DNAPL Detection Sensitivity of a High‐Resolution Directional Borehole Radar

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig W. Moulton ◽  
David L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Borehole Radar

scholarly journals μCB-seq: Microfluidic cell barcoding and sequencing for high-resolution imaging and sequencing of single cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler N. Chen ◽  
Anushka Gupta ◽  
Mansi Zalavadia ◽  
Aaron M. Streets
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Resolution Imaging

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables the investigation of complex biological processes in multicellular organisms with high resolution. However, many phenotypic features that are critical to understanding the functional role of cells in a heterogeneous tissue or organ are not directly encoded in the genome and therefore cannot be profiled with scRNA-seq. Quantitative optical microscopy has long been a powerful approach for characterizing diverse cellular phenotypes including cell morphology, protein localization, and chemical composition. Combining scRNA-seq with optical imaging has the potential to provide comprehensive single-cell analysis, allowing for functional integration of gene expression profiling and cell-state characterization. However, it is difficult to track single cells through both measurements; therefore, coupling current scRNA-seq protocols with optical measurements remains a challenge. Here, we report Microfluidic Cell Barcoding and Sequencing (μCB-seq), a microfluidic platform that combines high-resolution imaging and sequencing of single cells. μCB-seq is enabled by a novel fabrication method that preloads primers with known barcode sequences inside addressable reaction chambers of a microfluidic device. In addition to enabling multi-modal single-cell analysis, μCB-seq improves gene detection sensitivity, providing a scalable and accurate method for information-rich characterization of single cells.

A High-Resolution, Short-Range, Directional Borehole Radar

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Wright ◽  
Jared D. Abraham ◽  
David VonG. Smith ◽  
S. Raymond Hutton
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Borehole Radar

A High‐Resolution, Short‐Range, Directional Borehole Radar

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Wright ◽  
Jared D. Abraham ◽  
David VonG. Smith ◽  
S. Raymond Hutton
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Borehole Radar

scholarly journals Patch-Clamp Proteomics of Single Neuronal Somas in Tissue Using Electrophysiology and Subcellular Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam B. Choi ◽  
Abigail M. Polter ◽  
Peter Nemes
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
High Resolution Mass ◽  
Patch Clamp Electrophysiology ◽  
Resolution Mass

ABSTRACTUnderstanding of the relationship between cellular function and molecular composition holds a key to next-generational therapeutics but requires measurement of all types of molecules in cells. Developments in sequencing enabled semi-routine measurement of single-cell genomes and transcriptomes, but analytical tools are scarce for detecting diverse proteins in tissue-embedded cells. To bridge this gap for neuroscience research, we report the integration of patch-clamp electrophysiology with subcellular shot-gun proteomics by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Recording of electrical activity permitted identification of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Ca. 20–50% of the neuronal soma content, containing an estimated 100 pg of total protein, was aspirated into the patch pipette filled with ammonium bicarbonate. About ~1 pg of somal protein, or ~0.25% of the total cellular proteome, was analyzed on a custom-built capillary electrophoresis (CE) high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). A series of experiments were conducted to systematically enhance detection sensitivity through refinements in sample processing and detection, allowing us to quantify ~275 different proteins from somal aspirate-equivalent protein digests. From single neurons, patch-clamp proteomics of the soma quantified 91, 80, and 95 different proteins from 3 different dopaminergic neurons, or 157 proteins in total. Quantification revealed detectable proteomic differences between the somal protein samples. Analysis of canonical knowledge predicted rich interaction networks between the proteins. The integration of patch-clamp electrophysiology with subcellular CE-HRMS proteomics expands the analytical toolbox of neuroscience.

scholarly journals RNA aptamer capture of macromolecular complexes for mass spectrometry analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (15) ◽  
pp. e90-e90
Author(s):  
Judhajeet Ray ◽  
Angela Kruse ◽  
Abdullah Ozer ◽  
Takuya Kajitani ◽  
Richard Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Affinity Purification ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Heat Shock Factor 1 ◽  
Rna Aptamer ◽  
Macromolecular Complexes

Abstract Specific genomic functions are dictated by macromolecular complexes (MCs) containing multiple proteins. Affinity purification of these complexes, often using antibodies, followed by mass spectrometry (MS) has revolutionized our ability to identify the composition of MCs. However, conventional immunoprecipitations suffer from contaminating antibody/serum-derived peptides that limit the sensitivity of detection for low-abundant interacting partners using MS. Here, we present AptA–MS (aptamer affinity–mass spectrometry), a robust strategy primarily using a specific, high-affinity RNA aptamer against Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) to identify interactors of a GFP-tagged protein of interest by high-resolution MS. Utilizing this approach, we have identified the known molecular chaperones that interact with human Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1), and observed an increased association with several proteins upon heat shock, including translation elongation factors and histones. HSF1 is known to be regulated by multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs), and we observe both known and new sites of modifications on HSF1. We show that AptA–MS provides a dramatic target enrichment and detection sensitivity in evolutionarily diverse organisms and allows identification of PTMs without the need for modification-specific enrichments. In combination with the expanding libraries of GFP-tagged cell lines, this strategy offers a general, inexpensive, and high-resolution alternative to conventional approaches for studying MCs.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of CT Angiography Combined with High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Vascular Lesions in Acute Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mingyang Zou ◽  
Junjie Liao ◽  
Yurong Zeng ◽  
Qianwen Guan ◽  
Bowen Lan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Positive Rate

