scholarly journals Characterization of Sea Floor Sediments By Geo-Acoustic Scattering Models using High Resolution Seismic Data

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Acoustic Scattering ◽  
Sea Floor

Characterization of the shallow aquifers by high-resolution seismic data

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Giustiniani ◽  
F. Accaino ◽  
S. Picotti ◽  
U. Tinivella
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Shallow Aquifers

scholarly journals Correction of water column height variation on 2D grid high-resolution seismic data using dGPS based methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayobami Abegunrin ◽  
Daniel A. Hepp ◽  
Tobias Mörz
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Column Height

Abstract Variations in the physical properties of water column usually impede exact water column height correction on high-resolution seismic data, especially when the data are collected in shallow marine environments. Changes in water column properties can be attributed to variation in tides and currents, wind-generated swells, long and short amplitude wave-fronts, or variation in salinity and water temperature. Likewise, the proper motion of the vessel complicates the determinability of the water column height. This study provides a less time-consuming and precise differential Global Positioning System based methodology that can be applied to most types of high-resolution seismic data in order to significantly improve the tracking and quality of deduced geological interpretations on smaller depth scales. The methodology was tested on geophysical profiles obtained from the German sector of the North Sea. The focus here was to identify, distinguish and classify various sub-surface sedimentary structures in a stratigraphically highly complex shallow marine environment on decimeter small-scale. After applying the correction to the profiles, the sea floor, in general, occurs 1.1 to 3.4 m (mean of 2.2 m) deeper than the uncorrected profiles and is consistent with the sea floor from published tide corrected bathymetry data. The corrected seismic profiles were used in plotting the depth of the base of Holocene channel structures and to define their gradients. The applied correction methodology was also crucial in glacial and post-glacial valley features distinction, across profile correlation and establishing structural and stratigraphic framework of the study area.

Physical characteristics and triggering mechanisms of the 2009–2010 landslide crisis at Montagne Pelée volcano, Martinique: implication for erosional processes and debris-flow hazards

2013 ◽  
Vol 184 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Clouard ◽  
Jean-Elie Athanase ◽  
Cyril Aubaud
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Triggering Mechanisms ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Flank destabilizations are common processes in the life of a volcano. Apart from giant landslides with recurrence times of tens of thousands of years and whose deposits are identified in the bathymetry around the islands, less voluminous but more frequent erosional landslides contribute significantly to the morphological development of the topography. In this paper, we present a detailed description of a landslide sequence that occurred in 2009 and 2010 on the western flank of Montagne Pelée volcano, originating at the Samperre cliff. This sequence is characterized by two main events, in August 2009 and May 2010, and hundreds of smaller collapses. From seismic data and high resolution topographic data from airborne Lidar, collapses are counted and volumes of the main events are estimated. The May 2010 landslide has removed 2.1 millions of m3 of debris, which were subsequently remobilized during several hazardous lahars. The mean rates of erosion deduced from these volumes indicate that this kind of erosional landslide could represent a long term contribution of the same order of magnitude as giant flank collapses. The characterization of the runout of the landslides and of the Samperre cliff slopes provide important information for risk assessment, in particular for the risk of lahars that threaten the population living on the lower slopes.

Innovative Exploration Drilling and Data Acquisition – Test Center (I-EDDA-TC), Örebro, Central Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarne Almqvist ◽  
Maria Ask ◽  
Linus Brander ◽  
Stefan Buske ◽  
Christoph Büttner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Exploration Drilling ◽  
Center Site

