scholarly journals Occurrence of Tetracampos ciliotheca and Proteocephalus glanduligerus in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) collected from the Vaal Dam, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Madanire-Moyo ◽  
Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Gill Nets ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Vaal Dam

Cestodes are parasitic flatworms that live in the digestive tract of vertebrates as adults and often in the liver, muscle, haemocoel, mesentery and brain of various animals as larval stages. To identify the cestodes infecting Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822 (sharptooth catfish) in the Vaal Dam, a total of 45 host specimens were collected with the aid of gill nets between October 2011, January and April 2012. The fish were sacrificed and examined for cestode parasites. Two adult cestodes, Tetracampos ciliotheca Wedl, 1861 (prevalence 86.7%, mean intensity = 15, n = 45) and Proteocephalus glanduligerus (Janicki, 1928) (prevalence 51.1%, mean intensity = 5, n = 45) were found in the intestines of the catfish. Both T. ciliotheca and P. glanduligerus are new locality records. There were statistically insignificant differences in the infection of the male and female C. gariepinu. Fish with standard length ranging from 40 cm – 54 cm (≥ 3 years) had the highest prevalence and mean intensity while those ranging from 10 cm – 24 cm (< 1 year) had the lowest prevalence and mean intensity for both cestodes. The study highlights the importance of changing feeding habits of C. gariepinus with age on the prevalence and mean intensity of the two gastrointestinal cestode parasites.

scholarly journals On cestode and digenean parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) from the Rietvlei Dam, South Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barson ◽  
A. Avenant-Oldewage
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Record ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, from the Rietvlei Dam near Pretoria, South Africa were examined for internal platyhelminth parasites. Two adult cestodes, Polyonchobothrium clarias (stomach) (prev alence 71 %, mean intensity = 5, n = 7) and Proteocephalus glanduliger (anterior intestine) (prevalence 14 %, mean intensity = 2, n = 7), were found in the gut while metacercariae of one larval digenean, Ornithodiplostomum sp. (prevalence 14 %, mean intensity = 140, n = 7), were found encysted in the muscles. The morphology of these species, based on light and scanning electron microscopy as well as histological analysis, and how they differ from previously described specimens, are discussed. Ornithodiplostomum is a new record in southern Africa. Infection levels of the host fish were mild compared to records from previous surveys.

scholarly journals Notes on the occurrence of Trypanosoma sp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in freshwater fishes from South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryke L. Ferreira ◽  
Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Host Record ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Infection Pattern ◽  
Vaal River ◽  
Vaal Dam ◽  
Seasonal Infection

A total of 257 fishes from four families, Clariidae, Cichlidae, Cyprinidae and Schilbeidae were collected from three localities: the Sand River Dam, Swaziland; the Nylsvlei Nature Reserve, South Africa and the Vaal Dam and Vaal River Barrage, South Africa. Only fishes (n= 154) from Clariidae and Cichlidae were found to be infected with trypanosomes. A total of 221 Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) were collected from the Vaal Dam and Vaal Barrage area, South Africa. Of these, 74%(89/121) were infected with trypanosomes from the Vaal Dam and 63%(63/100) from the Vaal River Barrage, with no seasonal infection pattern. A prevalence of 25%(1/4) was found in C. gariepinus from the Sand River Dam, Swaziland, and a 50% (1/2) prevalence was found in Tilapia sparrmanii from the Nylsvlei Nature Reserve, South Africa. Standard measurements conformed closely to the morphometric and morphological descriptions of Trypanosoma mukasai. This article provides new locality records for T. mukasai from the Vaal Dam, Vaal River Barrage and Nylsvlei Nature Reserve (South Africa) and the Sand River Dam (Swaziland). Tilapia sparrmanii collected in the Sand River Dam in Swaziland is also noted as a new host record.

scholarly journals Hábito alimentar e morfologia do tubo digestivo de Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Elythrinidae) da Lagoa Dourada, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Flávio Pádua de Moraes ◽  
Ivana de Freitas Bárbola
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Tube Digestif ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Mucosal Folds