Cerebrovascular disease is increasing rapidly because of its high morbidity and high mortality, which is a serious threat to human health. For the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the CT vascular noise combined with high-resolution magnetic resonance angiography in acute cerebral apoplexy vascular disease is adopted. 150 patients with ischemic stroke were selected, which were admitted to the Department of Radiology, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, from January 2020 to December 2020. All patients accepted digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and CT angiography (CTA) examination. Results. There were 76 cases of aneurysm in DSA examination, accounting for 46%; 69 cases with pulsating stenosis, accounting for 50.67%; and 5 cases of moyamoya disease, accounting for 3.33%. The number and proportion of cases of the above diseases in MRA examination were (75, 69, 71; 53.33%, 45.67%, 4%), and those in CTA examination were (71, 76, 3, 47.33%, 50.67%, 2%). Relative to the DSA gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, and false positive rate of MRA were 81.51%, 95.19%, and 2.1, respectively, and those of CTA were 95.78%, 79.17%, and 11.0, respectively. The number of cases and accuracy of detection of cerebral aneurysms by MRA were (75, 96.57%), and those by CTA were (71, 91.2%), which was not statistically considerable, P > 0.05 . For the number of cases and the detection accuracy of cerebrovascular malformations, MRA was (38, 92.68%) and CTA was (37, 90.24%), which was not statistically considerable, P > 0.05 . Conclusion. The detection sensitivity and accuracy of MRA were better than those of CTA, while specific CTA was superior to MRA. The differences between the two detections were substantial ( P < 0.05 ), while the sensitivity and false positive rate were not remarkably different ( P > 0.05 ). Therefore, the combination of the two detections was of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment of stroke and other vascular diseases.

scholarly journals DMSO Increases Mutation Scanning Detection Sensitivity of High-Resolution Melting in Clinical Samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1354-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Song ◽  
Elena Castellanos-Rizaldos ◽  
Rafael Bejar ◽  
Benjamin L Ebert ◽  
G Mike Makrigiorgos
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Cross Hybridization ◽  
Mutation Scanning ◽  
Extra Step ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract BACKGROUND Mutation scanning provides the simplest, lowest-cost method for identifying DNA variations on single PCR amplicons, and it may be performed before sequencing to avoid screening of noninformative wild-type samples. High-resolution melting (HRM) is the most commonly used method for mutation scanning. With PCR-HRM, however, mutations less abundant than approximately 3%–10% that can still be clinically significant may often be missed. Therefore, enhancing HRM detection sensitivity is important for mutation scanning and its clinical application. METHODS We used serial dilution of cell lines containing the TP53 exon 8 mutation to demonstrate the improvement in detection sensitivity for conventional-PCR-HRM in the presence of DMSO. We also conducted coamplification at lower denaturation temperature (COLD)-PCR with an extra step for cross-hybridization, followed by preferential denaturation and amplification at optimized critical temperature (full-COLD-PCR), to further enrich low-level mutations before HRM with or without DMSO, and we used droplet-digital PCR to derive the optimal conditions for mutation enrichment. Both conventional PCR-HRM and full-COLD-PCR-HRM with and without DMSO were used for mutation scanning of TP53 exon 8 in cancer samples containing known mutations and myelodysplastic syndrome samples with unknown mutations. Mutations in other genes were also examined. RESULTS The detection sensitivity of PCR-HRM scanning increases 2- to 5-fold in the presence of DMSO, depending on mutation type and sequence context, and can typically detect mutation abundance of approximately 1%. When mutation enrichment is applied during amplification with full-COLD-PCR followed by HRM in the presence of DMSO, mutations with 0.2%–0.3% abundance in TP53 exon 8 can be detected. CONCLUSIONS DMSO improves HRM mutation scanning sensitivity with saturating dyes. When full-COLD-PCR is used, followed by DMSO-HRM, the overall improvement is about 20-fold compared with conventional PCR-HRM.

scholarly journals Biodegradable harmonophores for targeted high-resolution in vivo tumor imaging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Yasin Sonay ◽  
Sine Yaganoglu ◽  
Martina Konantz ◽  
Claire Teulon ◽  
Sandro Sieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Imaging Probes

AbstractOptical imaging probes have played a major role in detecting and monitoring of a variety of diseases1. In particular, nonlinear optical imaging probes, such as second harmonic generating (SHG) nanoprobes, hold great promise as clinical contrast agents, as they can be imaged with little background signal and unmatched long-term photostability2. As their chemical composition often includes transition metals, the use of inorganic SHG nanoprobes can raise long-term health concerns. Ideally, contrast agents for biomedical applications should be degraded in vivo without any long-term toxicological consequences to the organism. Here, we developed biodegradable harmonophores (bioharmonophores) that consist of polymer-encapsulated, self-assembling peptides that generate a strong SHG signal. When functionalized with tumor cell surface markers, these reporters can target single cancer cells with high detection sensitivity in zebrafish embryos in vivo. Thus, bioharmonophores will enable an innovative approach to cancer treatment using targeted high-resolution optical imaging for diagnostics and therapy.

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