scholarly journals Thrombocytopaenia in canine babesiosis and its clinical usefulness

2003 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kettner ◽  
F. Reyers ◽  
D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Thrombocyte Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Haematological Finding

Canine babesiosis is a common cause of thrombocytopaenia but there are few formal studies that have investigated this haematological finding in dogs. Thrombocyte counts from full blood counts were retrospectively analysed for the years 1996-2002. Thrombocyte counts and mean platelet volumes of dogs with babesiosis were compared with those of dogs, seen over the same period of time, that did not have babesiosis. There were 1162 cases in the Babesiosis group and 10 808 in the Non-babesiosis group.Afrequency distribution of the thrombocyte counts showed a trimodal distribution in the Non-babesiosis group compared to a bimodal distribution in the Babesiosis group, with a strong positive skewness. The modes for the frequency distributions were 10, 40, 300 and 10, 35 × 109/l thrombocytes, respectively. The median thrombocyte count in the Babesiosis group was 14 × 109/l and 282 × 109/l in the Non-babesiosis group. There was a statistically significant difference in the median thrombocyte count between the Babesiosis group and the Non-babesiosis group. In the Babesiosis group, 99 %of the thrombocyte counts were below the lower reference range value (250 × 109/l ) and 62 % of thrombocyte counts were below 25 × 109/l . The mean platelet volume (11.1 fl) for the Babesiosis group was greater than the reference range (6-10 fl) and significantly larger than in the Non-babesiosis group (median 9.7 fl). Thrombocyte counts greater than 110 and 250×109/l had a predictive value that the dog was not suffering from babesiosis of 99.3 % and 99.8 %, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the thrombocyte counts of dogs with babesiosis when grouped by parasitaemia scores. The mechanisms of the thrombocytopaenia are not fully understood, and multiple mechanisms, including concomitant thrombocytopaeniainducing diseases such as ehrlichiosis, probably result in this haematological finding. Babesiosis in the South African canine population is associated with thrombocytopaenia in nearly all patients and is severe in the majority of them. In the absence of thrombocytopaenia, babesiosis is an unlikely diagnosis.

Clinical manifestations of canine babesiosis in Hungary (63 cases)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Á. Máthé ◽  
K. Vörös ◽  
L. Papp ◽  
J. Reiczigel
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organ Manifestations ◽  
The Mean

Clinical observations of Babesia canis infection in 63 dogs during a 1-year period are summarised, demonstrating the pathogenicity of the Babesia strain endemic in Hungary. Most patients had babesiosis in the spring and autumn, correlating with the seasonal activity of ticks. Male animals appeared in higher numbers, probably due to an overrepresentation of outdoor dogs. Uncomplicated babesiosis was diagnosed in 32 cases. The disease affected dogs of any age in this study. Symptoms were similar to those published from other parts of the world: lethargy, fever, splenomegaly, pallor, icterus, haemoglobinuria and presence of ticks were the most common observations. Thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and neutropenia were frequent haemogram changes. Imidocarb appeared to be highly effective in eliminating the Babesia infection. Thirty-one animals demonstrated babesiosis with complications. Most Rottweilers (7/9) developed complicated disease. Old age was a risk factor for multiple complications. Multiple organ manifestations had poor prognosis. Hepatopathy (44%), pancreatitis (33%), acute renal failure (ARF; 31%) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC; 24%) were frequent complications, while immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA; 10%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; 6%) and cerebral babesiosis (3%) were rarely observed. There was a significant difference between the mean age of dogs having uncomplicated disease, babesiosis with a single complication and babesiosis with multiple complications (3.4, 4.8 and 8.6 years, respectively, p < 0.001). The recovery rate (78, 68 and 25%, respectively, p = 0.005) and mortality rate (3, 21 and 67%, respectively, p < 0.001) also tended to differ significantly in these groups. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and DIC are two possible pathways leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in babesiosis. DIC was found to predict MODS more sensitively in this study than SIRS: there were 6 animals developing MODS out of 11 identified with DIC, while only 5 dogs developed MODS out of 22 having SIRS.

scholarly journals The sequelae of untreated maternal hypothyroidism

2004 ◽  
pp. U45-U48 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Mitchell ◽  
RZ Klein
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Normal Reference Range ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Normal Reference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Pregnancy

