scholarly journals A New Technique for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Rat Pups

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. JEN.S26182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rodríguez-Fanjul ◽  
Cristina Durán Fernández-Feijóo ◽  
Marta Camprubí Camprubí
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
S100β Protein ◽  
A New Technique

Background Neuroprotective strategies to prevent or decrease brain injury in hypoxic ischemic newborns are one of the main research lines in neonatology. Animal models have been used to assess the efficiency of new therapeutic strategies. Brain damage biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are frequently used to evaluate the outcome at the bedside. Despite the importance of this approach in clinical practice, there are many difficulties in using it in small animals. The aim of this paper was to describe a new technique for collecting CSF in rat pups. Furthermore the reference values of S100β protein levels, commonly used in common clinical practice, were analyzed in animals between 7 to 12 days. Methods 42 Wistar rat pups aged 7 to 12 days were used. CSF was obtained by direct puncture of the cisterna magna with a 24-gauge needle. S100β protein levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results CSF was successfully obtained in 96% of the cases, with an average amount of 21.28 μl (5–40 μl). Normal values for S100β were described. HI animals presented higher S100β values than controls. Conclusions A simple, reproducible technique for CSF collection in rat pups has been described. This new method will allow study of brain injury biomarkers in newborn hypoxic ischemic animal models.

scholarly journals Quantification of Poly(ADP-Ribose)-Modified Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Infants and Children after Traumatic Brain Injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1523-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ericka L Fink ◽  
Yichen Lai ◽  
Xiaopeng Zhang ◽  
Keri Janesko-Feldman ◽  
P David Adelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Parp Activation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Modified Proteins ◽  
Pediatric Tbi

Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PAR) of proteins by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) occurs after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) and modulates neurologic outcome. Several promising pharmacological PARP inhibitors have been developed for use in humans, but there is currently no clinically relevant means of monitoring treatment effects. We therefore used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure PAR-modified proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cerebrospinal fluid samples from 17 pediatric TBI patients and 15 controls were plated overnight and then incubated with polyclonal antibody against PAR. Histone-1, a PARP substrate, was incubated with active PARP, NAD, and nicked DNA, and served as the standard. Both peak and mean CSF PAR-modified proteins were increased in TBI patients versus controls. Peak CSF PAR-modified protein levels occurred on day 1 and levels remained increased on day 2 after TBI. Increases in peak CSF PAR-modified protein concentrations were independently associated with age and male sex, but not initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, Glasgow outcome score, or mechanism of injury. The increase in PAR-modified proteins in CSF after TBI may be because of increased PARP activation, decreased PAR degradation, or both. As PAR-modified protein concentration correlated with age and male sex, developmental and sex-dependent roles for PARP after TBI are implicated.

A New Technique in Quantitative Immunohematology: Solid-Phase Kinetic Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 440-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Spitalnik ◽  
J. Cowles ◽  
M.T. Cox ◽  
D. Baker ◽  
J. Holt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
A New Technique

scholarly journals A beacon in the cytoplasm: Tracking translation of single mRNAs

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema V. Pingali ◽  
Angela K. Hilliker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Control Protein

Translation is carefully regulated to control protein levels and allow quick responses to changes in the environment. Certain questions about translation in vivo have been unattainable until now. In this issue, Pichon et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201605024) describe a new technique to allow real-time monitoring of translation on single mRNAs.

External frontal sinusotomy and endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistula in the posterior wall: preliminary report of a new technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
pp. 802-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Thulasi Das ◽  
D Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Endoscopic Repair ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks ◽  
A New Technique

AbstractIntroduction:Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea is the abnormal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into the nasal cavity. The posterior wall of the frontal sinus can be the site of such leakage. Traditionally, these leaks were repaired via external osteoplastic or neurosurgical approaches. Despite advances in instrumentation, it is difficult to manage superiorly or laterally placed defects endoscopically. We present a new technique of endoscopic repair of frontal sinus posterior wall defects, via access holes drilled in the anterior wall of the frontal sinus.Study design:Preliminary study involving patients presenting with frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks, with defects in the frontal sinus posterior wall, between 2006 and 2010.Setting:Patients were treated in a tertiary referral centre for nose and sinus diseases. Patient records were reviewed and analysed.Results:Nine patients underwent external frontal sinusotomy under endoscopic vision. Repair was successful in all cases, with no complications. Follow up ranged from three months to three years.Conclusion:External frontal sinusotomy and endoscopic repair is a simple, precise and cosmetically acceptable alternative to osteoplastic and major neurosurgical techniques for management of frontal sinus posterior wall defects. This new, previously undescribed technique enables otolaryngologists to play a role in managing such defects.

Brain injury biomarkers in the critically ill

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Kochanek ◽  
Rachel P. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Secondary Injury ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
The Brain

A variety of biomarkers of brain injury are being developed in neurocritical care to study secondary injury pathways or aid in diagnostic, prognostic, and/or theragnostic applications. This chapter focuses largely on brain injury biomarkers that can be detected in serum or cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with acute critical brain injury of various causes. Much of the work has been carried using biomarkers of proteins that are relatively unique to the brain, and that reflect damage to important cellular constituents such as neurons, astroycytes, or axons. Novel approaches that employ a panel of markers or novel analytic methods such as trajectory analysis may optimize the utility of these biomarkers in clinical practice. We anticipate that there will soon be one or more protein biomarkers of brain injury available for clinical use.

Role of cerebrospinal fluid tau protein levels as a biomarker of brain injury in Pediatric Status Epilepticus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shivanjali Sood ◽  
Chandrika Azad ◽  
Jasbinder Kaur ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Vishal Guglani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Protein Levels

Intrathecal Baclofen after Traumatic Brain Injury: Early Treatment Using a New Technique to Prevent Spasticity

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Fran??ois ◽  
Philippe Vacher ◽  
J??rome Roustan ◽  
Jean-Yves Salle ◽  
Jackie Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Intrathecal Baclofen ◽  
New Technique ◽  
A New Technique
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