scholarly journals Galectin-3 as a Potential Target to Prevent Cancer Metastasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CMO.S29462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ahmed ◽  
Dina M. M. Alsadek
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Carbohydrate Ligands ◽  
Lectin Family ◽  
Binding Lectin

Interactions between two cells or between cell and extracellular matrix mediated by protein–carbohydrate interactions play pivotal roles in modulating various biological processes such as growth regulation, immune function, cancer metastasis, and apoptosis. Galectin-3, a member of the β-galactoside-binding lectin family, is involved in fibrosis as well as cancer progression and metastasis, but the detailed mechanisms of its functions remain elusive. This review discusses its structure, carbohydrate-binding properties, and involvement in various aspects of tumorigenesis and some potential carbohydrate ligands that are currently investigated to block galectin-3 activity.

Galectin-3: A factotum in carcinogenesis bestowing an archery for prevention

Tumor Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
T. Jeethy Ram ◽  
Asha Lekshmi ◽  
Thara Somanathan ◽  
K. Sujathan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Galectin 3

Cancer metastasis and therapy resistance are the foremost hurdles in oncology at the moment. This review aims to pinpoint the functional aspects of a unique multifaceted glycosylated molecule in both intracellular and extracellular compartments of a cell namely galectin-3 along with its metastatic potential in different types of cancer. All materials reviewed here were collected through the search engines PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar. Among the 15 galectins identified, the chimeric gal-3 plays an indispensable role in the differentiation, transformation, and multi-step process of tumor metastasis. It has been implicated in the molecular mechanisms that allow the cancer cells to survive in the intravascular milieu and promote tumor cell extravasation, ultimately leading to metastasis. Gal-3 has also been found to have a pivotal role in immune surveillance and pro-angiogenesis and several studies have pointed out the importance of gal-3 in establishing a resistant phenotype, particularly through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Additionally, some recent findings suggest the use of gal-3 inhibitors in overcoming therapeutic resistance. All these reports suggest that the deregulation of these specific lectins at the cellular level could inhibit cancer progression and metastasis. A more systematic study of glycosylation in clinical samples along with the development of selective gal-3 antagonists inhibiting the activity of these molecules at the cellular level offers an innovative strategy for primary cancer prevention.

scholarly journals A pseudotemporal causality approach to identifying miRNA–mRNA interactions during biological processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres M Cifuentes-Bernal ◽  
Vu Vh Pham ◽  
Xiaomei Li ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Jiuyong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Static Information ◽  
Temporal Aspect

Abstract Motivation microRNAs (miRNAs) are important gene regulators and they are involved in many biological processes, including cancer progression. Therefore, correctly identifying miRNA–mRNA interactions is a crucial task. To this end, a huge number of computational methods has been developed, but they mainly use the data at one snapshot and ignore the dynamics of a biological process. The recent development of single cell data and the booming of the exploration of cell trajectories using ‘pseudotime’ concept have inspired us to develop a pseudotime-based method to infer the miRNA–mRNA relationships characterizing a biological process by taking into account the temporal aspect of the process. Results We have developed a novel approach, called pseudotime causality, to find the causal relationships between miRNAs and mRNAs during a biological process. We have applied the proposed method to both single cell and bulk sequencing datasets for Epithelia to Mesenchymal Transition, a key process in cancer metastasis. The evaluation results show that our method significantly outperforms existing methods in finding miRNA–mRNA interactions in both single cell and bulk data. The results suggest that utilizing the pseudotemporal information from the data helps reveal the gene regulation in a biological process much better than using the static information. Availability and implementation R scripts and datasets can be found at https://github.com/AndresMCB/PTC. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

scholarly journals Diversified Biomineralization Roles of Pteria penguin Pearl Shell Lectins as Matrix Proteins

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Ogawa ◽  
Rie Sato ◽  
Takako Naganuma ◽  
Kayeu Liu ◽  
Saho Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Pteria Penguin ◽  
Lectin Family ◽  
Chitin Oligomer ◽  
Mollusk Shell

Previously, we isolated jacalin-related lectins termed PPL2, PPL3 (PPL3A, 3B and 3C) and PPL4 from the mantle secretory fluid of Pteria penguin (Mabe) pearl shell. They showed the sequence homology with the plant lectin family, jacalin-related β-prism fold lectins (JRLs). While PPL3s and PPL4 shared only 35%–50% homology to PPL2A, respectively, they exhibited unique carbohydrate binding properties based on the multiple glycan-binding profiling data sets from frontal affinity chromatography analysis. In this paper, we investigated biomineralization properties of these lectins and compared their biomineral functions. It was found that these lectins showed different effects on CaCO3 crystalization, respectively, although PPL3 and PPL2A showed similar carbohydrate binding specificities. PPL3 suppressed the crystal growth of CaCO3 calcite, while PPL2A increased the number of contact polycrystalline calcite composed of more than one crystal with various orientations. Furthermore, PPL4 alone showed no effect on CaCO3 crystalization; however, PPL4 regulated the size of crystals collaborated with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and chitin oligomer, which are specific in recognizing carbohydrates for PPL4. These observations highlight the unique functions and molecular evolution of this lectin family involved in the mollusk shell formation.

scholarly journals A Pseudo-Temporal Causality Approach to Identifying miRNA-mRNA Interactions During Biological Processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres M. Cifuentes-Bernal ◽  
Vu VH Pham ◽  
Xiaomei Li ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Jiuyong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Static Information ◽  
Temporal Aspect ◽  
Cell Trajectories

AbstractMotivationmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important gene regulators and they are involved in many biological processes, including cancer progression. Therefore, correctly identifying miRNA-mRNA interactions is a crucial task. To this end, a huge number of computational methods has been developed, but they mainly use the data at one snapshot and ignore the dynamics of a biological process. The recent development of single cell data and the booming of the exploration of cell trajectories using “pseudo-time” concept have inspired us to develop a pseudo-time based method to infer the miRNA-mRNA relationships characterising a biological process by taking into account the temporal aspect of the process.ResultsWe have developed a novel approach, called pseudo-time causality (PTC), to find the causal relationships between miRNAs and mRNAs during a biological process. We have applied the proposed method to both single cell and bulk sequencing datasets for Epithelia to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), a key process in cancer metastasis. The evaluation results show that our method significantly outperforms existing methods in finding miRNA-mRNA interactions in both single cell and bulk data. The results suggest that utilising the pseudo-temporal information from the data helps reveal the gene regulation in a biological process much better than using the static information.AvailabilityR scripts and datasets can be found at https://github.com/AndresMCB/PTC

Evidence for IgG autoantibodies to galectin-3, a ?-galactoside-binding lectin (Mac-2, ? binding protein, or carbohydrate binding protein 35) in human serum

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Mathews ◽  
Konstantin N. Konstantinov ◽  
Ichiro Kuwabara ◽  
Paul N. Hill ◽  
Daniel K. Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding Protein ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Binding Lectin

scholarly journals The Two Faces of Galectin-3: Roles in Various Pathological Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana D. Radosavljevic ◽  
Jelena Pantic ◽  
Ivan Jovanovic ◽  
Miodrag L. Lukic ◽  
Nebojsa Arsenijevic
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Yin And Yang ◽  
Lectin Family

AbstractGalectin-3, a unique chimaera-type member of the lectin family, displays a wide range of activities. This versatile molecule is involved in fundamental biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell-cell adhesion, apoptosis and immune responses.This review is aimed at providing a general overview of the biological actions and diverse effects of Galectin-3 in many pathological conditions, with a specific focus on autoimmunity, inflammation and tumour progression. We report herein that Galectin-3 exerts deleterious functions determined by promotion of tumour progression and liver inflammation or aggravation of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, Galectin-3 exhibits a protective role in metabolic abnormalities and primary biliary cirrhosis.The paradoxical “yin and yang” functions of Galectin-3 depend not only on its tissue and cellular localization but also on its availability, glycosylation status and the expression level of its ligands.

scholarly journals Strategies for the Development of Glycomimetic Drug Candidates

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Hevey
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Affinity Ligands ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Weak Binding ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Metabolic Degradation ◽  
And Function

Carbohydrates are a structurally-diverse group of natural products which play an important role in numerous biological processes, including immune regulation, infection, and cancer metastasis. Many diseases have been correlated with changes in the composition of cell-surface glycans, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic target. Unfortunately, native carbohydrates suffer from inherently weak binding affinities and poor pharmacokinetic properties. To enhance their usefulness as drug candidates, ‘glycomimetics’ have been developed: more drug-like compounds which mimic the structure and function of native carbohydrates. Approaches to improve binding affinities (e.g., deoxygenation, pre-organization) and pharmacokinetic properties (e.g., limiting metabolic degradation, improving permeability) have been highlighted in this review, accompanied by relevant examples. By utilizing these strategies, high-affinity ligands with optimized properties can be rationally designed and used to address therapies for novel carbohydrate-binding targets.

scholarly journals Activity Dependence of a Novel Lectin Family on Structure and Carbohydrate-Binding Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Chikalovets ◽  
Alina Filshtein ◽  
Valentina Molchanova ◽  
Tatyana Mizgina ◽  
Pavel Lukyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Mytilus Trossulus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Analysis ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Lectin Family ◽  
Activity Dependence ◽  
Antiproliferative Activities

A GalNAc/Gal-specific lectins named CGL and MTL were isolated and characterized from the edible mussels Crenomytilus grayanus and Mytilus trossulus. Amino acid sequence analysis of these lectins showed that they, together with another lectin MytiLec-1, formed a novel lectin family, adopting β-trefoil fold. In this mini review we discuss the structure, oligomerization, and carbohydrate-binding properties of a novel lectin family. We describe also the antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities of these lectins and report about dependence of activities on molecular properties. Summarizing, CGL, MTL, and MytiLec-1 could be involved in the immunity in mollusks and may become a basis for the elaboration of new diagnostic tools or treatments for a variety of cancers.

scholarly journals Repression of the Antiapoptotic Molecule Galectin-3 by Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2-Activated p53 Is Required for p53-Induced Apoptosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 4746-4757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Cecchinelli ◽  
Luca Lavra ◽  
Cinzia Rinaldo ◽  
Stefano Iacovelli ◽  
Aymone Gurtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Lectin Family ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Binding Lectin

ABSTRACT Galectin 3 (Gal-3), a member of the β-galactoside binding lectin family, exhibits antiapoptotic functions, and its aberrant expression is involved in various aspects of tumor progression. Here we show that p53-induced apoptosis is associated with transcriptional repression of Gal-3. Previously, it has been reported that phosphorylation of p53 at Ser46 is important for transcription of proapoptotic genes and induction of apoptosis and that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is specifically involved in these functions. We show that HIPK2 cooperates with p53 in Gal-3 repression and that this cooperation requires HIPK2 kinase activity. Gene-specific RNA interference demonstrates that HIPK2 is essential for repression of Gal-3 upon induction of p53-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, expression of a nonrepressible Gal-3 prevents HIPK2- and p53-induced apoptosis. These results reveal a new apoptotic pathway induced by HIPK2-activated p53 and requiring repression of the antiapoptotic factor Gal-3.

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