The concept that gestational subclinical hypothyroidism could have deleterious effects on the intellectual outcome of progeny was championed more than three decades ago by Evelyn Man in a series of publications. Her studies lay fallow until the Spanish group directed by Morreale de Escobar and the Dutch group headed by Vulsma provided the rationale for her results. Although the findings of the Spanish and Dutch groups elucidated the pathophysiologic basis for Man's conclusions, questions remained regarding the reliability of her biochemical measurements and possible bias in patient selection. In view of the uncertainty surrounding the validity of Man's work, we decided to try to confirm her findings. Our initial goal was to obtain an estimate of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in an unselected population living in New England. We accomplished this with two separate prospective studies involving 12 000 pregnant women residing in Maine. We found that 2.3% had TSH concentrations of >6.0 mU/l and 0.3% had TSH values of >12 mU/l at 17 weeks' gestation. We next did a retrospective study, utilizing sera that had been stored at -20 degrees C for 8 years, obtained in week 17 of gestation from 25 000 women. We identified 62 women with subclinical hypothyroidism and 124 matched controls. Fourteen of the hypothyroid mothers had been diagnosed and treated before and during pregnancy on a dosage of thyroxine that was unchanged. WISC IQs of the offspring of the 124 control and 62 hypothyroid mothers were determined at 8+/-0.5 years. The mean and s.d. of IQs of the children of the 124 control and of the 14 treated hypothyroid mothers were significantly higher than those of the children of the 48 untreated hypothyroid women. More than twice as many children of the untreated mothers had IQs of >1 s.d. below the control mean, and four times as many of the children had IQs 2 s.d. below the control mean, as did the children of the controls. A comparison of the mean hormonal values of the treated and untreated mothers at 17 weeks showed no significant difference in any of the biochemical markers. We surmise that the circulating level of thyroxine was normal in the treated mothers at a critical time before 17 weeks' gestation, but by 17 weeks it was insufficient to meet the growing demands of pregnancy. Treatment should begin as early as possible in pregnancy with the goal of maintaining free thyroxine (FT(4)) in the upper half of the normal reference range and TSH in the lower half of the normal reference range. In view of these data, we believe that all pregnant women should be screened for hypothyroidism as early in pregnancy as possible (or even before conception). To be cost-effective, screening programs should be based on those designed for congenital hypothyroidism, in which filter-paper blood specimens are forwarded to regional laboratories for thyroid function determinations.

Parallel Comparison of Cancer Antigen 15.3 and Cancer Antigen 27.29 in Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S83-S83
Author(s):  
Qing Wei ◽  
Liyun Cao ◽  
Robert Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Postoperative Surveillance ◽  
Ca 15.3 ◽  
Deming Regression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives Mucins are large and complex glycoproteins expressed by several epithelial tissues. The expression of MUC1 mucin is upregulated in breast cancer and the protein is released in high amounts in patients’ blood. Cancer antigens (CA) 15.3 and CA 27.29, which measure different epitopes of MUC1 protein, are useful biomarkers for postoperative surveillance and therapy monitoring of advanced breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare CA 15.3 assay and CA 27.29 assay by using paired patient samples. Methods The study was performed in 523 patient samples. CA 15.3 was measured by a sandwich assay on Beckman Coulter UniCel® DxI 800. CA 27. 29 was measured by a competitive immunoassay on Siemens ADVIA Centaur System. Results On Deming regression, the slope was 0.310 with an intercept of 8.6 and correlation coefficient of 0.951. The mean bias between the two assays was –39.2 (–56.6%). The agreement of the two methods was 89% (n = 467), among which, 12% (n = 62) were positive for both CA 15.3 and CA 27.29 (above the upper limit of the reference range), and 77% (n = 405) were negative for both assays (within the reference range). The disagreement was 11% (n = 56), which showed positive CA 27.29 and negative CA 15.3. The correlation coefficient between CA 15.3 and CA 27.29 is 0.9085 when both are positive and 0.6315 when both are negative. The bias is –238.9 (–84.7%) when both are positive and –8.5 (–52.4%) when both are negative. Paired t tests showed significant difference (P < .001) between the CA 15.3 and CA 27.29 in both positive samples and both negative samples. Conclusion In summary, there is a good correlation between CA 15.3 tested on Beckman Coulter UniCel® DxI 800 and CA 27.29 on ADVIA Centaur System. However, with the negative bias, they should not be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Reference Values for the Ophthalmic Schirmer Tear Test and the Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Chinchillas

