Human Prenatal Small Intestine Cells as a Valuable Source of Stem Cells and Epithelial Cells: Phenotypic and Functional Characterization

2014 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gonzalez ◽  
Rami Nasrallah ◽  
Toai Nguyen ◽  
Anasua Kusari ◽  
Kelly Burgee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Valuable Source

scholarly journals Robust Three-dimensional (3D) Expansion of Bovine Intestinal Stem Cells: A Model for Replacement of Animal Experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Ram Lee ◽  
Hyeon Yang ◽  
Sang In Lee ◽  
Inamul Haq ◽  
Sun A Ock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intestinal Stem Cells ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Intestinal Organoids

Abstract Background Intestinal organoids offer great promise for disease modelling based host-pathogen interactions and nutritional research for feed efficiency measurement in livestock as well as regenerative medicine for therapeutic purposes. However, very limited studies are available on the functional characterization and three-dimensional (3D) expansion of adult stem cells in livestock species compared to mammals. Therefore, we characterized intestinal stem cells derived from small intestine in adult bovine and cultivated intestinal organoids under in vitro 3D culture system.Results In this study, we successfully established intestinal organoids in bovine. Intestinal organoids were long-term cultivated over several passages of culture without loss of the recapitulating capacity of crypts and they had the specific expression of several specific markers involved in intestinal stem cells, intestinal epithelium and nutrient absorption. In addition, they showed the key functionality with regard to a high permeability for compounds of up to FITC-dextran 4 kDa, while FITC-dextran 40 kDa failed to enter the organoid lumen. Furthermore, the genetic properties of intestinal organoids were highly similar to those of in vivo based on QuantSeq 3’ mRNA-Seq. data.Conclusions Collectively, these results provide a reliable method for efficient isolation of intestinal crypts from small intestine and robust 3D expansion of intestinal stem cells in adult bovine and demonstrate the in vitro 3D organoids mimics the in vivo tissue topology and functionality. Finally, intestinal organoids are potential alternatives to in vivo system and will facilitate the practical use of a model to replace animal experiments in the fields of animal biotechnology for various purposes.

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

The protease phenotype and crystalline nature of the granules of intraepithelial mast cells in Trichinella spiralis-infected mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 818-819
Author(s):  
D.S. Friend ◽  
N. Ghildyal ◽  
M.F. Gurish ◽  
K.F. Austen ◽  
R.L. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Carboxypeptidase A ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Granule Morphology ◽  
Crystalline Nature

Trichinella spiralis induces a profound mastocytosis and eosinophilia in the small intestine of the infected mouse. Mouse mast cells (MC) store in their granules various combinations of at least five chymotryptic chymases [designated mouse MC protease (mMCP) 1 to 5], two tryptic proteases designated mMCP-6 and mMCP-7 and an exopeptidase, carboxypeptidase A (mMC-CPA). Using antipeptide, protease -specific antibodies to these MC granule proteases, immunohistochemistry was done to determine the distribution, number and protease phenotype of the MCs in the small intestine and spleen 10 to >60 days after Trichinella infection of BALB/c and C3H mice. TEM was performed to evaluate the granule morphology of the MCs between intestinal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria (mucosal MCs) and in the submucosa, muscle and serosa of the intestine (submucosal MCs).As noted in the table below, the number of submucosal MCs remained constant throughout the study. In contrast, on day 14, the number of MCs in the mucosa increased ~25 fold. Increased numbers of MCs were observed between epithelial cells in the mucosal crypts, in the lamina propria and to a lesser extent, between epithelial cells of the intestinal villi.

Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into airway epithelial cells

Pneumologie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ulrich ◽  
S Weinreich ◽  
R Haller ◽  
S Menke ◽  
R Olmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Airway Epithelial
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