scholarly journals Knowledge, perceptions and practices of pharmacovigilance amongst community and hospital pharmacists in a selected district of North West Province, South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Joubert ◽  
Panjasaram Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Pharmacists ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Province

Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) as a means of ensuring drug safety is an essential component of the process ensuring that the risk of drug use does not outweigh the benefit. Pharmacists are valuable in collecting PV information, but not many studies explored the knowledge, perceptions and practices of both community and hospital pharmacists towards the practice of PV.Objectives: The aim of the study was to explore the knowledge, perceptions and practise of PV amongst the pharmacists in a selected district of North West Province, South Africa.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted amongst pharmacists in a selected district of the North West province, using a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results including ANOVA testing.Results: One hundred and two pharmacists (68.9%) completed the questionnaire. Although familiar with the concept of PV, pharmacists knowledge scores were low. Pharmacists agreed that PV is a useful tool, but perceived the PV authorities to be distant and remote. Although more than 90% indicated that all adverse drug reactions should be reported, only 44.1% indicated that they have reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Only 6.7% of pharmacists were satisfied with feedback received from authorities after reporting an ADR. Barriers were cited that prevented them from reporting ADRs. Over 80% indicated they would participate in further PV training.Conclusion: The majority of pharmacists are familiar with the concept of PV, but less than half reported any ADR. They are willing to participate in PV processes but are unsure what their exact role playing should be. More than half indicated that they would like to see improvements to the current PV system in South Africa. The majority are prepared to undergo further education to improve their PV knowledge.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of Iraqi pharmacists in Baghdad community toward ‎adverse drug reactions monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Samer Imad Mohammed ◽  
Amna Fouad Abdul Al-razaq
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Wide Range

Objectives:Adverse drug reactions (ADR‎s) can lead to many complications associated with the use of medications .In Iraq where a wide range of medications misused widely due to different reasons, the Iraqi pharmacovigilance program started out few years ago to collect information about adverse drugs reactions and since the success of this program depends on the effective participation of all medical staffs including pharmacists in this program. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and degree of awareness of Iraqi pharmacists in Baghdad community toward adverse drugs reactions monitoring and pharmacovigilance program.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey based on individual questionnairethat administered in the English language to a convenience sample of 150 pharmacists working in 3 colleges of pharmacy, 20 community pharmacies and 3 hospitals situated in different areas of Baghdad which are the capital of Iraq. The questionnaire consists of three parts that collect demographic data on the ‎participants and their knowledge, attitudes toward Pharmacovigilance‎. Results: Although about (62%) of pharmacists have observed ADRs in their practice‎ only half of the respondents have heard about the term pharmacovigilance, 48% were aware of the national PV program ‎‎.Moreover , (‎47.33%‎) of the respondents mentioned that ADRs associated with herbal ‎products should not be reported. Although ‎79% of the respondents thought that reporting ADRs is a pharmacist’s duty nevertheless 82% of them  ‎thought that ADRs reporting in Iraq is not widely promoted by the relevant authority .The study showed a high tendency for participation in an adverse drug reaction  monitoring program. Interestingly,‎ 60% of respondents report that their workplace ‎doesn’t encourage them for reporting ADRs, while 48% of respondents indicated that they don’t ‎have enough time for reporting ADRs and 38% of them declared their fearing of facing ‎legal problem from that .  ‎Conclusion: Iraqi pharmacists although have a high tendency in participation in ADR monitoring  program but have  a poor knowledge about pharmacovigilance practices; they lack ‎understanding of the details about the national PV system and ADRs ‎reporting process and may need more information on how ADRs ‎reporting are performed. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitudes, Adverse drug reactions, Pharmacovigilance.

Habitual physical activity and body composition of black township adolescents residing in the North West Province, South Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1047-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Mamabolo ◽  
HS Kruger ◽  
A Lennox ◽  
MA Monyeki ◽  
AE Pienaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Black Township

AbstractObjectiveIt is known that stunting and obesity affect a large proportion of children in the world, and these can be affected by the physical activity levels of the children. In the present study, we evaluated the association between physical activity, physical development and body composition in black adolescent children.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingBlack township schools in the North West Province, South Africa.MethodsThree-hundred and thirteen grade 8 children were included in the Physical Activity in Youth study. Anthropometric measurements, body composition measures and maturity level as assessed by Tanner stages were determined in these children. In addition, Previous Day Physical Activity Recall questionnaires were administered on the children to record the various activities they undertake daily.ResultsThe demographic characteristics of the children showed a high level of homogeneity. A high prevalence of stunting (16.3%) was observed in the children, which was higher in boys than in girls (21.6 vs. 12.3%). Also prevalent was overweight/obesity (8.6%), but this was higher in girls than in boys (13.4 vs. 1.6%). The children also showed a reduction in levels of physical activity with advancement in maturity; furthermore, boys showed a more central form of fat deposition whilst girls showed more gynoid deposition.ConclusionsThe study revealed that physical activity plays a role in determining body composition, and further indicated that physical activity is associated with favourable body composition measures. Children who were more active were likely to have less fat deposits.

scholarly journals Determinants of Household Income and Willingness to Pay for Indigenous Plants in North West Province, South Africa: A Two-Stage Heckman Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5458
Author(s):  
Abiodun Olusola Omotayo ◽  
Peter Tshepiso Ndhlovu ◽  
Seleke Christopher Tshwene ◽  
Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju ◽  
Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Food System ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heckman Model ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Province