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
M. Richards ◽  
A. Trbolová
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Topical Anaesthesia ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The objective of this study was to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) and tear production before and after topical anaesthesia in healthy chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera). Thirteen healthy non-sedated chinchillas (eight males and five females) were used in this study. The tear production was measured by the novel endodontic paper point tear test (PPTT) using Roeko Colour No. 30 Paper points. Following the PPTT, one drop of 0.4 % oxybuprokainium chloride was added to the eye to anaesthetise the cornea and the IOP was measured using the Tono-Pen Avia®Vet. Excess anaesthetic was removed from the conjunctival fornix using a sterile cotton tipped applicator and the PPTT II was performed. The PPTT I and II were measured in 26 eyes, mean ± standard deviations (SD) were 7.98 ± 1.95 mm.min−1, and 9.71 ± 3.52 mm.min−1 respectively. The IOP was measured in 20 eyes, and the mean ± SD was 28.52 ± 12.48 mmHg (35.50 ± 9.31 mmHg in males and 21.53 ± 11.57 mmHg in females). There was no significant difference in the PPTT results between the left and right eyes or between the male and female groups. The males were found to have a significantly higher IOP than females and the PPTT II was significantly greater than the PPTT I. The PPTT test proved to be effective, easy to use, and reliable, causing little apparent discomfort to the chinchillas and could prove to be a much more effective tool than the Schirmer tear test for the evaluation of the tear production in animals with small eyes and/or low aqueous tear production. The mean intraocular pressure proved to be much higher in this population of chinchillas than those previously studied and so further investigation is warranted before a reliable reference range may be produced.

scholarly journals Reference Ranges for Serum Uric Acid among Healthy Assamese People

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhumita Das ◽  
N. C. Borah ◽  
M. Ghose ◽  
N. Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

This study was designed to establish reference ranges for serum uric acid among healthy adult Assamese population. Samples from 1470 aged 35–86 years were used to establish age and sex related reference range by the centile method (central 95 percentile) for serum uric acid level. There were 51% (n=754) males and 49% (n=716) females; 75.9% (n=1115) of them were from urban area and the rest 24.1% (n=355) were from the rural area. Majority of the population were nonvegetarian (98.6%,n=1450) and only 1.4% (n=20) were vegetarian. The mean age, weight, height, and uric acid of the studied group were53.6±11.3years,62.6±10.5 kg,160±9.4 cm, and5.5±1.4 mg/dL, respectively. There is a statistically significant difference in the mean value of the abovementioned parameters between male and female. The observed reference range of uric acid in the population is 2.6–8.2 mg/dL which is wider than the current reference range used in the laboratory. Except gender (P<0.0001), we did not find any significant relation of uric acid with other selected factors.

No Relation Between Zinc Status and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adolescent Judokas

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemizia Francisca de Sousa ◽  
Laiana Sepúlveda de Andrade Mesquita ◽  
Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz ◽  
Ana Raquel Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. This study aimed to assess the relation between zinc status and inflammation biomarkers in adolescent judokas. This cross-sectional study included 52 male adolescents, aged between 14 and 19 years, who were subdivided into two groups: judoka group (n = 25) and control group (n = 27). Zinc intake was monitored using 3-day food records and the NutWin software version 1.5. The plasma and erythrocyte zinc concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Analysis of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) was performed. The mean values of zinc concentration in the diet were found to be higher than those recommended (11.0±3.9 mg/day and 20.3±11.9 mg/day for control group and judokas, respectively) although there was no significant difference between the groups. The mean plasma concentrations of zinc were below the reference range (71.4±16.0 μg/dL and 71.9±13.8 μg/dL for control group and judokas, respectively), without a significant difference between the groups. The mean concentrations of zinc erythrocyte were within the reference range (41.2±8.6 μg/gHb and 42.6±11.3 μg/gHb for control group and judokas, respectively), without a significant difference between the groups. There was no significant difference in the inflammatory biomarkers between the judokas and controls. There was not a significant correlation between biochemical parameters of zinc and inflammation biomarkers in adolescent judokas. Regarding the data found in the study, it can be concluded that the athletes evaluated have low plasma zinc concentrations, normal erythrocyte values, and high dietary intake of zinc. Moreover, the study don’t show a relationship between zinc parameters and inflammatory markers evaluated.