Neste estudo, são abordados aspectos relacionados à alimentação e à morfologia dos órgâos de captura e assimilaçao de alimentos de Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Elythrinidae), da Lagoa Dourada, em Ponta Grossa, ParanÁ. As coletas forarn realizadas de abril de 1993 a abril de 1994. De cada exemplar, foram registrados comprimento total, comprimento padrão, peso total e rnedida da cavidade celomática, além de análises anatômicas e histológicas da cavidade bucal, estômago e intestino. Jovens de H. malabaricus apresentam hábito alimentar insetívoro, enquanto que os adultos, ictiófago. Os dentes mandibulares são fortes e cônicos, caracteristicos de espécies predadoras. Os rastros branquiais são pouco numerosos, fortes e longos. Possui o estômago do tipo sifonal com a mucosa bem desenvolvida com pregas altas e arredondadas. As criptas gástricas são rasas e estreitas, corn a lâmina própria da região pilórica aglandular. 0 intestino é curto corn as alças descrevendo poucas curvas, sendo que nas regiões anterior e media a camada mucosa apresenta pregas altas, estreitas e corn anastomoses, diminuindo de tamanho em direção a região posterior. Abstract Some aspects of the feeding habits and the morphology of the digestive tract are investigated in Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Erythinidae), in Lagoa Dourada, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, captured between April 1993 and April 1994. From each specimen, the following measurements/data was determined: total and standard length, weight, length of abdominal cavity. Histological and anatomical analyses were perforrned on the buccal cavity, stomach, and intestine. Youngs of H. malabaricus are insectivorous, while the adults are piscivorous. The conical and strong jaw teeth are characteristic of predaceous species. There are few long and strong gill rakers. The stomach is syphon type with high and rounded mucosal folds. Gastric pits are shallow and thin, with aglandular pyloric lamina propria. The short intestinal conduct has few loops. Mucous membrane folds of the anterior and medium regions are hight, narrow and depicts anastomosis that reduce toward the posterior region. Résumé Quelques aspects du comportament alimentaire et de la morphologie du tube digestif sont recherchés dans l’espèce Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Erythrinidae), du Lagoa Dourada, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brésil. Les poissons ont été captures entre avril 1993 et avril 1994. De chaque spècime, les suivantes mesures ont été determinées: la longueur totale et standart, le poids, la longueur de la creux abdominale. Les analyses histologiques et anatomiques ont été faites de la cavité bucale, de l’estomac et de l’intestin. Les jeunes de Haplias malabaricus sont insecticvores alors que les adultes mangent des poissons. Les dents fortes e coniques de la mandibule sont caractéristiques des espèces predateurs. Li y a peu de traces lamelleires longues et fortes. L’estomac est du tipe siphon ayant. Les plis de la muqueuse elevés et arrondis. Les creux de l’estomac sont ras e minces, avec la lamina propria piloric aglandulaire. L’intestin court n’a pas beaucoup d’anses. Les plis de la membrane muqueuse des regions anterieurs et moyennes sont hautes et étroites et elles décrivent les anastomosis qui les diminuent vers la region postérieure.

Heteronormativity and Developing Masculinities at a Primary School in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luckmore Chimanzi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Male Identity ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Diary Research

This article explores the development of heteronormativity and the construction of masculinities at a township primary school in South Africa. In this study, boys and girls chastise homosexuality yet maintain their male-to-male and female-to-female social bonds. Homosocial or male-to-male social bonds have a bearing on the construction of male identity. It is argued that homosocial relationships serve as a means through which certain boys negotiate and exhibit their masculinity in a process of identity formation in which heterosexuality is a key component. Qualitative data from focus groups and diary research with Grade 7 students (male and female) in a primary school are used. Boys engage in a number of games and acquire resources for themselves; hence, as a social unit, they portray themselves as heteronormative. Their solidarity plays a role in maintaining their power in relationships even though privately some of them expressed preference for more flexible constructions of masculinity.

scholarly journals Morphohistology of the Digestive Tract of the Damsel FishStegastes fuscus(Osteichthyes: Pomacentridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskara Canan ◽  
Wallace Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Naisandra Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Sathyabama Chellappa
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Transition Region ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Muscular Layer ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tidal Pools

This study investigated the morphohistology of the digestive tract and the mean intestinal coefficient of the damsel fishStegastes fuscuscaptured from the tidal pools of Northeastern Brazil. The wall of the digestive tract ofS. fuscusis composed of the tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa. The esophagus is short with sphincter and thick distensible wall with longitudinally folded mucosa. Mucous glands are predominant, and the muscular layer of the esophagus presented striated fibers all along its extension. The transition region close to the stomach shows plain and striated muscular fibers. Between the stomach and intestine, there are three pyloric caeca. The intestine is long and thin with four folds around the stomach. The anterior intestine presents folds similar to those of pyloric caeca. The estimated mean intestinal coefficient and characteristics of the digestive system ofS. fuscuspresent morphological adequacy for both herbivorous and omnivorous feeding habits.

