scholarly journals Maritimes Basin evolution: key geologic and seismic evidence from the Moncton Subbasin of New Brunswick

10.4138/2010 ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. St. Peter
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Basin Evolution ◽  
Maritimes Basin

Sequence stratigraphy of the late Carboniferous Clifton Formation, New Brunswick

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1289-1304
Author(s):  
Brandon M. Keough ◽  
Olivia A. King ◽  
Matthew R. Stimson ◽  
Page C. Quinton ◽  
Michael C. Rygel
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Marine Strata ◽  
Stratigraphic Framework ◽  
Carbonaceous Shales ◽  
Study Interval ◽  
Maritimes Basin ◽  
Sequence Boundaries ◽  
Maximum Flooding Surface

The Maritimes Basin of Atlantic Canada contains a rich record of Pennsylvanian cyclothems. Previous studies have focused on rapidly subsiding depocenters in the central part of the basin where Carboniferous successions feature cyclic alternations between terrestrial and marginal marine strata. In contrast, the Pennsylvanian Clifton Formation was deposited on the relatively stable New Brunswick platform and contains almost entirely terrestrial strata. Although early studies of the Clifton Formation noted a cyclic architecture, particularly within Member B, this unit has remained understudied. We provide a sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic framework for the lower 85 m of Member B and interpret our results relative to a broader regional framework. Near the base of the study interval, the highstand systems tract is composed of red floodplain mudrocks; overlying sequence boundaries are composed of calcretes and (or) channels. The transgressive systems tract and maximum flooding surface are represented by coals and aquatic bivalve-bearing mudrocks. Moving upward through the section, the architecture of the highstand systems tract remains largely unchanged while sequence-bounding paleosols become less well developed, the transgressive systems tract becomes thinner and eventually not preserved, and the maximum flooding surface is only occasionally preserved, possibly represented by carbonaceous shales. These changes in cyclic architecture may be attributed to changes in the magnitude of glacioeustatic fluctuations, climate, and (or) the accommodation/sediment supply ratio. The results of this study show that the Clifton Formation represents the terrestrial/proximal endmember for cyclicity in the Maritimes Basin and provide new insight into paleotopography as a possible control on cyclothem architecture.

Carboniferous tetrapod footprint biostratigraphy, biochronology and evolutionary events

2021 ◽  
pp. SP512-2020-235
Author(s):  
Spencer G. Lucas ◽  
Matthew R. Stimson ◽  
Olivia A. King ◽  
John H. Calder ◽  
Chris F. Mansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Middle Devonian ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Maritimes Basin ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe Carboniferous record of tetrapod footprints is mostly of Euramerican origin and provides the basis for a footprint biostratigraphy and biochronology of Carboniferous time that identifies four tetrapod footprint biochrons: (1) stem-tetrapod biochron of Middle Devonian-early Tournaisian age; (2) Hylopus biochron of middle-Tournaisian-early Bashkirian age; (3) Notalacerta-Dromopus interval biochron of early Bashkirian-Kasimovian age; and (4) Dromopus biochron of Kasimovian-early Permian age. Particularly significant is the Carboniferous tetrapod footprint record of the Maritimes basin of eastern Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island), which encompasses well-dated and stratigraphically superposed footprint assemblages of Early Mississippian-early Permian age. The Carboniferous tetrapod footprint record provides these important biostratigraphic datums: (1) oldest temnospondyls (middle Tournaisian); (2) oldest reptiliomorphs, likely anthracosaurs (middle Tournaisian); (3) oldest amniotes (early Bashkirian); and (4) oldest high fiber herbivores (Bashkirian). Carboniferous tetrapod footprints thus provide significant insight into some major events of the Carboniferous evolution of tetrapods.

scholarly journals Paleotethyan faunal/floral evidence in the Mississippian Maritimes Basin of Canada: An overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Pedro Cózar ◽  
Ian D. Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Rheic Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Logical Connection ◽  
Maritimes Basin

Abstract In this study, middle to late Mississippian microfossil assemblages from the Maritimes Basin of eastern Canada (Nova Scotia, SW Newfoundland, and New Brunswick) are closely compared to those from Western Paleotethys basins. The comparison is focused mainly on foraminifers and calcareous algae. Most foraminifers and algae described from the Maritimes Basin are considered cosmopolitan, and the occurrence in western Europe and northern Africa of taxa previously considered endemic to the North America Realm suggests a close paleobiogeographic relationship. This European/African correlation is further supported by other foraminiferal/algal taxa, the importance of which were previously overlooked, including: Plectogyranopsis ex gr. P. hirosei (Okimura, 1965), Mikhailovella Ganelina, 1956, Koktjubina windsorensis (Mamet, 1970), Polysphaerinella bulla Mamet, 1973, Mstinia Dain in Dain and Grozdilova, 1953, Haplophragmina Reitlinger, 1950, Omphalotis Shlykova, 1969, Pseudolituotuba Vdovenko, 1971, Pseudoendothyra Mikhailov, 1939, Saccamminopsis (Sollas, 1921) Vachard and Cózar, 2003, Kamaenella Mamet and Roux, 1974, and Anthracoporellopsis Maslov, 1956. Some species recorded in the Maritimes Basin have been typically recorded in Britain and Ireland in the southern platform of Laurussia. This implies a connection via the Rhenohercynian Ocean, whereas statistical analyses suggest that Maritimes Basin assemblages are closer to those of the Gondwana platform, which could have been established via the Paleotethys Ocean, and also with terranes northwest of the Variscan Front, in which its most logical connection should be with a still-open Rheic Ocean during the Visean and early Serpukhovian. Those taxa demonstrate a more-or-less continuous faunal and microfloral interchange between the Maritimes Basin and the Western Paleotethys paleobiogeographic realm. Furthermore, the width of the Paleotethys and Rheic oceans separating these regions is not considered excessive, particularly during the late Visean and early Serpukhovian.

Petrochemistry and tectonic significance of Carboniferous volcanic rocks in New Brunswick

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1243-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Fyffe ◽  
S. M. Barr
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Basaltic Composition ◽  
Tectonic Significance ◽  
Maritimes Basin ◽  
Alkalic Basalts

Carboniferous volcanic rocks from the New Brunswick Platform in the Maritimes Basin are divided into three age groups. Late Tournaisian to early Visean volcanic rocks are tholeiitic basalts and andesites that, in southern New Brunswick, are inter-bedded with abundant calc-alkalic rhyolite. Late Visean to Namurian volcanic rocks consist of an interbedded sequence of alkalic basalts and trachyandesites. Late Westphalian volcanic rocks change in composition up section from trachyte to peralkalic rhyolite. All three age groups display petrochemical features indicative of an intraplate tectonic setting. The volcanic geochemistry is consistent with the development of the Maritimes Basin either as a failed rift formed along the margin of a late Paleozoic ocean or as a rhomb graben formed within a transcurrent zone; the former model is preferred. The change in basaltic composition from tholeiitic to alkalic apparently coincided with a decrease in rate of extension between the Tournaisian and Namurian. Local peralkalic volcanism occurred during regional sagging of the basin as extension ceased and basement rocks cooled in the Late Carboniferous.

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