scholarly journals New Spectrophotometric Method for Determining Nitrogen Dioxide in Air Using 2,2-Azino-Bis(3-Ethyl Benzothiazoline)-6-Sulfonic Acid-Diammonium Salt and Passive Sampling

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. ACI.S6969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa A. Salem ◽  
Ahmed A. Soliman ◽  
Ismail A. El-Haty
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Nitrite Ion ◽  
Diammonium Salt ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Insignificant Difference

A new simple and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for determining nitrogen dioxide in air was developed. The method is based on converting atmospheric nitrogen dioxide to nitrite ions within the IVL passive samplers used for samples collection. Acidifying nitrite ions with concentrated HCl produced the peroxynitrous acid oxidizing agent which was measured using 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl benzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid-diammonium salt (ABTS) as reducing coloring agent. A parallel series of collected samples were measured for its nitrite content using a validated ion chromatographic method. The results obtained using both methods were compared in terms of their sensitivity and accuracy. Developed spectrophotometric method was shown to be one order of magnitude higher in sensitivity compared to the ion chromatographic method. Quantitation limits of 0.05 ppm and 0.55 μg/m3 were obtained for nitrite ion and nitrogen dioxid, respectively. Standard deviations in the ranges of 0.05-0.59 and 0.63-7.92 with averages of 0.27 and 3.11 were obtained for determining nitrite and nitrogen dioxide, respectively. Student-t test revealed t-values less than 6.93 and 4.40 for nitrite ions and nitrogen dioxide, respectively. These values indicated insignificant difference between the averages of the newly developed method and the values obtained by ion chromatography at 95% confidence level. Compared to continuous monitoring techniques, the newly developed method has shown simple, accurate, sensitive, inexpensive and reliable for long term monitoring of nitrogen dioxide in ambient air.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Land Use Regression Models for Nitrogen Dioxide and Benzene in Four US Cities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaibal Mukerjee ◽  
Luther Smith ◽  
Lucas Neas ◽  
Gary Norris
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Land Use Regression ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations

Spatial analysis studies have included the application of land use regression models (LURs) for health and air quality assessments. Recent LUR studies have collected nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using passive samplers at urban air monitoring networks in El Paso and Dallas, TX, Detroit, MI, and Cleveland, OH to assess spatial variability and source influences. LURs were successfully developed to estimate pollutant concentrations throughout the study areas. Comparisons of development and predictive capabilities of LURs from these four cities are presented to address this issue of uniform application of LURs across study areas. Traffic and other urban variables were important predictors in the LURs although city-specific influences (such as border crossings) were also important. In addition, transferability of variables or LURs from one city to another may be problematic due to intercity differences and data availability or comparability. Thus, developing common predictors in future LURs may be difficult.

scholarly journals The Improved Comparative Reactivity Method (ICRM): measurements of OH reactivity at high-NO<sub>X</sub> conditions in ambient air

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Wang ◽  
Jipeng Qi ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Bin Yuan ◽  
Yuwen Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Original System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Crm System ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
Comparative Reactivity

Abstract. The comparative reactivity method (CRM) has been developed more than a decade to measure OH reactivity (i.e. OH loss frequency) in both laboratory and field studies. However, accurate OH reactivity quantification remains challenging under real ambient condition, especially for OH reactivity measurements in high-NOX (e.g. > 10 ppbv) environments, as ambient NO enhance regeneration of OH radicals in the CRM reactor. To resolve this problem, we design a new improved CRM reactor (ICRM) and add NO into the system continuously, so that the HO2 radical concentration is suppressed. We confirmed the appropriate level of NO by determining the maximum decrease in the pyrrole level caused by regenerated OH radicals from NO + HO2. VOC-induced RO2 radicals in the ICRM reactor were also found to react with NO, which lead to the re-generation of OH radicals thus the underestimation of OH reactivity. This effect was quantified by the calibration of representative VOC species at different NO levels, and the correction coefficients obtained were used to correct the measured OH reactivity. All these efforts resulted in reducing the uncertainty of the NO-artifact correction by at least an order of magnitude compared to the original CRM system. Additionally, these technological improvements also considerably reduced the systematic errors from pyrrole photolysis that exists in the original system. A new operation mode was proposed for ICRM, which is able to avoid the interference resulting from OH radicals produced by photolysis of residual humidity and save time for ambient measurement. The ICRM system was employed in a field campaign to measure OH reactivity and performed well with ambient NO levels ranged from 0 to 50 ppbv, which were typically observed in urban and suburban atmosphere.

scholarly journals Determining NO2 immission levels in a conflicted area: Riobamba, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-475
Author(s):  
Marcel Paredes ◽  
Dayana Auqui ◽  
David Idrovo ◽  
Rafaela Viteri
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Traffic Emissions ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
The Relationship

Riobamba has areas with high vehicular influence. For the determination of nitrogen dioxide concentrations, passive samplers were used, which were placed at points throughout the domain. The concentrations obtained in the field were interpolated with the information generated with the model traffic emissions software, estimating the relationship between vehicular traffic and the presence of gas. Allow to know the amount of pollutants that breathe about 250 pedestrians on average in the area.

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