scholarly journals 'Emerging' mycobacteria in South Africa : review article

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Van Helden ◽  
S.D.C. Parsons ◽  
N.C. Gey van Pittius
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Mycobacterial Species ◽  
Rock Hyrax ◽  
Suricata Suricatta ◽  
Genus Mycobacterium ◽  
Procavia Capensis ◽  
Mycobacterium Goodii ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Ruffed Lemur

Disease can be caused by various species of the genus Mycobacterium. A number of reports, both published and unpublished, of rarely reported mycobacteria have surfaced in South Africa in the last few years. Some unusual hosts have also been involved, causing concern in some quarters.These include reports on Mycobacterium goodii in a spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta), M. xenopi in a ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata), M. intracellulare in wild-caught chacma baboons (Papio ursinus), the 'dassie bacillus' in free ranging rock hyrax (dassies; Procavia capensis) the 'oryx bacillus' from free-ranging buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and M. tuberculosis in suricates (Suricata suricatta), a domestic dog and in baboons. In this article it has been attempted to put these in context and show how improved surveillance and technologies have allowed mycobacteria to be identified to species level more easily. Most of the unusual mycobacterial species have most likely been present in the region for many years and have probably caused disease episodes before, but have been misdiagnosed. Each case must be evaluated carefully with respect to the animal species involved, the environment in which the host is found and the mycobacterial species, and operational decisions made accordingly.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequence of a Mycobacterium goodii Isolate from a Pediatric Patient in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushal Allam ◽  
Lavania Joseph ◽  
Farzana Ismail ◽  
Halima Said ◽  
Nazir A. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Mycobacterial Species ◽  
Mycobacterium Goodii

ABSTRACT We describe here the draft genome sequence of a Mycobacterium goodii isolate from a pediatric patient in Western Cape, South Africa. To our knowledge, this is the second reported genome of this rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial species.

Size Variation in the Rock Hyrax (Procavia capensis) and Late Quaternary Climatic Change in South Africa

1996 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Klein ◽  
Kathryn Cruz-Uribe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Rock Hyrax ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Procavia Capensis ◽  
The Relationship

The average adult size of the rock hyrax varies greatly across South Africa. Regression analysis suggests that mean hyrax size is more closely linked to precipitation than to temperature, probably because precipitation has a much greater impact on preferred hyrax food plants. The relationship between mean size and precipitation is curvilinear, such that size increases up to about 700 mm/annum and declines thereafter. This parallels a tendency for less palatable grasses to replace more palatable ones where rainfall exceeds 700 mm/annum. In conjunction with other indicators of past climate, hyrax size variation can be used to reconstruct precipitation history near deeply stratified South African late Quaternary sites, including Elands Bay Cave, Die Kelders Cave 1, and Nelson Bay Cave.

Two new species of Garreta Janssens, 1940 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Southern Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4450 (2) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
ADRIAN L.V. DAVIS ◽  
CHRISTIAN M. DESCHODT
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Rock Hyrax ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Procavia Capensis ◽  
Low Altitude

Two new, putative, closely-related species of dung beetles are described in the genus Garreta Janssens, 1940 (tribe Gymnopleurini). Garreta australugens new species, is known from various dung types in the southeast lowlands of Africa (validated for South Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe with a probable record from Botswana). It is, here, separated at species level from its putative closest relative, Garreta lugens (Fairmaire, 1891), recorded from the lowlands of northeast Africa (validated for Kenya with additional records from Ethiopia, Somalia and Tanzania). These two taxa were formerly considered to comprise a single species. All specimens in the type series of Garreta namalugens new species, were recorded at low altitude in arid, rocky mountains from west central to northwest Namibia, mostly on dung in communal middens of the Rock Hyrax (Procavia capensis (Pallas, 1766)). 

Spatial genetic structure in the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) across the Namaqualand and western Fynbos areas of South Africa — a mitochondrial and microsatellite perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 557-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Visser ◽  
T.J. Robinson ◽  
B. Jansen van Vuuren
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Rock Hyrax ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Rocky Habitat ◽  
Procavia Capensis

The interplay between biotic and abiotic environments is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of spatial genetic patterns. Among spatial genetic studies, saxicolous or rock-dwelling species remain underrepresented in spite of their strict dependence on landscape structure. Here we investigated patterns and processes operating at different spatial (fine and regional scales) and time scales (using mitochondrial and microsatellite markers) in the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis (Pallas, 1766)). Our focus was on the western seaboard of South Africa and included two recognized biodiversity hotspots (Cape Floristic Region and Succulent Karoo). At fine spatial scale, significant genetic structure was present between four rocky outcrops in an isolated population, likely driven by the social system of this species. At a broader spatial scale, ecological dependence on rocky habitat and population-level processes, in conjunction with landscape structure, appeared to be the main drivers of genetic diversity and structure. Large areas devoid of suitable rocky habitat (e.g., the Knersvlakte, Sandveld, and Cape Flats, South Africa) represent barriers to gene flow in the species, although genetic clusters closely follow climatic, geological, and phytogeographic regions, possibly indicating ecological specialization or adaptation as contributing factors enforcing isolation. Taken together, our study highlights the need to consider both intrinsic and extrinsic factors when investigating spatial genetic structures within species.

Patch use and site selection by a rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) in a human-dominated landscape in the West Bank of Palestine

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-573
Author(s):  
Ikram Salah ◽  
Anton Khalilieh ◽  
Burt Kotler
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
The West ◽  
Rock Hyrax ◽  
Patch Use ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Procavia Capensis

AbstractPopulations of rock hyraxes (Procavia capensis) increasingly occur in urbanizing areas of the Palestinian West Bank, and throughout the Middle East, in part due to construction methods that create rock piles that shelter hyraxes. We quantified activity densities of the hyraxes, environmental variables, and plant cover at four sites that differ in urbanization. The highest numbers occurred in the most urban site and peaked in June and October, with hyraxes traveling farther distances from their dens late in the season (October). Sites with higher activity densities of hyraxes had higher vapor pressures, signifying more mesic conditions. Thus, urbanization aids the expansion of hyraxes.

scholarly journals Ovarian cycle activity varies with respect to age and social status in free-ranging elephants in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. cot025-cot025 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Freeman ◽  
J. M. Meyer ◽  
S. B. Putman ◽  
B. A. Schulte ◽  
J. L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Status ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ovarian Cycle ◽  
Free Ranging

Baseline Hematologic Results for Free-ranging White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) in Kruger National Park, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 916-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Miller ◽  
Peter Buss ◽  
Rachel Wanty ◽  
Sven Parsons ◽  
Paul van Helden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Ceratotherium Simum ◽  
White Rhinoceros ◽  
Free Ranging
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