scholarly journals Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients of suspected first-line antiretroviral treatment failure within 5 years – Evidence from a tertiary hospital, Kolkata

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Dolanchampa Modak ◽  
Nivedita Dutta ◽  
Shantasil Pain ◽  
Rajyasree Ghosh (De) ◽  
SubhasishKamal Guha
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
First Line ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

scholarly journals Immunologic and Clinical Failure of Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus within Two Years of Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom ◽  
Mahlet Maru ◽  
Beletu Berihun ◽  
Kidu Gidey ◽  
Yirga Legesse Niriayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

Background. Early initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreases human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) related complications, restores patients’ immunity, decreases viral load, and substantially improves quality of life. However, antiretroviral treatment failure considerably impedes the merits of HAART. Objective. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of immunologic and clinical antiretroviral treatment failure. Methods. A cross-sectional study design using clinical and immunologic treatment failure definition was used to conduct the study. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features of patients were retrieved from patients’ medical registry between the years 2009 and 2015. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria in the study period were studied. Predictors of treatment failure were identified using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analysis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21 software, and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p value < 0.05. Results. A total of 770 were studied. The prevalence of treatment failure was 4.5%. The AZT-based regimen (AHR=16.95, 95% CI: 3.02-95.1, p=0.001), baseline CD4 count≥301 (AHR=0.199, 95% CI: 0.05-0.76, p=0.018), and bedridden during HAART initiation (AHR=0.131, 95% CI: 0.029-0.596, p=0.009) were the predictors of treatment failure. Conclusion. The prevalence of treatment failure was lower with the risk being higher among patients on the AZT-based regimen. On the other hand, the risk of treatment failure was lower among patients who started HAART at baseline CD4 count≥301 and patients who were bedridden during HAART initiation. We recommend further prospective, multicenter cohort studies to be conducted to precisely detect the prevalence of treatment failure using viral load determination in the whole country.

scholarly journals Increased viral suppression among people on first line antiretroviral treatment in Ethiopia: Meeting the third 90’s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwuyelet Maru ◽  
Daniel Dagne ◽  
Addisu Tesfie ◽  
Asefa Missaye ◽  
Gizachew Yismaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
First Line ◽  
North East ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

Abstract Background Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is aimed for complete suppression of viral replication but it fails for a variety of reasons. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of treatment failure among people on first line ART in Amhara region, North east Ethiopia.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from March, 2018 to July, 2018. Questionnaire survey using a pre-structured questionnaire was taken focusing on demographic data and possible risk factors of antiretroviral treatment failure. Clinical history including baseline characteristics was extracted by reviewing medical records using data abstraction sheet and data was analyzed using STATA version 14.Results A total of 640 clients of all age from 16 health facilities were enrolled in the study. The overall antiretroviral treatment failure was 16.45% from which clinical, immunologic and virologic failure were 0.47%, 13.59% and 3.13% respectively. The viral suppression was 91.09%, but more than half, 29 (50.88%) study participants with high first viral load (>1000copies/ml) were defaulted and not tested for the 2 nd viral load testing. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significance association of treatment failure with age at treatment initiation (OR, 1.029), duration on ART (OR, 0.87) and adherence (AOR, 4.22). High proportion of treatment failure was also found in females (62.75%) and in those below primary education (76.47%).Conclusions In conclusion increased viral suppression is observed but the rate of default during 3 month of enhanced adherence counseling is high. The overall magnitude of treatment failure in Amhara region is 16.45%. Fair/poor adherence, older age at treatment initiation and shorter duration on ART are significantly independent factors of treatment failure. Therefore improving client follow up to adherence to treatment should be strengthened.

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