<p>Increasing the effectiveness of exploration for mineral resources is vital to meet future societal, economic and environmental challenges. Effective exploration drilling for mineral resources is an area where industrial innovation plays an important role. Measurements-while-drilling, data acquisition and next generation logging sondes represent three important areas that need development in the mineral exploration sector. Despite this need, there is a lack of test beds that allow to test novel drilling equipment. This limits the development and implementation of equipment with technology that has been proven, but does not yet fulfil the requirements of a product on the commercial market. Although a variety of test sites exist throughout Europe, they are constrained to existing infrastructure, which limits users to pre-existing conditions that may not fit their purpose or need. The I-EDDA-TC provides a unique environment for the development of drilling, and related, equipment used for exploration of mineral resources.</p><p>The regional geology around the test center site is dominated by Svecokarelian age granitoid intrusive and acid volcanic rocks (rhyolites) that strike east-west and dip sub-vertical. During 2019 and 2020, two boreholes were drilled at the test center site, as part of an EIT Raw Materials upscaling project. The first borehole is a fully cored 970 m deep borehole drilled with diamond bit (HQ dimension). The second borehole was drilled in the late summer of 2020, and is a 200 m deep percussion-drilled borehole with ~220 mm diameter. Here we present a preliminary synthesis of results from a geophysical survey, borehole logging and geological logging of drill core.</p><p>In summer 2019 a comprehensive geophysical surveying program was performed at the site, including 3D high resolution seismic, 2D deeper seismic with a large vibrator source, a series of high-resolution resistivity profiles and magnetic profiles. The 3D seismic data provided detailed velocity information in the near-surface at the site, allowing interpretation of depths to the groundwater table and bedrock in 3D. Data gained from two downhole logging campaigns provides a robust base for the detailed differentiation and characterization of the formations. A first look on the data shows well defined correlations amongst the various geophysical downhole parameters. Geological logging focused both on material properties (e.g. mineralogy, grain-size, texture, alteration and mineralization) and rock mass (joints and RQD). Magnetic susceptibility and ultrasonic pulse velocity were measured at regular intervals along the full core length, and 66 specimens were prepared and analysed with respect to porosity, density, abrasivity, major chemical elements, indirect tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength. The integrated analysis of core data, surface and borehole seismic data, and the continuous logging profiles allows for the 3-dimensional characterization of the underground below the test center platform, as well as provides reference data for assessment of work conducted at the site (e.g. development of geophysical instruments, testing of drillabilaty and wear on drill bits). Our results will be open access published so that data can be compared to drilling and instruments test of commercial and academic parties utilizing this testing facility in future.</p>

scholarly journals High Resolution Impedance Inversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Cunha Filho ◽  
Leonardo Teixeira Da Silva ◽  
Nathalia Souto Muniz Da Cruz ◽  
Andrea Damasceno ◽  
Tatiana Soares De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Bandwidth ◽  
Input Amplitude ◽  
Amplitude Data ◽  
Impedance Inversion ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Study Case

ABSTRACTThe identification of clay-rich layers is crucial for development of pre-salt reservoirs. They represent flow barriers and compromise the return of investment of the project if the thickness is misvalued. This issue becomes more relevant for thin clay-rich layers. The solution for the characterization of thin beds is classic: increase of the frequency bandwidth in seismic data. Here, we present a new methodology to derive high-frequency impedance volume. The approach starts with the recovery of low and high-frequency components in seismic data by the application of interactive deconvolution (iterdec). The extended bandwidth data is employed as an input amplitude data to the sparse-spike inversion. The outcome is a high-frequency acoustic impedance volume, which improves the interpretation of thin clay-rich layers. We present a study case of a presalt reservoir to demonstrate that this technique mitigated the location risk of an injection well and helped to maximize the oil swept of its vicinity. Furthermore, we discuss the required adaptations in the sparse-spike inversion workflow, and present the advantages of this approach when compared with conventional inversion results.Keywords: Inversion, resolution, broadband, pre-salt. RESUMOA identificação de camadas argilosas é crucial para o desenvolvimento de reservatórios do pre-sal. Elas atuam como barreira para o fluxo dos fluidos, comprometendo o retorno do investimento no projeto, caso sua espessura seja subavaliada. Esta questão se torna mais relevante no caso the camadas argilosas de pequena espessura. A solução para a caracterização de camadas finas é clássica: torna-se necessário aumentar a banda espectral do dado sísmico. O presente trabalho apresenta a metodologia e os primeiros resultados da incorporação de uma nova metodologia para geração de volumes de impedância de alta resolução. Nesta abordagem, os componentes de baixa e alta frequência do dado sísmico são recuperados através da aplicação de um processo de deconvolução iterativa (iterdec). Em seguida, este dado com banda espectral expandida é utilizado como entrada para uma inversão esparsa, resultando num volume de impedância acústica, que reduz as incertezas na interpretação de camadas argilosas de pouca espessura. Apresenta-se o estudo de caso de um reservatório do pre-sal para demonstrar a efetividade desta técnica na mitigação de risco associado ao posicionamento de um poço injetor, resultando na maximização da varredura de óleo em torno do poço. São apresentadas e discutidas as adaptações necessárias ao fluxo tradicional de inversão e condicionamento de dados sísmicos, bem como as vantagens da aplicação dessa metodologia sobre os resultados da inversão.Palavras-chave: Inversão, resolução, banda-larga, pre-sal.

