Physical property measurements at the GSC paleomagnetism and petrophysics laboratory, including Electric Impedance Spectrum methodology and analysis

Dielectric constant tensor of piezoelectric gadolinium calcium oxoborate crystal, GdCa4O(BO3)3, estimated from the electric impedance spectrum

physica status solidi (a) ◽

10.1002/pssa.200521014 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 203 (5) ◽

pp. 979-986 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Pawlaczyk ◽

E. Markiewicz ◽

A. Kłos ◽

A. Pajączkowska

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Impedance Spectrum ◽

Electric Impedance ◽

Constant Tensor

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Corrosion Behavior of Five Commonly-Used Steels in Oily and Alcoholic Sewage from Gas Field

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.55 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 815 ◽

pp. 55-60

Author(s):

Yun Ma ◽

Qian Wang ◽

Xin Min Wu

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Product ◽

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Chromium Content ◽

Impedance Spectrum ◽

Electric Impedance ◽

Gas Field ◽

316L Steel ◽

Corrosion Pits ◽

Ferrous Carbonate ◽

Scanning Electron

The corrosion behavior of commonly-used steels in the oil-containing and alcoholic sewage from gas field was studied combined with polarization curves, electric impedance spectrum (EIS), dynamic corrosion weight loss test, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy spectrum (ES) of corrosion products. It was shown that corrosion rate increased with the sequence of 316L, 16Mn, 20#, L360 and 20R steels, and 316L steel was corroded more slightly than 16Mn, 20#, L360 and 20R steels. There were some spot corrosion pits on the surface of L360 and 20R steels. A higher Chromium content of 316L steel led to a stronger corrosion resistance. Ferrous carbonate was the mainly corrosion product on the surface of the four steels. While the corrosion product on the surface of L360 and 20R steels was poor adhered and easy to fall off, and formed some corrosion pits on the steels surface.

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Scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy: New tools for biology

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100155864 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 778-779

Author(s):

CE Bracker ◽

P. K. Hansma

Keyword(s):

Physical Property ◽

Scanning Probe ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Small Scale ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

New Family ◽

Small Probe ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Transmission Electron

A new family of scanning probe microscopes has emerged that is opening new horizons for investigating the fine structure of matter. The earliest and best known of these instruments is the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). First published in 1982, the STM earned the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for two of its inventors, G. Binnig and H. Rohrer. They shared the prize with E. Ruska for his work that had led to the development of the transmission electron microscope half a century earlier. It seems appropriate that the award embodied this particular blend of the old and the new because it demonstrated to the world a long overdue respect for the enormous contributions electron microscopy has made to the understanding of matter, and at the same time it signalled the dawn of a new age in microscopy. What we are seeing is a revolution in microscopy and a redefinition of the concept of a microscope.Several kinds of scanning probe microscopes now exist, and the number is increasing. What they share in common is a small probe that is scanned over the surface of a specimen and measures a physical property on a very small scale, at or near the surface. Scanning probes can measure temperature, magnetic fields, tunneling currents, voltage, force, and ion currents, among others.

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A photoelectron microscope study of surfaces

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152021 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 10-11

Author(s):

W. Engel ◽

M. Kordesch ◽

A. M. Bradshaw ◽

E. Zeitler

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Pressure ◽

Field Strength ◽

Uv Light ◽

Physical Property ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Mercury Lamp ◽

Object Surface ◽

The Sixties ◽

Physical Features

Photoelectron microscopy is as old as electron microscopy itself. Electrons liberated from the object surface by photons are utilized to form an image that is a map of the object's emissivity. This physical property is a function of many parameters, some depending on the physical features of the objects and others on the conditions of the instrument rendering the image.The electron-optical situation is tricky, since the lateral resolution increases with the electric field strength at the object's surface. This, in turn, leads to small distances between the electrodes, restricting the photon flux that should be high for the sake of resolution.The electron-optical development came to fruition in the sixties. Figure 1a shows a typical photoelectron image of a polycrystalline tantalum sample irradiated by the UV light of a high-pressure mercury lamp.

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Investigating the Multimodal Nature of Human Communication

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803.23.2.63 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 63-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Silke Paulmann ◽

Sarah Jessen ◽

Sonja A. Kotz

Keyword(s):

Visual Information ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Physical Property ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Human Communication ◽

Channel Condition ◽

Prosodic Cues ◽

Early Processing ◽

Related Potentials

The multimodal nature of human communication has been well established. Yet few empirical studies have systematically examined the widely held belief that this form of perception is facilitated in comparison to unimodal or bimodal perception. In the current experiment we first explored the processing of unimodally presented facial expressions. Furthermore, auditory (prosodic and/or lexical-semantic) information was presented together with the visual information to investigate the processing of bimodal (facial and prosodic cues) and multimodal (facial, lexic, and prosodic cues) human communication. Participants engaged in an identity identification task, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were being recorded to examine early processing mechanisms as reflected in the P200 and N300 component. While the former component has repeatedly been linked to physical property stimulus processing, the latter has been linked to more evaluative “meaning-related” processing. A direct relationship between P200 and N300 amplitude and the number of information channels present was found. The multimodal-channel condition elicited the smallest amplitude in the P200 and N300 components, followed by an increased amplitude in each component for the bimodal-channel condition. The largest amplitude was observed for the unimodal condition. These data suggest that multimodal information induces clear facilitation in comparison to unimodal or bimodal information. The advantage of multimodal perception as reflected in the P200 and N300 components may thus reflect one of the mechanisms allowing for fast and accurate information processing in human communication.

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