scholarly journals Candida Parapsilosis Endocarditis in a Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infant Successfully Treated with the Association of Caspofungin and Voriconazole

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. IDRT.S895
Author(s):  
Vanessa A. Aguiare Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Ordones Lopes ◽  
Orlei Ribeiro De Araújo ◽  
Valeska A. Schauer Aguiare
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infant ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Surgical Removal

Objectives To report a case in where a mural endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis was successfully treated with the combination of 2 antifungal agents, caspofungin and voriconazole, in an extremely premature infant. Description A female infant born at 30.7 weeks with weight 925 g. The infant had a pneumothorax and respiratory distress syndrome, requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation, 1 venous umbilical and 3 central catheters, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. At 51 days of life, an echocardiogram showed an image compatible with fungal vegetation on the junction of the superior vena cava to the right atrium. Blood cultures grew Candida parapsilosis in various sequential samples, despite treatment with fluconazole and amphotericin-B and in vitro sensitivity to these drugs. A treatment of combined voriconazole and caspofungin was initiated resulting in clinical improvement and no need for surgical removal of vegetation. Comments Combined therapy with newer antifungal agents can be life-saving in premature infants with Candida parapsilosis complicated sepsis.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of SCY-078 and Standard Antifungal Agents against 178 Clinical Isolates of Resistant and Susceptible Candida Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiley A. Schell ◽  
A. M. Jones ◽  
Katyna Borroto-Esoda ◽  
Barbara D. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Resistance ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Candida Lusitaniae

ABSTRACT SCY-078 in vitro activity was determined for 178 isolates of resistant or susceptible Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae, and Candida parapsilosis, including 44 Candida isolates with known genotypic (FKS1 or FKS2 mutations), phenotypic, or clinical resistance to echinocandins. Results were compared to those for anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, fluconazole, and voriconazole. SCY-078 was shown to have excellent activity against both wild-type isolates and echinocandin- and azole-resistant isolates of Candida species.

Superior vena cava (SVC) filters placed over central lines – analysis of line trapping and difficulties with line retrieval: an in-vitro experimental study

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge E Lopera ◽  
Murray Shapiro ◽  
Darlene Sanchez ◽  
Carolina Maya ◽  
Ghazwan Kroma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Central Lines

Distribution of Hepatic Venous Blood in the Total Cavo Pulmonary Connection: An In Vitro Study Into the Effects of Connection Geometry

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Walker ◽  
Ghanem F. Oweis ◽  
Kevin G. Watterson
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Zero Offset

The total cavo pulmonary connection, or TCPC, is a surgical correction to congenital heart defects. The geometry of this connection has been shown to determine the fluid power loss as well as the distribution of hepatic fluid that enters through the inferior vena cava. In vitro studies were performed to measure the power loss and hepatic fluid distribution in models of the TCPC with four different geometries. It was found that a zero offset straight geometry provided good hepatic fluid distribution but large power loss. A zero offset flared geometry provided low power loss but poor hepatic fluid distribution. The optimal geometry from those tested was found to be the zero offset cowl geometry whereby an enlargement was made on one side of the inferior and superior vena cava. So long as the cowl was directed toward the pulmonary artery of lowest flow rate, low power loss and relatively good distribution of hepatic flow could be obtained.

The Zero-Stress State of Rat Veins and Vena Cava

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Xie ◽  
S. Q. Liu ◽  
R. F. Yang ◽  
Y. C. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Environment Change

The zero-stress state of a vein is, like that of an artery, not a closed cylindrical tube, but is a series of segments whose cross-sections are open sectors. An opening angle of each sector is defined as the angle subtended between two radii joining the midpoint of the inner wall to the tips of the inner wall. Data on the opening angles (mean ± standard deviation) of the veins and vena cava of the rat are presented. For the superior vena cava and subclavian, jugular, facial, renal, common iliac, saphenous, and plantar veins, the opening angle varies in the range of 25 to 75 deg. The inferior vena cava (below the heart), however, has noncircular, nonaxisymmetric cross-sections, a curved axis, and a rapid longitudinal variation of its “diameter;” its zero-stress state is not circular sectors; but the opening angle is still a useful characterization. The mean opening angle of the interior vena cava varies in the range of 40 to 150 deg in the thoracic portion, and 75 to 130 deg in the abdominal portion, with the larger values occurring about the middle of each portion. There are considerable length, diameter reductions, and wall thickening of the vena cava from the homeostatic state to the no-load state in vitro. Physically, the zero-stress state is the basis of the stress analysis of blood vessels. The change of opening angle is a convenient parameter to characterize any nonuniform remodeling of the vessel wall due to changes in physical stress or chemical environment. Change of zerostress state influences the compliance and collapsibility of the viens, their pressure-volume and pressure-flow relationships, the waterfall phenomenon, and the tone in the vascular smooth muscles if the homeostatic stress is changed.

