scholarly journals Spatial relationship of mineral occurrences with geological and LANDSAT-derived lineaments, northeastern New Brunswick

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Rencz ◽  
G P Watson
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Ultrastructural evidence for mast cell-macrophage interrelationships in the dura mater of the rat: Infrequent mast cell-nerve associations

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Ruth V.W. Dimlich
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Plasma Extravasation ◽  
Close Spatial Relationship ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Headache Pain ◽  
Relationship Of

Mast cells in the dura mater of the rat may play a role in cerebral pathologies including neurogenic inflammation (vasodilation; plasma extravasation) and headache pain . As has been suggested for other tissues, dural mast cells may exhibit a close spatial relationship to nerves. There has been no detailed ultrastructural description of mast cells in this tissue; therefore, the goals of this study were to provide this analysis and to determine the spatial relationship of mast cells to nerves and other components of the dura mater in the rat.Four adult anesthetized male Wistar rats (290-400 g) were fixed by perfusion through the heart with 2% glutaraldehyde and 2.8% paraformaldehyde in a potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) for 30 min. The head of each rat was removed and stored in fixative for a minimum of 24 h at which time the dural coverings were removed and dissected into samples that included the middle meningeal vasculature. Samples were routinely processed and flat embedded in LX 112. Thick (1 um) sections from a minimum of 3 blocks per rat were stained with toluidine blue (0.5% aqueous).

scholarly journals Geo-Spatial Analysis of Population Density and Annual Income to Identify Large-Scale Socio-Demographic Disparities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Nicolai Moos ◽  
Carsten Juergens ◽  
Andreas P. Redecker
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Postal Code ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into

This paper describes a methodological approach that is able to analyse socio-demographic and -economic data in large-scale spatial detail. Based on the two variables, population density and annual income, one investigates the spatial relationship of these variables to identify locations of imbalance or disparities assisted by bivariate choropleth maps. The aim is to gain a deeper insight into spatial components of socioeconomic nexuses, such as the relationships between the two variables, especially for high-resolution spatial units. The used methodology is able to assist political decision-making, target group advertising in the field of geo-marketing and for the site searches of new shop locations, as well as further socioeconomic research and urban planning. The developed methodology was tested in a national case study in Germany and is easily transferrable to other countries with comparable datasets. The analysis was carried out utilising data about population density and average annual income linked to spatially referenced polygons of postal codes. These were disaggregated initially via a readapted three-class dasymetric mapping approach and allocated to large-scale city block polygons. Univariate and bivariate choropleth maps generated from the resulting datasets were then used to identify and compare spatial economic disparities for a study area in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany. Subsequently, based on these variables, a multivariate clustering approach was conducted for a demonstration area in Dortmund. In the result, it was obvious that the spatially disaggregated data allow more detailed insight into spatial patterns of socioeconomic attributes than the coarser data related to postal code polygons.

Intrasellar Intercarotid Communicating Artery Associated with Agenesis of the Right Internal Carotid Artery: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Udzura ◽  
Hiroo Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshio Taguchi ◽  
Hiroaki Sekino
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anomalous Artery ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract A 54-year-old man with a right hemiparesis was found to have an intrasellar intercarotid communicating artery associated with agenesis of the right internal carotid artery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrated the spatial relationship of the anomalous artery to the surrounding structures, thus suggesting an embryonic enlargement of the capsular artery as a source of this anomalous artery.

scholarly journals Correlation analysis between multifractal characteristics of regional geomorphology and development of geological disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Yiying Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Geological Disasters ◽  
Geological Disaster ◽  
Correlation Analysis Method ◽  
Fractal Spectrum ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of

In view of the inaccuracy of the traditional correlation analysis method, this paper proposes a correlation analysis method between the multifractal characteristics of regional landforms and the development of geological disasters. Firstly, the multifractal characteristics of regional landforms are described by using the basic fractal characteristics of self-similarity or scale invariance. Then the corresponding relation table is established according to the width of the fractal spectrum and the number of landslides and hidden dangers, and the spatial relationship of geological disaster development is analyzed. Combined with the above-mentioned spatial relationship of geological disaster development and the multifractal characteristic data of regional landforms, the correlation coefficient between the two is calculated to complete the correlation analysis between the multifractal characteristics of regional geomorphology and the development of geological disasters. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional correlation analysis method, the correlation analysis results of the multifractal characteristics of regional geomorphology and the development of geological disasters are more accurate.

scholarly journals Organelle relationships in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Novikoff ◽  
P M Novikoff ◽  
O M Rosen ◽  
C S Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Coated Vesicles ◽  
Coated Pits ◽  
Exogenous Lipid ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of

In differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, lipid spheres, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), microperoxisomes, and mitochondria form "constellations" that may reflect the interplay of lipid metabolizing enzymes in these organelles. ER cisternae are also situated very close to "rosettes,"plasmalemmal specializations found in mature adipocytes in vivo. As in hepatocytes and absorptive cells of the intestine, this spatial relationship of ER and plasmalemma suggests a role for rosettes in the uptake of exogenous lipid precursors. The morphological differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes includes the loss of "stress fibers" and the appearance of microfilament like structures that encase, in a complex manner, the cytosolic lipid spheres that appear during differentiation. Other features described for the first time in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes include: (a) the presence of an extensive acid phosphatase (AcPase) positive GERL from which coated vesicles apparently arise (these coated vesicles display AcPase activity and are much smaller and far more numerous than the coated vesicles that seem to arise from the plasmalemmal coated pits); (b) the abundance of AcPase-positive autophagic vacuoles; and (c) a high level of alpha-naphthyl-acetate-esterase activity which, by light microscopy cytochemistry, appears to be localized in the cytosol.

