scholarly journals Geological map and Cross Section, Downie Creek map area [82 M/8], British Columbia

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Brown
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Geological Map

Cultural Forests in Cross Section: Clear-Cuts Reveal 1,100 Years of Bark Harvesting on Vancouver Island, British Columbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob K. Earnshaw
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Ancient Forest ◽  
Post Impact ◽  
Bark Peeling

Culturally modified trees (CMTs) provide tangible evidence of long-term forest use by Indigenous peoples. In Northwest Coast cedar forests, this record rarely spans beyond the last three centuries because older bark-harvest scars have been obscured through taphonomic processes such as natural healing and decay. Thus, archaeological visibility and identification are hindered. Here, I recover chronologies of ancient forest harvesting using a post-impact assessment methodology of targeting old-growth clear-cuts in southern Nuu-chah-nulth territories on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Bark-peeling scars are identified and dated in cross section by growth-ring patterns of recently logged trees. Approximately half of all bark-peeling scars are “embedded” inside healing lobes, suggesting at least half of all such CMTs are effectively invisible in standing forests. Features in these post-impact surveys predated those discovered in conventional archaeological impact assessments by a mean of almost a century. Additionally, one of the oldest continually used cultural forests ever recorded, dating to AD 908, is found in the Toquaht Nation traditional territory. These findings uncover measurable frequencies of cedar-bark harvesting generations prior to the contact period and reveal the inadequacy of heritage protections for old-growth cedar stands.

scholarly journals Preliminary geological map, Charlotte Lake-Junker Lake (east half), British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
P van der Heyden ◽  
A Calderwood ◽  
D H Huntley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Geological Map

scholarly journals Geological map of Iskut river, British Columbia

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Okulitch ◽  
J G Souther ◽  
D A Brew
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Geological Map
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