scholarly journals Optimized Prediction of Extreme Treatment Outcomes in Ovarian Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 14s5 ◽  
pp. CIN.S30803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burook Misganaw ◽  
Eren Ahsen ◽  
Nitin Singh ◽  
Keith A. Baggerly ◽  
Anna Unruh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
P Values ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Extreme Treatment ◽  
Disease Free

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death among female cancers. Front-line therapy for ovarian cancer is platinum-based chemotherapy. However, the response of patients is highly nonuniform. The TCGA database of serous ovarian carcinomas shows that ~10% of patients respond poorly to platinum-based chemotherapy, with tumors relapsing in seven months or less. Another 10% or so enjoy disease-free survival of three years or more. The objective of the present research is to identify a small number of highly predictive biomarkers that can distinguish between the two extreme responders and then extrapolate to all patients. This is achieved using the lone star algorithm that is specifically developed for biological applications. Using this algorithm, we are able to identify biomarker panels of 25 genes (of 12,000 genes) that can be used to classify patients into one of the three groups: super responders, medium responders, and nonresponders. We are also able to determine a discriminant function that can divide the entire patient population into two classes, such that one group has a clear survival advantage over the other. These biomarkers are developed using the TCGA Agilent platform data and cross-validated on the TCGA Affymetrix platform data, as well as entirely independent data from Tothill et al. The P-values on the training data are extremely small, sometimes below machine zero, while the P-values on cross-validation are well below the widely accepted threshold of 0.05.

scholarly journals AKR1C3 Is Associated with Better Survival of Patients with Endometrial Carcinomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4105
Author(s):  
Marko Hojnik ◽  
Nataša Kenda Šuster ◽  
Špela Smrkolj ◽  
Snježana Frković Grazio ◽  
Ivan Verdenik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Disease Free

The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily is gaining attention in cancer research. AKRs are involved in important biochemical processes and have crucial roles in carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. The enzyme AKR1C3 has many functions, which include production of prostaglandins, androgens and estrogens, and metabolism of different chemotherapeutics; AKR1C3 is thus implicated in the pathophysiology of different cancers. Endometrial and ovarian cancers represent the majority of gynecological malignancies in developed countries. Personalized treatments for these cancers depend on identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers that allow stratification of patients. In this study, we evaluated the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of AKR1C3 in 123 paraffin-embedded samples of endometrial cancer and 99 samples of ovarian cancer, and examined possible correlations between expression of AKR1C3 and other clinicopathological data. The IHC expression of AKR1C3 was higher in endometrial cancer compared to ovarian cancer. In endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, high AKR1C3 IHC expression correlated with better overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.06−0.65, p = 0.008) and with disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.328; 95% confidence interval, 0.12–0.88, p = 0.027). In patients with ovarian cancer, there was no correlation between AKR1C3 IHC expression and overall and disease-free survival or response to chemotherapy. These results demonstrate that AKR1C3 is a potential prognostic biomarker for endometrioid endometrial cancer.

scholarly journals Increased circulating tumor DNA as a noninvasive biomarker of early treatment response in patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma: A pilot study

Tumor Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 101042832091919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Cartaxo Alves ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
Alayne Magalhães Trindade Domingues Yamada ◽  
Lílian Arruda do Rego Barros ◽  
André Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Tumor Dna

Detection of circulating tumor DNA is a new noninvasive technique with potential roles in diagnostic, follow-up, and prognostic evaluation of patients with many types of solid tumors. We aimed to evaluate the role of circulating tumor DNA in the setting of metastatic ovarian carcinoma. A prospective cohort of patients with metastatic ovarian cancer who were referred to systemic therapy was enrolled. Blood samples were collected before the start of treatment and monthly thereafter for 6 months. Circulating tumor DNA was quantified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of different lengths of Arthrobacter luteus elements as described by Umetani et al. A total of 11 patients were included, 2 for primary disease and 9 for recurrent disease. After the first cycle of chemotherapy, patients whose circulating tumor DNA levels increased from baseline were more likely to respond to chemotherapy than those whose circulating tumor DNA levels did not increase (p = 0.035). Furthermore, patients whose circulating tumor DNA levels rose after the first cycle of chemotherapy also had improved disease-free survival compared to those whose circulating tumor DNA levels did not increase (p = 0.0074). We conclude that the increase in circulating tumor DNA values collected in peripheral blood after the first cycle of systemic treatment in patients with advanced ovarian cancer is associated with an early response to systemic treatment and correlates with superior disease-free survival in this population. Circulating tumor DNA might be a specific, noninvasive, and cost-effective new biomarker of early response to systemic treatment in these patients.

