Learn to Use Kendall’s Tau in SPSS With Data From National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health Wave II (1996)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wiesen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
National Longitudinal Study

scholarly journals Race, Adolescent Socioeconomic Status, and Lifetime Non-Medical Use of Prescription Painkillers: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12289
Author(s):  
Amy Ehntholt ◽  
Roman Pabayo ◽  
Lisa Berkman ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Racial Ethnic

The misuse of prescription painkillers is a major contributor to the ongoing drug overdose epidemic. This study investigated variability in non-medical use of prescription painkillers (NMUPP) by race and early-life socioeconomic status (SES) in a sample now at increased risk for opioid overdose. Data from two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 11,602) were used to calculate prevalence of reported NMUPP by Wave 4 (2008; mean age 28), and to assess variation by race and by equivalized household family income at Wave 1 (1994/5). Predicted values for prevalence of NMUPP were modelled, adjusting for age, sex, parental education, and region. Race and SES in adolescence were associated with later reported NMUPP. A gradient was seen in prevalence by SES (adjusted: family income quartile 1 = 13.3%; quartile 2 = 13.8%; quartile 3 = 14.8%; quartile 4 = 16.0%; trend p-value = 0.007). Prevalence was higher among males. Racial/ethnic differences in prevalence were seen (non-Hispanic white (NHW) = 18.5%; non-Hispanic black (NHB) = 5.8%; Hispanic = 10.5%; Other = 10.0%). SES differences were less pronounced upon stratification, with trend tests significant only among females (p = 0.004), and marginally significant among Hispanic males (p = 0.06). Early-life SES was associated with reported lifetime NMUPP: the higher the family income in adolescence, the greater the likelihood of NMUPP by young adulthood. Variations in NMUPP by income paled in comparison with racial/ethnic differences. Results point to a possible long-enduring association between SES and NMUPP, and a need to examine underlying mechanisms.

Food Insecurity Among Formerly Incarcerated Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1493-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Testa ◽  
Dylan B. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated Persons

The purpose of this study is to further the understanding of the hardships faced by formerly incarcerated individuals by investigating the association between prior incarceration and postrelease food insecurity. Drawing on data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), our findings demonstrate that a history of incarceration is associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing food insecurity. This association is found to partially operate through household income, depressive symptoms, marital status, and social isolation. Given the importance of food insecurity in predicting future health outcomes and nutritional behavior, food insecurity may be an important factor in driving health disparities among formerly incarcerated persons.

The Association Between Adolescent Gun Ownership and Gun Carrying and Adulthood Violence and Victimization

2020 ◽  
pp. VV-D-19-00090
Author(s):  
James D. Kelsay ◽  
Ian A. Silver ◽  
J. C. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Gun Ownership ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gun Carrying ◽  
Do So

Although many studies have highlighted the deleterious outcomes associated with access to firearms, others suggest gun ownership and carrying can have protective effects. This study attempts to adjudicate between these countervailing points and address several important gaps in the literature. To do so, data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were used to assess the long-term associations between gun ownership and gun carrying in late adolescence and violence and violent victimization in early adulthood. Results from propensity score matching analyses suggest gun carrying, but not gun ownership, is associated with a higher risk of experiencing a violent victimization (b = 0.080, 95% CI = .032, .127) and engaging in violence with a weapon (b = 0.885, 95% CI = .392, 1.378). Efforts to curb firearm-related violence should consider focusing on those who carry guns for additional counseling about these risks.

scholarly journals Change in the Relationship Between Drinking Alcohol and Risk of Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-447
Author(s):  
Roland M Jones ◽  
Marianne Van Den Bree ◽  
Stanley Zammit ◽  
Pamela J Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aims To quantify the relationship between alcohol and violence with increasing age. Methods Data were from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (ADD Health) of 20,386 people representative of the US population. Mean age at the first wave of interviews was 16.2 years, with subsequent interviews mean of 1, 6.3 and 12.9 years later. We used random-effects models and predictive marginal effects of the association between varying quantities of alcohol consumption and violence while controlling for possible confounders. Results Violence was reported by 19.1% of participants at wave I but just 2.1% at wave IV. The random-effects model showed that consuming 1–4 drinks on each occasion was associated with a modest increase in risk of violence in both males (odds ratio (OR) 1.36, 95% CI 1.13–1.63) and females (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.03–1.72). For consumption of five or more drinks on each occasion, the risk remained similar for females (OR 1.40 (0.99–1.97)) but increased considerably for males (OR 2.41 (1.96–2.95)). Predictive marginal effects models confirmed that violence rates decreased with age. Conclusions Alcohol is most strongly linked to violence among adolescents, so programmes for primary prevention of alcohol-related violence are best targeted towards this age group, particularly males who engage in heavy episodic drinking.

Arts and cultural engagement, reportedly antisocial or criminalized behaviors, and potential mediators in two longitudinal cohorts of adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Katherine Bone ◽  
Feifei Bu ◽  
Meg Fluharty ◽  
Elise Paul ◽  
Jill Sonke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
National Education ◽  
Cultural Engagement ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
Equation Modelling

Reportedly antisocial or criminalized behaviors (RACBs; those previously and problematically termed as “delinquent”) in adolescence are important for health and wellbeing. We investigated whether arts and cultural engagement reduced RACBs in mid- to late adolescence. We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n=10,610) and the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (n=15,214). Using structural equation modelling, we also explored mechanisms that might link arts and cultural engagement to RACBs. More arts and cultural engagement was associated with fewer RACBs, higher self-control scores, and fewer positive perceptions of RACBs concurrently and one to two years later. Arts and cultural engagement may provide opportunities for adolescents to realize positive developmental outcomes, reducing their risk of RACBs.

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