Disorientation of Paleozoic hemispherical corals and stromatoporoids

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2226-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Kobluk ◽  
David J. Bottjer ◽  
Michael J. Risk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lateral Transport ◽  
Soft Substrate ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Current Action ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Manlius Formation

The size distribution and orientation of massive hemispherical tabulate corals and hemispherical stromatoporoids from the Fossil Hill and Manitoulin Formations on Manitoulin Island (Niagaran and Alexandrian, Ontario), and of hemispherical stromatoporoids in the Flume and Upper Cairn Members of the Miette reef complex (Frasnian, Alberta) and the Jamesville Member of the Manlius Formation (Helderbergian, New York), was determined. In all five sample populations there is no statistically significant difference in the mean size between populations of heads in growth position and those disoriented. The process or processes responsible for disorienting heads evidently did not selectively disorient or remove specific size classes. Such disorientation, associated with little lateral transport of heads, could have been accomplished by infrequent short-lived strong wave and current action (storms), structural or soft substrate instability caused by increasing skeleton size due to growth or bioerosion, or some as yet unknown factor.Size-frequency distributions are potentially of value in separating in-place populations from those that have undergone disorientation or transport by size-selective processes. In a paleoenvironmental study this type of data, in conjunction with other information, such as sedimentological evidence or presence or absence of borers, could then be used to help determine the processes of disorientation and (or) transport.

scholarly journals Drop Size Distribution Variability in Central Argentina during RELAMPAGO-CACTI

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2026
Author(s):  
Candela Casanovas ◽  
Paola Salio ◽  
Victoria Galligani ◽  
Brenda Dolan ◽  
Stephen W. Nesbitt
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Drop Size ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Drop Size Distribution ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Meso-scale/micro-scale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations (RELAMPAGO) and the Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions Experiment Proposal (CACTI) field campaigns provided an unprecedented thirteen-disdrometer dataset in Central Argentina during the Intensive (IOP, 15 November to 15 December 2018) and Extended (EOP, 15 October 2018 to 30 April 2019) Observational Periods. The drop size distribution (DSD) parameters and their variability were analyzed across the region of interest, which was divided into three subregions characterized by the differing proximity to the Sierras de Córdoba (SDC), in order to assess the impact of complex terrain on the DSD parameters. A rigorous quality control of the data was first performed. The frequency distributions of DSD-derived parameters were analyzed, including the normalized intercept parameter (logNw), the mean volume diameter (D0), the mean mass diameter (Dm), the shape parameter (μ), the liquid water content (LWC), and the rain rate (R). The region closest to the SDC presented higher values of logNw, lower D0, and higher μ, while the opposite occurred in the farthest region, i.e., the concentration of small drops decreased while the concentration of bigger drops increased with the distance to the east of the SDC. Furthermore, the region closest to the SDC showed a bimodal distribution of D0: the lower values of D0 were associated with higher values of logNw and were found more frequently during the afternoon, while the higher D0 were associated with lower logNw and occurred more frequently during the night. The data were analyzed in comparison to the statistical analysis of Dolan et al. 2018 and sorted according to the classification proposed in the cited study. The logNw-D0 and LWC-D0 two-dimensional distributions allowed further discussion around the applicability of other mid-latitude and global precipitation classification schemes (startiform/convection) in the region of interest. Finally, three precipitation case studies were analyzed with supporting polarimetric radar data in order to relate the DSD characteristics to the precipitation type and the microphysical processes involved in each case.

Vowel Recognition Threshold as a Function of Temporal Segmentations

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Powell ◽  
Oscar Tosi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Vowel Sound ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vowel Recognition ◽  
Temporal Segment

Vowels were segmented into 15 different temporal segments taken from the middle of the vowel and ranging from 4 to 60 msecs, then presented to 6 subjects with normal hearing. The mean temporal-segment recognition threshold of 15 msecs with a range from 9.3 msecs for the /u/ to 27.2 milliseconds for the /a/. Misidenti-fication of vowels was most often confused with the vowel sound adjacent to it on the vowel-hump diagram. There was no significant difference between the cardinal and noncardinal vowels.

Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Blood Glycohemoglobin Levels in Young Diabetics

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
A. Aydrner ◽  
A. Oto ◽  
E. Oram ◽  
O. Gedik ◽  
C. F. Bekdik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Filling Fraction ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Left ventricular function including regional wall motion (RWM) was evaluated by 99mTc first-pass and equilibrium gated blood pool ventriculography and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) blood levels determined by a quantitative column technique in 25 young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus without clinical evidence of heart disease, and in healthy controls matched for age and sex. Phase analysis revealed abnormal RWM in 19 of 21 diabetic patients. The mean left ventricular global ejection fraction, the mean regional ejection fraction and the mean 1/3 filling fraction were lower and the time to peak ejection, the time to peak filling and the time to peak ejection /cardiac cycle were longer in diabetics than in controls. We found high HbA1c levels in all diabetics. There was no significant difference between patients with and without retinopathy and with and without peripheral neuropathy in terms of left ventricular function and HbA1c levels.

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