Using a cross-sectional dataset, this study examines the factors influencing the income and willingness to pay for indigenous plants by rural households in the North West Province of South Africa. The method of data analysis was based on a two-stage Heckman model. Based on empirical data, the majority (93%) of the households are willing to pay for the indigenous plants. Furthermore, factors such as the age of the household’s head, marital status, size of households, financial returns and economic benefit of indigenous plants significantly influenced income and willingness to pay for indigenous plants by the households. Thus, indigenous plants have the potential to penetrate local and international markets and can be used to improve the economies, livelihood, and food security status of rural households in South Africa. Indigenous plant cultivation can increase agro-food system species diversity while conserving plant species indigenous to this area of South Africa. Encouraging both consumption and production of indigenous plants can also help diversify local economies and communities.

scholarly journals Level of job satisfaction amongst nurses in the North-West Province, South Africa: Post occupational specific dispensation

Curationis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisinyana H. Khunou ◽  
Mashudu Davhana-Maselesele
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Province

Background: Job satisfaction and burnout have been recurring problems amongst nurses in the Republic of South Africa (RSA). As a result, nurses are still leaving the rural public sector in search of lucrative work at the urban and private sectors and in developed countries. Accordingly, Occupational Specific Dispensation (OSD) was introduced as a strategy to ircumvent the problem. However, since the implementation of OSD in 2007, there have been no studies conducted regarding the level of job satisfaction amongst nurses after the implementation of OSD in the North-West Province, especially because each province has its own challenges that are unique to the area.Objectives: The study had two objectives: to describe the level of job satisfaction amongstprofessional and other category nurses (OCNs) at a public hospital in the North-West Provinceand describe the perceptions of nurses about OSD and their intention to continue working inthe hospital.Method: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Stratified random sampling was used to select a sample of 92 professional nurses (PNs), 90 enrolled nurses and enrolled nursing assistants (Nursing Act 2005), which made a total of 182 participants. For the purpose of the study, the enrolled nurses and enrolled nursing assistants were referred to as OCNs. Data were collected using the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire–short form and OSD statements and analysed with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 18).Results: The majority of PNs (79.3%, n = 73) and OCNs (86.7%, n = 77) were dissatisfied with the working conditions and salary: PNs (80.4%, n = 74) and OCNs (87.8%, n = 79). The nurses mostly discredited the current state of the OSD implementation. Majority of the PNs (84%, n = 77) and OCNs (91%, n = 82) disagreed with the statement that ‘level of job satisfaction has improved after the implementation of OSD’.Conclusions: The National Department of Health should consider a holistic approach to address all work-related conditions for nurses in order to curb the attrition rates. Policy makers and unions should urgently review OSD for all categories of nurses.

scholarly journals Mortality from adverse drug reactions in adult medical inpatients at four hospitals in South Africa: a cross-sectional survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes P. Mouton ◽  
Ushma Mehta ◽  
Andy G. Parrish ◽  
Douglas P. K. Wilson ◽  
Annemie Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Inpatients

scholarly journals Evaluation of directly observed treatment for tuberculosis in the Bojanala health district, North West Province of South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Tumbo ◽  
Gboyega A. Ogunbanjo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Health District ◽  
World Health ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top public health problems in South Africa. Approximately 150 000 new cases and 10 000 TB-related deaths are reported in South Africa annually. In declaring TB a global emergency in 1993, the World Health Organization developed control strategies that include active case finding, laboratory support, directly observed treatment (DOT), contact tracing, and prevention of multidrug– and extreme drugresistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB and XDR-TB). High DOT rates reported in some countries have been discordant with ‘low cure’ and ‘high MDR’ rates.Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of DOT for TB in the Bojanala health district, North West Province, South Africa, by estimating the proportion of DOT use (1) amongst all TB patients and (2) in the initial TB treatment regimen compared to retreatment regimens.Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in 2008. Data regarding implementation of DOT were collected from eight purposefully selected primary health care clinics and one prison clinic in the health district. Upon receiving their informed consent, a questionnaire was administered to patients receiving TB treatment at the selected facilities.Results: A total of 88 (of 90 selected) patients participated in the study, of whom 50(56.8%) were on DOT and had DOT supporters. However, 35 (40%) had never heard of DOT. DOT was used mainly for patients on the retreatment regimen (87.5%), rather than for those on first-line treatment (48.6%).Conclusion: In this South African rural health district, the DOT utilisation rate for TB was 56.8%, mainly for patients on the TB retreatment regimen. Strict implementation of DOT in all patients undergoing TB treatment is a known strategy for improving TB cure rate and preventing recurrence and drug resistance.

scholarly journals Stress among medical doctors working in public hospitals of the Ngaka Modiri Molema district (Mafikeng health region), North West province, South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Govender ◽  
E Mutunzi ◽  
H I Okonta
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Work Related ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Related Stress

<p><strong>Introduction.</strong> Stress and burnout are common among healthcare professionals, including doctors and nurses. Work-related stress rates among the general working population average 18%, while among doctors the rate is reported to be around 28%. Stress in doctors can result in multiple negative consequences. Detecting stress early may have positive outcomes for doctors, their families and the patients they care for. There is growing concern about stress in doctors working in public hospitals, yet there is a paucity of studies on stress among these doctors in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> A cross-sectional, descriptive study using a self-administered, standardised questionnaire (12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12)) was conducted among medical doctors working in four hospitals of the Ngaka Modiri Molema (NMM) district, North West province. The research questionnaire was distributed and returned anonymously to ensure confidentiality.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Of the 67 doctors in the study, 34 (51%) were found to be stressed; 18 (27%) of the participants were highly stressed (morbidly stressed). This result was compared with figures obtained by Govender in an earlier study conducted among private general practitioners in KwaDukuza, KwaZulu-Natal, in which 38% were stressed according to the GHQ-12; 23% of the subjects were morbidly stressed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The rate of stress among doctors working in the four hospitals of the NMM district is higher than that found in other studies, which report a stress prevalence of 28 - 38% among doctors.</p>

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