Proximate composition of male and female African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (Tilapia zilli) in Jega river, Kebbi state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
W. M. Namaga ◽  
B. Yahaya ◽  
M. A. Salam
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Juvenile Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish is highly nutritious, tasty, and easily digestible. It is much sought after by a broad cross-section of the world’s population, particularly in developing countries as it provides the cheapest protein source. Nigeria is blessed with numerous inland freshwater rivers and lakes scattered all over the country. This freshwater habitat consists of many species of fish that have successfully dominated all niches over time and have for many reasons remained unstudied. The situation concealed a lot of scientific information particularly on food security and safety to the inmates and the country at large. Jega River which transcended many States in the North-Western part of Nigeria to open into the river Niger is one of such rivers largely uncared for, study-wise. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) have been wisely selected for the present proximate composition studies. The juveniles of these fishes were purchased from local fishermen in Mariner Waje landing site of the river which flows by Jega town, a local government area in Kebbi State, Nigeria. For the study, the methodology approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) was used to determine the proximate composition of the fishes. The highest percentage crude protein content of 49.18 ± 0.30% was observed in juvenile female C. gariepinus; while the lowest protein content of 39.22± 0.50% was observed in juvenile male T. zilli. The highest percentage lipid content of 11.75± 1.50% was observed in juvenile female tilapia; while the lowest percentage lipid content of 6.25± 0.29% was observed in male African catfish. The highest percentage fibre content of 4.00 ± 0.29% was observed in male and female C. gariepinus, while the lowest percentage fibre content of 0.75± 0.29% was observed in male tilapia. There were variations (p< 0.05) when the protein and lipid contents of both the species were compared with each other. There was also a significant difference (p< 0.05) when the carbohydrate contents were compared between the fish species, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) when the fibre content was compared within the species. The analyses showed that both the male and female fish species studied had high protein contents.

Immunocytochemical demonstration of a SALMFamide-like neuropeptide in the nervous system of adult and larval stages of the human blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Brownlee ◽  
I. Fairweather ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
M. C. Thorndyke ◽  
P. J. Skuce
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Male Worm ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Nerve Cords

SUMMARYThe localization and distribution of SALMFamide immunoreactivity (IR), SI(GFNSALMFamide), in the nervous system of both the adult and larval stages of the trematode Schistosoma mansoni has been determined by an indirect immunofluorescent technique in conjunction with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Immunostaining was widespread in the nervous system of adult male and female S. mansoni. In the central nervous system (CNS), IR was evident in nerve cells and fibres in the anterior ganglia, cerebral commissure and dorsal and ventral nerve cords. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), IR was apparent in nerve plexuses associated with the subtegmental musculature, oral and ventral suckers, the lining of the gynaecophoric canal, and in fine nerve fibres innervating the dorsal tubercles of the male worm. In the reproductive system of male and female worms, Sl-IR was only observed around the ootype/Mehlis' gland complex in the female. Immunostaining was also evident in the nervous system of both miracidium and cercarial larval stages. A post-embedding, IgG-conjugated colloidal gold immunostaining technique was employed to examine the subcellular distribution of SALMFamide-IR in the CNS of S. mansoni. Gold labelling of peptide was localized over dense-cored vesicles within nerve cell bodies and fibres constituting the neuropile of the anterior ganglia, cerebral commissure and nerve cords of the CNS. Antigen pre-absorption studies indicated that the results obtained do suggest S1-like immunostaining and not cross-reactivity with other peptides, in particular FMRFamide.

scholarly journals The first record of black bullhead Ameiurus melas (Pisces, Ictaluridae) in Serbian waters

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cvijanovic ◽  
Mirjana Lenhardt ◽  
Aleksandar Hegedis
Keyword(s):  
Standard Length ◽  
First Record ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Gill Nets ◽  
Black Bullhead ◽  
Ameiurus Melas

On the 14th of June, 2005, in the Danube side channel "Jojkic" (N 44?50'33.1??, E 20?27'46.1??) near Belgrade, we recorded the presence of A. melas, ranging in weight (W) from 11.2 g to 135.6 g, and standard length (Ls) from 70 mm to 173 mm. Specimens were obtained from professional fishermen, who caught them with gill nets, as well from sport fishermen using fishing roads. Also, on 28th of May, 2005, on the lake "Savsko jezero" (N 44?47'20.1??, E 20?24'54.6??), we collected two specimens with gill nets. They were held in an aquarium until the 20th of June, when they were analyzed. Their weight (W) was 48.8 g and 97.5 g, their standard length (Ls) 145 mm and 183 mm, respectively.

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