scholarly journals Lithological body identification and insider description of H12 well area in Beier Sub-sag

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 02044
Author(s):  
Guofu li ◽  
Ming Yan ◽  
Guofeng Liang ◽  
Weijia Xu ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Spectral Decomposition ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Attribute Analysis ◽  
Sand Bodies

On the basis of high-resolution seismic data, a high-frequency framework was established for the H12 well area. Combined with drilling analysis and sedimentary facies research, we analyzed favorable lithological development areas. Interpretation of subdivision layers in favorable lithological development areas, optimization of target sand bodies, and multi-attribute analysis techniques, we accurately describe the distribution of lithological bodies. By using spectral decomposition technology to perform insider characterization of lithological bodies, and combine with actual drilling to predict the distribution of effective reservoirs, we have summarized a set of effective methods for identifying such lithological traps.

scholarly journals Geophysical characterization of late-Quaternary glaciofluvial complex and glacial stratigraphy in the Satakunta sandstone area, Köyliö, southwest Finland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Elina Marita Ahokangas ◽  
Georgiana Anca Maries ◽  
Joni Kalevi Mäkinen ◽  
Antti Heikki Pasanen ◽  
Alireza Malehmir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Basement Rock ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Seismic Images ◽  
Geophysical Characterization

Abstract We acquired high-resolution reflection seismic data using a broadband digital-based landstreamer system to characterize a depression related to the Mesoproterozoic (Jothnian) Satakunta sandstone basin in the Köyliö study area, southwest Finland. This ca. 800-m-wide depression is infilled with up to 100-m-thick (late) Quaternary interlobate glaciofluvial complex sediments. The seismic images clearly reveal details of the glaciofluvial complex, sandstone depression topography, and brittle structures related to the formation of the sandstone basin by oblique transtension. Additionally, we identified the setting of a diabase laccolith within the sandstone and the geometry and position of the steep sandstone contact. The esker core does not follow the sandstone-Svecofennian basement rock contact or lean to it. The esker core is at a depth of 50–60 m on the flank of the depression. The seismic data image the esker core and other architectural elements of the esker. We highlight the potential of the digital-based landstreamer in the research of complex Quaternary sediments in major bedrock depressions including the characterization of the underlying bedrock properties. We also discuss the possible tunnel valley origin of the sandstone depression.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

High-resolution electron microscopy of nanostructured materials

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
M. José-Yacamán
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hrem Image ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Nanophase Materials

Electron microscopy is a fundamental tool in materials characterization. In the case of nanostructured materials we are looking for features with a size in the nanometer range. Therefore often the conventional TEM techniques are not enough for characterization of nanophases. High Resolution Electron Microscopy (HREM), is a key technique in order to characterize those materials with a resolution of ~ 1.7A. High resolution studies of metallic nanostructured materials has been also reported in the literature. It is concluded that boundaries in nanophase materials are similar in structure to the regular grain boundaries. That work therefore did not confirm the early hipothesis on the field that grain boundaries in nanostructured materials have a special behavior. We will show in this paper that by a combination of HREM image processing, and image calculations, it is possible to prove that small particles and coalesced grains have a significant surface roughness, as well as large internal strain.

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