Fluconazole, caspofungin, voriconazole in combination with amphotericin B

Open Medicine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Kalkanci ◽  
Murat Dizbay ◽  
Nuran Sari ◽  
Burce Yalcin ◽  
Isil Fidan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Combination Test

AbstractCombined antifungal therapy has been suggested to enhance the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of antifungal agents. The aim of the study was to investigate the in vitro synergistic activity of caspofungin, voriconazole, and fluconazole with amphotericin B against ten isolates of Candida parapsilosis and Candida albicans strains which were resistant to azoles or amphotericin B. Three different antifungal combinations (amphotericin B [AP] — caspofungin [CS], amphotericin B — fluconazole [FL], and AP — voriconazole [VO]) were evaluated for in vitro synergistic effect by the microdilution checkerboard and E-test methods. For the majority of strains, the combination test showed indifferent activity. Via the E-test method, synergistic activity was seen in 3 strains in response to AP-CS combination treatment and in one strain after administration of AP-FL; however, no synergy was observed in response to combination treatment with P-VO. Antagonistic activity was the result in 1 strain treated with AP-CS as well as in 6 strains treated with AP-FL and AP-VO combinations. Via the microdilution test, no synergistic activity was seen after treatment with all 3 combinations. Antagonistic activity was the result in 2 strains with AP-CS, in 6 strains with AP-VO and in 5 strains with AP-FL combinations. Agreement between the checkerboard and E-test methods was observed to be approximately 72%. These combinations may be used in the case of antifungal resistance.

scholarly journals Efficacy of gefitinib and radiotherapy combination in Indonesian patients with lung adenocarcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Elisna Syahruddin ◽  
Aida Lufti Huswatun ◽  
Ari Prabowo ◽  
Jamal Zaini ◽  
Fariz Nurwidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Point Mutation ◽  
Egfr Mutation ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Radio Therapy ◽  
Egfr Mutant

Abstract Introduction. Combinations of gefitinib and radiotherapy have been observed to have synergistic and anti-proliferative effects on lung cancer in vitro. In the clinical setting, patients who presented with respiratory difficulties such as superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS), radiotherapy should be given immediately to address the emergency while waiting for the results of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation test. However, there has been no study that described the role of radio-therapy in Indonesian patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Methods. This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of gefitinib and radiotherapy combination in lung adenocarcinoma patients in Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Subjects were consecutively recruited between January 2013 and December 2016. Results. Thirty-one lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations were enrolled. Most of them were male (51.61%) with a median age of 54.5 years old (range 38-70 years old). EGFR mutation characteristics were on exon 21 L858R point mutation (61.30%), exon 21 L861Q point mutation (16.12%) and exon 19 deletion (22.58%). Radiotherapy was given at doses between 30-60 Gy. Among these subjects, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 185 days (95%CI; 123.69 – 246.30), 1-year survival rate (1-yr) was 45.2%, and median overall survival (OS) was 300 days (95%CI; 130.94 – 469.06). There were no grade 3/4 hematological and nonhematological toxicities recorded. The most frequent grade 1 and 2 non-hematological toxicities were skin rash, diarrhea, and paronychia that might be related to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Conclusion. The combination of TKI with radiation may be considered in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma subjects.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Ionic Models to Fit Tissue Action Potentials: Application to 3D Atrial Modelling

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Al Abed ◽  
Tianruo Guo ◽  
Nigel H. Lovell ◽  
Socrates Dokos
Keyword(s):  
Action Potentials ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Ionic Current ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Ionic Model ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties

A 3D model of atrial electrical activity has been developed with spatially heterogeneous electrophysiological properties. The atrial geometry, reconstructed from the male Visible Human dataset, included gross anatomical features such as the central and peripheral sinoatrial node (SAN), intra-atrial connections, pulmonary veins, inferior and superior vena cava, and the coronary sinus. Membrane potentials of myocytes from spontaneously active or electrically pacedin vitrorabbit cardiac tissue preparations were recorded using intracellular glass microelectrodes. Action potentials of central and peripheral SAN, right and left atrial, and pulmonary vein myocytes were each fitted using a generic ionic model having three phenomenological ionic current components: one time-dependent inward, one time-dependent outward, and one leakage current. To bridge the gap between the single-cell ionic models and the gross electrical behaviour of the 3D whole-atrial model, a simplified 2D tissue disc with heterogeneous regions was optimised to arrive at parameters for each cell type under electrotonic load. Parameters were then incorporated into the 3D atrial model, which as a result exhibited a spontaneously active SAN able to rhythmically excite the atria. The tissue-based optimisation of ionic models and the modelling process outlined are generic and applicable to image-based computer reconstruction and simulation of excitable tissue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document