Interval Debulking Surgery After Neodjuvant Chemotherapy Vs Primary Debulking Surgery For Stage Iii Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
BM Ahmed ◽  
AT Amin ◽  
MK Khallaf ◽  
A Ahmed Refaat ◽  
SA Sileem
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Figo Stage ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Debulking Surgery ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Primary Debulking Surgery ◽  
Interval Debulking Surgery ◽  
Disease Free

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death among women. Approach to FIGO stage III epithelial ovarian cancer remains challengeable. This study aims to evaluate the outcome of interval debulking surgery (IDS) vs. primary debulking surgery (PDS) for FIGO stage III epithelial ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: During a period of six years (January 2014 to December 2019), we analyzed the patients for eligibility criteria, which were: (1) FIGO stage III epithelial ovarian cancer. (2) The age of 18 years or more (3) Patients underwent either PDS or IDS and received chemotherapy at South Egypt Cancer Institute. We divided them into two groups: (1) Those received three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then underwent IDS plus three additional cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy and (2) Those who have PDS followed by six cycles of chemotherapy. Results: This study includes 380 eligible patients. The first group included 226 patients (59.47%) underwent PDS then 6 cycles of chemotherapy, while the group of IDS included 154 patients (40.53%). The treatment modality was not significant for overall survival (OS); however disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS (median DFS: 33 months; 95% CI 30.23-35.77 vs. 45 months; 95% CI 41.25-48.75 respectively; p= .000). Moreover, in subgroup analysis, OS and DFS were significantly dropped after IDS in elderly patients, patients with bad performance status, sub-optimal cytoreduction as well as high grade and undifferentiated tumors when compared to those who underwent PDS. Conclusion: Although treatment modality may not impact overall survival (OS), however, PDS results in a better disease-free survival than IDS. Moreover, IDS results in a significant drop in OS and DFS in special patients subgroups when compared to PDS. Therefore patients selection should be considered.

scholarly journals Outcome in Advanced Ovarian Cancer following an Appropriate and Comprehensive Effort at Upfront Cytoreduction: A Twenty-Year Experience in a Single Cancer Institute

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marszalek ◽  
Séverine Alran ◽  
Suzy Scholl ◽  
Virginie Fourchotte ◽  
Corinne Plancher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disease Free

Objectives. The purpose of this retrospective evaluation of advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients was to compare outcome with published findings from other centers and to discuss future options for the management of advanced ovarian carcinoma patients.Methods. A retrospective series of 340 patients with a mean age of 58 years (range: 17–88) treated for FIGO stage III and IV ovarian cancer between January 1985 and January 2005 was reviewed. All patients had primary cytoreductive surgery, without extensive bowel, peritoneal, or systematic lymph node resection, thereby allowing initiation of chemotherapy without delay. Chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in combination with alkylating agents before 2000, whereas carboplatin and paclitaxel regimes were generally used after 1999-2000. Overall survival and disease-free survival were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.Results. With a mean followup of 101 months (range: 5 to 203), 280 events (recurrence or death) were observed and 245 patients (72%) had died. The mortality and morbidity related to surgery were low. The main prognostic factor for overall survival was postoperative residual disease (P<.0002), while the main prognostic factor for disease-free survival was histological tumor type (P<.0007). Multivariate analysis identified three significant risk factors: optimal surgery (RR=2.2for suboptimal surgery), menopausal status (RR=1.47for postmenopausal women), and presence of a taxane in the chemotherapy combination (RR=0.72).Conclusion. These results confirm that optimal surgery defined by an appropriate and comprehensive effort at upfront cytoreduction limits morbidity related to the surgical procedure and allows initiation of chemotherapy without any negative impact on survival. The impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to improve resectability while lowering the morbidity of the surgical procedure is discussed.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Anesthetic Selection and Disease-Free Survival Following Optimal Primary Cytoreductive Surgery for Stage III Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (S3) ◽  
pp. 1611-1611
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Elias ◽  
Stephanie Kang ◽  
Xiaoxia Liu ◽  
Neil S. Horowitz ◽  
Ross S. Berkowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free

scholarly journals Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α gene affects the outcome in patients with ovarian cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. SHIMOGAI ◽  
J. KIGAWA ◽  
H. ITAMOCHI ◽  
T. IBA ◽  
Y. KANAMORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1Α ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Low Expression

We conducted study to determine whether and how the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) gene relates to outcome in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. A total of 66 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, who underwent primary surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, were entered into this study. We confirmed the expression of HIF-1α and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunohistochemistry. To determine the quantity of HIF-1α and VEGF expression, messenger RNA of each gene was measured by real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The cutoff values were determined by the receiver-operating characteristic curve according to survival. The protein expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF were strongly observed in the cancer cells. The cutoff value of HIF-1α and VEGF gene expression was 6.0 and 3.0, respectively. The expression of HIF-1α did not relate to clinical stage, but tumor with low VEGF expression was observed more frequently in stage I patients. The response rate to chemotherapy did not differ between high and low expression of both genes. The overall survival for patients with high expression of HIF-1α was significantly lower, but disease-free survival did not differ between high and low expression of HIF-1α, whereas both overall and disease-free survival for patients with high expression of VEGF were significantly lower. Multivariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage and HIF-1α expression were independent prognostic factors but that VEGF was not. The present study suggested that the expression level of HIF-1α could be an independent prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian cancer

Effects of active form of EGFR on disease-free survival in ovarian cancer women

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Wiesława Bednarek ◽  
Bartłomiej Barczyński ◽  
Danuta Skomra ◽  
Adrianna Kondracka ◽  
Jan Kotarski
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free

scholarly journals 741P Immune features of high-grade ovarian cancer associated with exceptional disease free survival (DFS): An analysis from VIVROVAIRE, a GINECO/GINEGEPS study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. S739
Author(s):  
L. Mourani ◽  
E. Yaniz-Galende ◽  
C. Genestie ◽  
F. Gernier ◽  
H. De Saint Basile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free
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