scholarly journals Vigs: Implikasies vir Suid-Afrikaanse verpleegkundiges — Deel 1

Curationis ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C Herbst
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Specific Malignancy

At present the number of AIDS victims in South Africa has been small with only 19 cases reported by 19 July 1985. Nurses in South Africa should however understand AIDS (Auto Immune Deficiency Syndrome) so that a possible sudden increase in the number of cases does not Find them unprepared. AIDS is a disease characterised by the development of an inexplicable immune deficiency. These patients develop fatal opportunistic infections and a specific malignancy — Kaposi Sarcoma. AIDS is believed to be caused by a retro-virus named HTLV-III. It seems to be spread through sexual contact, blood, blood products, syringes of drug-addicts and to a baby during the birth process. The diagnosis of AIDS is made on the basis of an opportunistic infection or the development of a malignancy. Four patterns have been identified including the pulmonary, central nervous system, gastro-intestinal and fever o f unknown origin patterns. (Next issue: Nursing patients with AIDS).

The Immunocompromised Patient: AIDS

Chest Imaging ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Juliana Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Normal Chest ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that results in decreased immunity and favors infectious or neoplastic conditions. The onset of clinical AIDS is defined by a CD4 count of less than 200 cells/mm3 or CD4 cells < 14% of all leukocytes in an HIV-positive patient, even in the absence of opportunistic infections. Imaging abnormalities in HIV(+) should be correlated with the CD4 count to narrow the differential diagnosis. Diffuse ground glass opacities (GGO) on CT in a patient with AIDS and hypoxemia, is virtually diagnostic of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). CT is indicated in HIV(+) patients with respiratory symptoms and normal chest radiographs. Suspect tuberculosis (TB) in patients with advanced AIDS and low CD4 counts presenting with consolidation and lymphadenopathy. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) may simulate cardiogenic pulmonary edema on imaging and should be suspected in patients without clinical evidence of edema.

scholarly journals Decreased 5' nucleotidase activity in lymphocytes from asymptomatic sexually active homosexual men and patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1016-1021
Author(s):  
JL Murray ◽  
JM Reuben ◽  
CG Munn ◽  
PW Mansell ◽  
GR Newell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

5′ Nucleotidase (5′NT) is an ectoenzyme associated with the plasma membrane of most mammalian cells. Low 5′NT activity has been observed in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with immunodeficiency states. 5′NT activity was measured in null and T-enriched lymphocytes from asymptomatic homosexual men and from 20 men with various degrees of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Asymptomatic homosexuals were self-referred because of their concern about AIDS and were not necessarily representative of homosexuals in the general population. Enzyme activity was significantly decreased in both null (7.0 +/- 2.4 nmol/10(6) cells/h) and T-enriched (12.0 +/- 6.0 nmol/10(6) cells/h) lymphocytes in homosexuals as compared to lymphocytes from aged-matched heterosexual male and female controls (null = 10.8 +/- 6.5 and T = 22.3 +/- 10.6, P less than .0001 and .008, respectively). Decreased activity was present regardless of whether the patients were asymptomatic, had prodromal symptoms such as fever, lymph node enlargement, weight loss and diarrhea, or had opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma. Homosexuals had a significantly higher fraction of lymphocytes expressing the activation antigens T10 (20% +/- 3.3%) and Ia (13% +/- 2.9%) than controls (11% +/- 1.8% and 5% +/- 0.8%, respectively, P less than .05). They also had a significantly lower fraction of OKT4-positive helper lymphocytes than controls (22% +/- 3.4% v 35% +/- 2.2%, P less than .05). 5′NT activity in lymphocytes enriched for null cells from homosexuals correlated inversely with the percentage of Ia-positive lymphocytes (r = -.655; P less than .02). There was no correlation between 5′NT activity and the percentage of T4- or T8-positive lymphocytes or the T4/T8 ratio. Moreover, 5′NT activity was significantly decreased in both OKT4 (P less than .025) and OKT8 (P less than .05) enriched lymphocytes in homosexuals compared to controls. The data suggest that decreases in 5′NT may be a generalized defect of the peripheral blood T lymphocytes from active homosexuals that is independent of increases or decreases in specific T subpopulations or clinical status. It may contribute to the pathogenesis of AIDS.

Is There an Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Infants and Children?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-432
Author(s):  
ARTHUR J. AMMANN
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
T Cell Immunodeficiency ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
In Infants And Children ◽  
Intensive Surveillance

An acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has recently been described in young homosexual males.1,2 As defined by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), AIDS is a disorder characterized by T-cell immunodeficiency, recurrent and chronic infection with a variety of opportunistic infections and/or Kaposi's sarcoma. Following initial reports in 1981, an intensive surveillance program was instituted. In 1983, more than 1,000 cases were recorded. However, in addition to AIDS as defined by the CDC, it is clear that there are several related syndromes which include individuals with chronic lymphadenopathy, fever, and weight loss (lymphadenopathy syndrome); other malignancies; and healthy homosexuals with laboratory evidence of immunologic dysregulation.3,4

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome–Associated Kaposi Sarcoma in a Child Presenting as a Solitary Plantar Hyperkeratotic Plaque

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-350
Author(s):  
Pierre-Olivier Grenier ◽  
Isabelle Auger
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Skin Biopsy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Background and Objective: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)–associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) among the pediatric population is a rare entity in North America and Europe, and its cutaneous manifestations are not well defined in the literature. The investigators report the case of a boy with an AIDS-associated KS presenting as an infiltrated hyperkeratotic plaque of the plantar arch. Methods and Results: An 11-year-old African boy with congenital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had a skin biopsy of the plantar lesion that was consistent with a KS. The patient also presented intestinal and pulmonary symptoms; combined chemotherapy regimen and highly active antiretroviral therapy were given in the presence of systemic involvement. Conclusion: AIDS-associated KS poses a particular challenge to clinical diagnosis, since it can manifest with a variety of lesions. Dermatologists should have a low threshold for performing a skin biopsy in patients with HIV.

scholarly journals Risk of Cataract among Subjects with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Free of Ocular Opportunistic Infections

Ophthalmology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 2317-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Kempen ◽  
Elizabeth A. Sugar ◽  
Rohit Varma ◽  
James P. Dunn ◽  
Murk-Hein Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency
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