scholarly journals Behavioral management using sequenced treatment paradigm and audiovisual distraction during dental treatment in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin ◽  
Hisham ElBatawi ◽  
Hatem M. El-Damanhoury
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
First Permanent Molars

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aimed to assess behavioral management using sequenced treatment approach and audiovisual distraction (AVD) with/without video eyewear during dental procedure in children with attention defi cit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial included 31 children (n = 21 boys; n = 10 girls), aged between 6.5 and 8.1 years, distributed into Group A (n = 17, children not on ADHD medication) and Group B (n = 14, children taking medication for ADHD symptoms). The study involved four sessions, 1 week apart. Sessions I and II included behavioral management assessment and dental screening, respectively, while participants watched cartoon movie using an AV distracter with/without a video eyewear. During Sessions III and IV, dental prophylaxis and sealants were placed on first permanent molars, respectively, for both upper and lower jaws in both the groups. During the procedure, children were distracted with AV distracter with/without a video eyewear, and the mean changes in blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and pulse rate were recorded every 5 min. Independent samples t-test was used, assessing for significant changes in pulse rate and SaO2 during each visit in both groups. Results: Almost 95% (n = 113) of the first permanent molars showed signs of pit and fissure demineralization of varying severities, classifi ed as the International Caries Detection and Assessment System-codes 1–3. During Session IV, there were significant differences (P ≤ 0.03 and P ≤ 0.05) in mean pulse rate in both groups of children, respectively, during fissure sealants or preventive resin restoration application on their permanent molars while being distracted using AVD with video eyewear. Conclusion: Our study recommends splitting of dental visits into multiple short sessions and video eyewear distraction for optimum behavioral management during dental procedures of children with ADHD.

scholarly journals The Correlation Analysis of Caries Status Between Primary Molars and First Permanent Molars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Yuee Liang ◽  
Leyi Chen ◽  
Xiaolin Lv ◽  
Haixia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
First Permanent Molars

Abstract Background: First permanent molars (FPMs) are the most critical teeth in the dental arc. Meanwhile they bear the highest risk for carious lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the caries status of primary and permanent teeth among 8-9-year-old children in Guangzhou, and the correlation between the caries of primary molars and first permanent molars (FPMs).Methods: 119 samples of children aged 8-9 were included. The scoring and evaluation were processed in accordance with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software package by means of Pearson Chi-square test and Kendall’s correlation.Results: Pearson Chi-Square test showed that the prevalence of dental caries of the first primary molars, second primary molars and primary molars had significant correlation with that of FPMs, while Kendall’s correlation analysis showed that they had weak positive correlation. What’s more, the Pearson chi-square test showed that there was no significant correlation between the degree of dental caries of different primary molars and FPMs.Conclusion: Caries in primary molars, especially the second molars, were considered to be a risk indicator for the development of permanent molars in the future. However, regardless of the degree of primary molars caries, the susceptibility of FPMs caries should be aware of. And pit and fissure sealants for them should be carried out as soon as possible.

The Impact of Early Childhood Factors on Dental Caries Incidence in First Permanent Molars: A 7-Year Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bruno Emmanuelli ◽  
Jessica Klöckner Knorst ◽  
Gabriele Rissotto Menegazzo ◽  
Fausto Medeiros Mendes ◽  
Thiago Machado Ardenghi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Community Centers ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Permanent Molars