P14.59 Rapid early progression of glioblastoma is not related to cortical/neural stem cells regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii49-ii49
Author(s):  
T Kazda ◽  
R Lakomy ◽  
I Selingerova ◽  
P Pospisil ◽  
L Hynkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Initial Location ◽  
Early Progression ◽  
Multifocal Tumor ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract BACKGROUND Rapid early progression (REP) of glioblastoma after surgery observed on pre-radiotherapy MRI scan is common. Subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampal regions are supposed to harbor astrocyte-like neural stem cells (NSC) with tumors arising from these transformed stem cells threatening of higher risk of REP. REP is defined as a new enhancing tumor or >25% increase in enhancement before radiotherapy. Lim′s classification of initial glioblastoma location related to these NSC regions predicts invasive and multifocal tumor phenotype. Glioblastomas are classified preoperatively into four groups by the spatial relationship of the contrast-enhancing lesion with the SVZ and cortex. The aim of this retrospective single-institutional study is to evaluate the relations of this Lim classification on REP in unselected cohort of glioblastoma patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients receiving radiotherapy between 2014–2017 were analyzed, 95 were evaluable. 47 patients (30.5%) were treated with the Stupp regimen. Lim1 classification (contact with cortex as well as SVZ) was presented in 74(48%) patients, Lim2 (contact with SVZ only) in 22(14.3%), Lim3 (contact with cortex only) in 50(32.5%) and Lim4 in 8(5.2%) patients. A total of 52% of patients developed REP. RESULTS Significantly better overall survival was with Stupp regimen (23.3 vs. 8.6 months, p<0.001) and without REP (18.5 vs. 10.2 months, p=0.001). There was no significant impact of time to start of radiotherapy. No significant relation between REP and Lim classification was observed. CONCLUSION The initial location is not predictive for REP. Patients experiencing REP have significantly worse overall survival and modification of their management represents an urgent unmet clinical need. Molecular and clinical biomarkers indicating an increased risk of REP are needed.Presented will also be an already published analysis of clinical factors associated with REP in glioblastoma and the effect of REP and treatment on survival outcomes. Newly, we will introduce the investigator-initiated prospective academic clinical trial (GlioMET) focused on optimization of glioblastoma radiotherapy by 11C-Methionine PET scan in patients with REP. Supported by Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic AZV, No.18-03-00469 and AZV NU20-03-00148.

Spatial determinants of multisensory integration in cat superior colliculus neurons

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1843-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Meredith ◽  
B. E. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Field ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Extracellular Recording ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
High Degree

1. Although a representation of multisensory space is contained in the superior colliculus, little is known about the spatial requirements of multisensory stimuli that influence the activity of neurons here. Critical to this problem is an assessment of the registry of the different receptive fields within individual multisensory neurons. The present study was initiated to determine how closely the receptive fields of individual multisensory neurons are aligned, the physiological role of that alignment, and the possible functional consequences of inducing receptive-field misalignment. 2. Individual multisensory neurons in the superior colliculus of anesthetized, paralyzed cats were studied with the use of standard extracellular recording techniques. The receptive fields of multisensory neurons were large, as reported previously, but exhibited a surprisingly high degree of spatial coincidence. The average proportion of receptive-field overlap was 86% for the population of visual-auditory neurons sampled. 3. Because of this high degree of intersensory receptive-field correspondence, combined-modality stimuli that were coincident in space tended to fall within the excitatory regions of the receptive fields involved. The result was a significantly enhanced neuronal response in 88% of the multisensory neurons studied. If stimuli were spatially disparate, so that one fell outside its receptive field, either a decreased response occurred (56%), or no intersensory effect was apparent (44%). 4. The normal alignment of the different receptive fields of a multisensory neuron could be disrupted by passively displacing the eyes, pinnae, or limbs/body. In no case was a shift in location or size observed in a neuron's other receptive field(s) to compensate for this displacement. The physiological result of receptive-field misalignment was predictable and based on the location of the stimuli relative to the new positions of their respective receptive fields. Now, for example, one component of a spatially coincident pair of stimuli might fall outside its receptive field and inhibit the other's effects. 5. These data underscore the dependence of multisensory integrative responses on the relationship of the different stimuli to their corresponding receptive fields rather than to the spatial relationship of the stimuli to one another. Apparently, the alignment of different receptive fields for individual multisensory neurons ensures that responses to combinations of stimuli derived from the same event are integrated to increase the salience of that event. Therefore the maintenance of receptive-field alignment is critical for the appropriate integration of converging sensory signals and, ultimately, elicitation of adaptive behaviors.

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