately-P-deficient diets, and static for severely-P-deficient diets. The overall average daily gain remained largely unaffected for moderately-P-deficient pigs. The present in-silico framework of P kinetics could be utilised to study the consequences of different P feeding strategies on animal growth and body composition, and to verify whether further reduction in dietary P requirements could be achieved with no loss in animal performance.

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Livestock Production: Estimation of Methane Emissions and Dietary Interventions for Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6081
Author(s):  
Pragna Prathap ◽  
Surinder Singh Chauhan ◽  
Brian J. Leury ◽  
Jeremy James Cottrell ◽  
Frank Rowland Dunshea
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Routine Basis

The increasing need for sustainable livestock production demands more research in the field of greenhouse gas (GHG), particularly methane (CH4), measurement and mitigation. Dietary interventions, management, and biotechnological strategies to reduce the environmental impacts and economic implications of enteric CH4 emissions are needed. While the use of biotechnological interventions and management strategies can be challenging on a routine basis, feed additive supplementation appears to be the most researched, developed, and ready to use strategy to mitigate enteric CH4 emissions. This paper discusses various recently developed feeding strategies to reduce enteric CH4 emissions in livestock. Additionally, the manuscript reviews various technologies developed for CH4 estimation since the accurate and reliable estimation of CH4 emissions can be a limiting step in the development and adoption of any mitigation strategy.

Gestational and lactational feeding strategies for gilts: Growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the progeny

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fortin ◽  
E. J. Clowes ◽  
A. L. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

This study was conducted to determine whether feeding gilts (1) at or above their National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC 1998) requirements during gestation, and (2) to lose a moderate (~10%) or large (~17%) amount of maternal protein during lactation had a residual effect on their progeny’s growth, carcass characteristics and pork quality at market weight. From each litter, the heaviest and lightest barrows and gilts were selected. The progeny of gilts fed above their requirements during gestation, and those that lost the least body protein during lactation were heavier at weaning; +0.3 kg (P < 0.05) and +0.5 kg (P = 0.01), respectively. However, these liveweight differences, which were associated with the gestation and lactation effects, were no longer evident (P > 0.05) at day 35 or 85 post-weaning. But at slaughter, these animals had thinner (P < 0.01) fat thickness and higher (P < 0.05) predicted salable meat yield. Independently of the gestation and lactation treatments, and compared to the low-weaning-weight pigs, the high- weaning-weight pigs maintained their weight advantage (P < 0.01 at day 35 (+ 2.8 kg) and day 85 (+ 5.4 kg) post-weaning), took 4.5 fewer days (P < 0.01) to reach market weight, but had similar (P > 0.05) carcass characteristics and pork quality. Key words: Gilts, gestational and lactational protein, litter, growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality

Assessment of Soybeans Crop Management Strategies Using Crop Growth Models for Central Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 525-543
Author(s):  
Rafael Battisti ◽  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
Jéssica Sousa Paixão ◽  
José Alves Júnior ◽  
Adão Wagner Pêgo Evangelista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Crop Growth Models

scholarly journals The effect of alternative feeding strategies for broiler breeder pullets: 1. Welfare and performance during rearing

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 3377-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Arrazola ◽  
Elyse Mosco ◽  
Tina M Widowski ◽  
Michele T Guerin ◽  
Elijah G Kiarie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Alternative Feeding

Towards a chain coordination model for quality management strategies to strengthen the competitiveness of European pork producers

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detert Brinkmann ◽  
Juliane Lang ◽  
Brigitte Petersen ◽  
Nel Wognum ◽  
Jacques Trienekens
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Coordination Model ◽  
A Chain ◽  
And Control

This paper presents a new chain coordination model for quality management strategies of European pork supply chains. It is a result of qualitative research into intensive and extensive pork production in seven selected countries consisting of a literature review, country-specific expert interviews and case studies. The model defines strategic roles and responsibilities for quality management actors on normative, strategic and operational levels and groups these actors into the categories certification, coordination and control. New actors have been defined for the category 'coordination of quality management strategies': the chain quality board (normative), the network coordinator (strategic) and the quality broker (operational level). The proposed concept of a quality broker represents an innovative approach to facilitate implementation of coordination mechanisms in pork supply chains. In addition, coordination mechanisms have been defined and classified under the headings contracts, information technology, information sharing and joint decision making. The model represents an organizational concept applicable to a broad diversity of pork supply chains. It is intended to facilitate the establishment and management of quality management strategies to strengthen the competitiveness of European pork producers.

Alternative Feeding Strategies and Potential Disease Transmission in Wisconsin White-Tailed Deer

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbey K. Thompson ◽  
Michael D. Samuel ◽  
Timothy R. Van Deelen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Alternative Feeding
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