The development of dental caries in first permanent molars has been extensively investigated. However, studies are inconclusive in determining the influence of contextual and individual factors on dental caries incidence in this group of teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of contextual and individual factors on dental caries incidence in first permanent molars. This 7-year cohort study was conducted with children (1–5 years of age) who had been assessed initially in a survey performed in 2010. Dental caries was assessed at the baseline through the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Contextual and individual variables were collected at baseline and included the presence of cultural community centers in the neighborhood as well as demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and biological characteristics. A multilevel Poisson regression model was used to investigate the influence of individual and contextual characteristics on dental caries incidence in first permanent molars (relative risk [RR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Of the 639 children examined at baseline, a total of 449 were reassessed after 7 years (70.3% retention rate). Children who lived in neighborhoods with cultural community centers had a lower risk of dental caries in first permanent molars at the follow-up (RR 0.78; 95% CI 0.62–0.99). Children from families with a low income (RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03–1.76) and poor parental perception of children’s oral health (RR 1.56; 95% CI 1.18–2.06) were associated with a higher risk of dental caries in first molars. In conclusion, individual and contextual determinants showed an important role in the incidence of caries in first permanent molars.

scholarly journals The Correlation Analysis of Caries Status Between Primary Molars and First Permanent Molars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Yuee Liang ◽  
Leyi Chen ◽  
Xiaolin Lv ◽  
Haixia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
First Permanent Molars

Abstract Background First Permanent Molars (PFMs) are the most critical teeth in the dental arc. Meanwhile they bear the highest risk for carious lesions. The aim of this study is to investigate the caries status of primary and permanent teeth among 8-9-year-old children in Guangzhou, and the correlation between the caries of primary molars and first permanent molars(FPMs).Methods 119 samples of children aged 8-9 were included. The scoring and evaluation were processed in accordance with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software package by means of Pearson Chi-square test and Kendall’s correlation.Results Pearson Chi-Square test showed that the prevalence of dental caries of the first primary molars, second primary molars and primary molars had significant correlation with that of FPMs while Kendall’s correlation analysis showed that they had weak positive correlation. What’s more, the Pearson chi-square test showed that there was no significant correlation between the degree of dental caries of different primary molars and PFM.Conclusion Caries in primary molars, especially the second molar, are considered to be a risk indicator for the development of permanent molars in the future. However, regardless of the degree of primary molars caries, the susceptibility of FPMs caries should be aware of. And pit and fissure sealants for them should be carried out as soon as possible.

Detection of early occlusal caries of the first permanent molar using different techniques (An in vivo study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Samah F. Al-Qazzaz ◽  
Abeer M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Permanent Molar ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Early Caries ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Better Than

Background: Molars and premolars are considered as the most vulnerable teeth of caries attack, which is related to the morphology of their occlusal surfaces along with the difficulty of plaque removal. different methods were used for early caries detection that provide sensitive, accurate preoperative diagnosis of caries depths to establish adequate preventive measures and avoid premature tooth treatment by restoration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical sensitivity and specificity rates of DIAGNOdent and visual inspection as opposed to the ICDAS for the detection of initial occlusal caries in noncavitated first permanent molars. Materials and Methods: This study examined 139 occlusal surface of the first permanent molar pooled from fifty patients aged 8-9 years by three methods. The selected criteria include one occlusal site per tooth (first permanent molars) with carious lesions range from 0 to 3 according to ICDASII (gold standard) visual criteria then the clinical sensitivity and specificity of visual inspection according to Ekstrand et al.in 1997 and DIAGNOdent were performed. . Results: the highest correlation was found between the ICDASII and DIAGNOdent. The sensitivity of the DIAGNOdent for the enamel caries detection (D1) was better than that of visual inspection. The sensitivity and the specificity for the DIAGNOdent at D3 threshold were better than the D1 threshold and the visual inspection method. Conclusion: DIAGNOden pen can be used as a tool for early caries detection in cases of difficult diagnosis that provide good additional sensitivity to the visual inspection.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Sound and Carious Surfaces under Sealants over 44 Months

2014 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 1070-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fontana ◽  
J.A. Platt ◽  
G.J. Eckert ◽  
C. González-Cabezas ◽  
K. Yoder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment System ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Sealant Retention ◽  
Lesion Severity

