scholarly journals A self-arresting moraine dam failure, St. Elias Mountains, British Columbia

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Clague ◽  
S G Evans
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure

scholarly journals Climate change and the global pattern of moraine-dammed glacial lake outburst floods

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Harrison ◽  
Jeffrey S. Kargel ◽  
Christian Huggel ◽  
John Reynolds ◽  
Dan H. Shugar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Glacier Recession ◽  
Outburst Floods ◽  
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods ◽  
Lake Formation ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure

Abstract. Despite recent research identifying a clear anthropogenic impact on glacier recession, the effect of recent climate change on glacier-related hazards is at present unclear. Here we present the first global spatio-temporal assessment of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) focusing explicitly on lake drainage following moraine dam failure. These floods occur as mountain glaciers recede and downwaste and many have an enormous impact on downstream communities and infrastructure. Our assessment of GLOFs associated with the collapse of moraine-dammed lakes provides insights into the historical trends of GLOFs and their distributions under current and future global climate change. We observe a clear global increase in GLOF frequency and their regularity around 1930, which likely represents a lagged response to post-Little Ice Age warming. Notably, we also show that GLOF frequency and their regularity – rather unexpectedly – has declined in recent decades even during a time of rapid glacier recession. Although previous studies have suggested that GLOFs will increase in response to climate warming and glacier recession, our global results demonstrate that this has not yet clearly happened. From assessment of the timing of climate forcing, lag times in glacier recession, lake formation and moraine dam failure, we predict increased GLOF frequencies during the next decades and into the 22nd century.

scholarly journals Review of moraine dam failure mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1948-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Neupane ◽  
Huayong Chen ◽  
Chunran Cao
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure

scholarly journals Climate change and the global pattern of moraine-dammed glacial lake outburst floods

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Harrison ◽  
Jeffrey S. Kargel ◽  
Christian Huggel ◽  
John Reynolds ◽  
Dan H. Shugar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Glacier Recession ◽  
Outburst Floods ◽  
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods ◽  
Lake Formation ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure

Abstract. Despite recent research identifying a clear anthropogenic impact on glacier recession, the effect of recent climate change on glacier-related hazards is at present unclear. Here we present the first global spatio-temporal assessment of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) focusing explicitly on lake drainage following moraine dam failure. These floods occur as mountain glaciers recede and downwaste. GLOFs can have an enormous impact on downstream communities and infrastructure. Our assessment of GLOFs associated with the rapid drainage of moraine-dammed lakes provides insights into the historical trends of GLOFs and their distributions under current and future global climate change. We observe a clear global increase in GLOF frequency and their regularity around 1930, which likely represents a lagged response to post-Little Ice Age warming. Notably, we also show that GLOF frequency and regularity – rather unexpectedly – have declined in recent decades even during a time of rapid glacier recession. Although previous studies have suggested that GLOFs will increase in response to climate warming and glacier recession, our global results demonstrate that this has not yet clearly happened. From an assessment of the timing of climate forcing, lag times in glacier recession, lake formation and moraine-dam failure, we predict increased GLOF frequencies during the next decades and into the 22nd century.

scholarly journals Genesis and provenance of a new Middle Pleistocene diamicton unit at Happisburgh, NE Norfolk, UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Hodkin ◽  
Jonathan R. Lee ◽  
James B. Riding ◽  
Jenni A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Outburst Flood ◽  
Trigger Mechanism ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Seasonal Melting ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure

Glacigenic deposits at Happisburgh, NE Norfolk, record the earliest known expansion of glaciers into lowland eastern England during the Quaternary. The sequence comprises two regionally extensive till units, the Happisburgh Till and Corton Diamicton members of the Happisburgh Glacigenic Formation, deposited during separate ice advances, and intervening glacilacustrine and outwash deposits laid down during ice-marginal retreat. During 2012, a new diamicton unit was discovered within the intervening sorted sediments and its significance is outlined here. Sedimentological and structural evidence suggests, tentatively, that the diamicton forms a small debris fan generated subaerially by a series of water-saturated hyperconcentrated or debris flows. The precise trigger mechanism for these flow deposits remains unclear, but may relate to seasonal melting of surface or buried ice followed by mass-movement, or to more abrupt geological events including periods of intense rainfall, moraine dam failure or a glacier outburst flood.