Although there is strong evidence for the effectiveness of sealants, one major barrier in sealant utilization is the concern of sealing over active caries lesions. This study evaluated detection and monitoring of caries lesions through a clear sealant over 44 mo. Sixty-four 7- to 10-year-old children with at least 2 permanent molars with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) scores 0-4 (and caries less than halfway through the dentin, radiographically) were examined with ICDAS, DIAGNOdent, and quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) before sealant placement and 1, 12, 24, and 44 mo (except QLF) after. Bitewing radiographs were taken yearly. DIAGNOdent and QLF were able to distinguish between baseline ICDAS before and after sealant placement. There was no significant evidence of ICDAS progression at 12 mo, but there was small evidence of minor increases at 24 and 44 mo (14% and 14%, respectively) with only 2% ICDAS ≥ 5. Additionally, there was little evidence of radiographic progression (at 12 mo = 1%, 24 mo = 3%, and 44 mo = 9%). Sealant retention rates were excellent at 12 mo = 89%, 24 mo = 78%, and 44 mo = 70%. The small risk of sealant repair increased significantly as baseline ICDAS, DIAGNOdent, and QLF values increased. However, regardless of lesion severity, sealants were 100% effective at 12 mo and 98% effective over 44 mo in managing occlusal surfaces at ICDAS 0-4 ( i.e., only 4 of 228 teeth progressed to ICDAS ≥ 5 associated with sealants in need of repair and none to halfway or more through the dentin, radiographically). This study suggests that occlusal surfaces without frank cavitation (ICDAS 0-4) that are sealed with a clear sealant can be monitored with ICDAS, QLF, or DIAGNOdent, which may aid in predicting the need for sealant repair.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Illumination Conditions on Visual Caries Detection with ICDAS

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus W. Neuhaus ◽  
Edi Jasarevic ◽  
Adrian Lussi
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Standard Operation ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Additional Illumination ◽  
Permanent Molars

The aim of this study was to test the influence of different degrees of additional illumination on visual caries detection using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Two calibrated examiners assessed 139 occlusal surfaces of extracted permanent molars using a standard operation lamp with or without an additional headlamp providing three default brightness intensities. Histology served as the gold standard. Pooled data showed no differences in sensitivities. Specificities were not influenced by additional light. The area under the curve for the Marthaler classification D3 threshold was significantly lower when an additional strong headlamp was used (0.59 compared to 0.69-0.72 when reduced illumination intensities were used). One of the two examiners also had a significantly lower sensitivity for the D1 threshold when an additional headlamp was used. The use of additional white light led to a reduced detection of dentine lesions.

scholarly journals Dental anxiety and the status of first permanent molars in 11 and 15 years old children

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Milka Kapuran ◽  
Svetlana Janković ◽  
Bojana Davidović ◽  
Jelena Lečić
Keyword(s):  
Dental Health ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
First Permanent Molars

Summary Introduction Fear of dental procedures is one of the main reasons for oral health neglect. The first permanent molars are functionally very important. Dental anxiety may compromise their health as well as the health of all other teeth. The aim of the study was to determine dental anxiety level and the status of first permanent molars in healthy school aged children. Methods This study included 105 students, 11 and 15 years of age, from two elementary schools in Foca (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), questionnaire was used to determine the level of dental fear in patients. The status of first permanent molars was recorded using Klein-Palmer DMFT (decayed, missing, filling teeth) system. The number of healthy first permanent molars (with or without sealant) was registered as well. Results More than one third of respondents involved in this study (33.3%), suffered from severe dental anxiety (DAS = 13–20 points). Statistically significant difference in answers to questions was not observed between respondents of different age but higher level of the fear was registered in girls compared to boys (p < 0.05). Less than 50% of all examined first permanent molars were healthy and sealed fissures were recorded in 9.4% of them. The percentage of decayed molars was about 11%, 7% extracted and 35% filled. Conclusion Application of prophylactic measures is beneficial for dental health preservation. They are pain free and can be used to minimize fear by establishing dentist-patient relationship based on confidence.

scholarly journals Influence of Examiner Experience on Clinical Performance of Visual Inspection in Detecting and Assessing the Activity Status of Caries Lesions

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Gimenez ◽  
DG Bittar ◽  
C Piovesan ◽  
CAB Guglielmi ◽  
KY Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARYOur hypothesis was that a method of caries activity evaluation based on the clinical features of the lesions would be less time consuming but more influenced by the examiner's experience than the scoring system used in association with the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of three groups of examiners with different levels of experience using two different methods to assess the activity status of caries lesions by visual inspection. A cross-sectional study in a dental office setting was performed selecting 18 children, aged three to eight years, who had sought dental treatment at a dental school. Examinations to detect caries lesions were performed using visual inspection by six examiners with different levels of experience: two undergraduate dental students, two specialists in pediatric dentistry, and two graduate students. The examiners used ICDAS and two different methods to assess caries activity: using an additional score system or considering the examination of clinical features. Two benchmark examiners examined the children in a joint session, and their consensus was considered to be the reference standard. The sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility were calculated for different thresholds: all, cavitated, and active caries lesions. Multilevel analyses were performed to compare the different methods and examiners. No differences were observed among the examiners, either in detecting all lesions and cavitated lesions or regarding the activity assessment. The methods of assessing activity status performed similarly, but the time spent on examinations was shorter for the method evaluating clinical features. In conclusion, the experience of examiners does not significantly influence the performance of visual inspection, and both methods of assessing activity status result in similar diagnostic accuracy.

scholarly journals Effects of the intervention of the Multicenter Study IDEFICS on the prevalence of caries in Spanish children

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e211359
Author(s):  
Vinícius Aguiar Lages ◽  
Maria Paula Rando Meirelles ◽  
Marília Jesus Batista ◽  
Carolina Matteussi Lino ◽  
Andréa Moscardini da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
White Spots ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Untreated Caries ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Do So

Aim: To evaluate the effects of an intervention for the prevention of obesity on the prevalence of dental caries disease in Spanish children. Methods: Two cities participated intervention study nested in a cohort IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary and lifestyle induced health effects in children and infants): Huesca, where there was a 2-year intervention, which encouraged less sugar consumption; and Zaragoza (control). The prevalence of caries was evaluated by examining the 1st permanent molars in the 7-11 age range, using the ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System). These teeth erupt at 6 years of age and at the baseline (2007-2008) were free of caries because they were not present in the oral cavity. As outcomes, white spots were selected, combining the ICDAS criteria 1 and 2, and untreated caries, combining criteria 4, 5 and 6. Their association with socioeconomic variables, BMI (Body Mass Index), frequency of sugar intake, sex and parents’ perceptions of their children, was investigated. To do so, the chi-square test was applied (p<0.05). Results: The sample consisted of 281 children. The prevalence of white spots and untreated caries was higher in Huesca, despite the intervention. There was no association between the outcomes and the variables studied (p>0.05). Conclusion: The intervention for the prevention of obesity did not exert any association with the prevalence of caries in Spanish children.

scholarly journals GAGGING A REVIEW

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Laxman Singh Kaira ◽  
Esha Dabral ◽  
Harpreet Singh Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Strong Potential ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Optimal Patient Care ◽  
Gag Reflex

Abstract:The gag reflex is a complex physiologic phenomenon. The problem compromises the quality of dental treatment and is a barrier to optimal patient care. The function of the reflex is protective in nature. When the reflex is abnormally active, the dentist may be presented with a bewildering and frustrating problem in various dental procedures, resulting in a strong potential for compromised treatment. The technique or techniques used should be dictated by the cause or causes involved. If organic disturbances, anatomic anomalies, or bio mechanical inadequacies of the existing prosthesis are not key causes the services of trained specialists are needed to help with behavioral management of the problem. A review of management of patients follows and includes strategies to assist clinicians.

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