Late-glacial lakes in the Thompson Basin, British Columbia: paleogeography and evolution

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1367-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F Johnsen ◽  
Tracy A Brennand
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
River System ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Glacial Lakes ◽  
Positioning Systems

During the decay of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet 10 000 – 13 000 BP, glacial lakes developed within valleys that dissect the Interior Plateau of British Columbia. In this paper, we (1) illustrate a procedure for assessing paleo water planes that has general application, (2) document lake paleogeography and evolution in the Thompson Valley, (3) provide new data on the glacio-isostatic response of the central Cordillera, and (4) present new evidence of its late-glacial environment. We employ geomorphology and sedimentology, digital elevation models, and new technologies (differential global positioning systems, ground penetrating radar, and geographic information systems) to refine paleogeographic reconstructions of glacial lakes. Glacial Lake Thompson and Glacial Lake Deadman were ribbon-shaped (width to length ratio ≈ 3:100), deep (>>140 to ~50 m) lakes that contained significant water volumes (84–24 km3). They lengthened to the west and their water level lowered as ice decayed. Final ice dam failure resulted in an ~20 km3 jökulhlaup that eroded bedforms and deposited flood eddy bars within the lake basin, travelled ~250 km along the Fraser River system, and may have deposited exotic mud offshore between 10 190 and 11 940 BP. Glacio-isostatic tilts of water planes are among the highest in the world (1.7–1.8 m km–1). Their orientations suggest that ice sheet loads were greater or longer- lived to the north-northwest of the study area, lending support to the notion of an ice divide centred on the Fraser Plateau.

Downstream Geomorphic Response of the 2014 Mount Polley Tailings Dam Failure, British Columbia

2017 ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cuervo ◽  
Leif Burge ◽  
Hawley Beaugrand ◽  
Megan Hendershot ◽  
Stephen G. Evans
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Geomorphic Response

scholarly journals An approach for estimating the breach probabilities of moraine-dammed lakes in the Chinese Himalayas using remote-sensing data

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3109-3122 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Wang ◽  
S. Liu ◽  
Y. Ding ◽  
W. Guo ◽  
Z. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Outburst Flood ◽  
First Order ◽  
Trigger Mechanisms ◽  
Very High ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure

Abstract. To make first-order estimates of the probability of moraine-dammed lake outburst flood (MDLOF) and prioritize the probabilities of breaching posed by potentially dangerous moraine-dammed lakes (PDMDLs) in the Chinese Himalayas, an objective approach is presented. We first select five indicators to identify PDMDLs according to four predesigned criteria. The climatic background was regarded as the climatic precondition of the moraine-dam failure, and under different climatic preconditions, we distinguish the trigger mechanisms of MDLOFs and subdivide them into 17 possible breach modes, with each mode having three or four components; we combined the precondition, modes and components to construct a decision-making tree of moraine-dam failure. Conversion guidelines were established so as to quantify the probabilities of components of a breach mode employing the historic performance method combined with expert knowledge and experience. The region of the Chinese Himalayas was chosen as a study area where there have been frequent MDLOFs in recent decades. The results show that the breaching probabilities (P) of 142 PDMDLs range from 0.037 to 0.345, and they can be further categorized as 43 lakes with very high breach probabilities (P ≥ 0.24), 47 lakes with high breach probabilities (0.18 ≤ P < 0.24), 24 lakes with mid-level breach probabilities (0.12 ≤ P < 0.18), 24 lakes with low breach probabilities (0.06 ≤ P < 0.12), and four lakes with very low breach probabilities (p < 0.06).

scholarly journals NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ON GLACIAL LAKE OUTBURST DUE TO MORAINE DAM FAILURE BY SEEPAGE AND OVERTOPPING

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. I_133-I_138
Author(s):  
Badri Bhakta SHRESTHA ◽  
Hajime NAKAGAWA ◽  
Kenji KAWAIKE ◽  
Yasuyuki BABA ◽  
Hao ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Moraine Dam Failure
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