The Role of Translational and Rotational Movements in the Formation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Girdler
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Aden

A discussion on the structure and evolution of the Red Sea and the nature of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Ethiopia rift junction - The Gulf of Suez: a brief review of stratigraphy and structure

1970 ◽  
Vol 267 (1181) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Gulf Of Suez ◽  
Gulf Of Aden ◽  
Transform Faults ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Stratigraphic Record ◽  
Intrusive Activity

This paper gives a brief review of the main elements of the complex stratigraphy and structure of the Gulf of Suez, with an attempt to interpret or rather speculate on the role of lateral movements in its development. The stratigraphic record shows that the Gulf existed as a shallow embayment of the Tethys since at least the Carboniferous, and that a landmass lay at its southern end until upper Cretaceous. Predomi­nantly clastic sediments characterizing its early history changed to calcareous marine since the Cenoma­nian. Intensive faulting and subsidence, associated with volcanic and intrusive activity was evident since Upper Cretaceous, reached a maximum towards the end of Oligocene, continued through the Miocene and into the Pleistocene; hot springs are still active at present. Structurally the Gulf was divided by van der Ploeg into four provinces delineated by NNE—SSW trending ‘cross disturbances’. The four provinces appear to have formed two deep basins separated by two structural highs. It is speculated that the cross disturbances may represent transform faults between en échelon tension fissures (basins), produced as a result of a limited movement of Sinai towards the NNE relative to Africa, perhaps at a slower rate than the movement of Arabia.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes at the air–sea interface of Red Sea mangroves

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (17) ◽  
pp. 5365-5375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory A. Sea ◽  
Neus Garcias-Bonet ◽  
Vincent Saderne ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Ch4 Production

Abstract. Mangrove forests are highly productive tropical and subtropical coastal systems that provide a variety of ecosystem services, including the sequestration of carbon. While mangroves are reported to be the most intense carbon sinks among all forests, they can also support large emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), to the atmosphere. However, data derived from arid mangrove systems like the Red Sea are lacking. Here, we report net emission rates of CO2 and CH4 from mangroves along the eastern coast of the Red Sea and assess the relative role of these two gases in supporting total GHG emissions to the atmosphere. Diel CO2 and CH4 emission rates ranged from −3452 to 7500 µmol CO2 m−2 d−1 and from 0.9 to 13.3 µmol CH4 m−2 d−1 respectively. The rates reported here fall within previously reported ranges for both CO2 and CH4, but maximum CO2 and CH4 flux rates in the Red Sea are 10- to 100-fold below those previously reported for mangroves elsewhere. Based on the isotopic composition of the CO2 and CH4 produced, we identified potential origins of the organic matter that support GHG emissions. In all but one mangrove stand, GHG emissions appear to be supported by organic matter from mixed sources, potentially reducing CO2 fluxes and instead enhancing CH4 production, a finding that highlights the importance of determining the origin of organic matter in GHG emissions. Methane was the main source of CO2 equivalents despite the comparatively low emission rates in most of the sampled mangroves and therefore deserves careful monitoring in this region. By further resolving GHG fluxes in arid mangroves, we will better ascertain the role of these forests in global carbon budgets.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Red Sea circulation to sea level and insolation forcing during the last interglacial

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1195-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Trommer ◽  
M. Siccha ◽  
E. J. Rohling ◽  
K. Grant ◽  
M. T. J. van der Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Gulf Of Aden ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Circulation Mode ◽  
Monsoon Strength ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Mis 5

Abstract. This study investigates the response of Red Sea circulation to sea level and insolation changes during termination II and across the last interglacial, in comparison with termination I and the Holocene. Sediment cores from the central and northern part of the Red Sea were investigated by micropaleontological and geochemical proxies. The recovery of the planktonic foraminiferal fauna following high salinities during MIS 6 took place at similar sea-level stand (~50 m below present day), and with a similar species succession, as during termination I. This indicates a consistent sensitivity of the basin oceanography and the plankton ecology to sea-level forcing. Based on planktonic foraminifera, we find that increased water exchange with the Gulf of Aden especially occurred during the sea-level highstand of interglacial MIS 5e. From MIS 6 to the peak of MIS 5e, northern Red Sea SST increased from 21 °C to 25 °C, with about 3 °C of this increase taking place during termination II. Changes in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages indicate that the development of the Red Sea oceanography during MIS 5 was strongly determined by insolation and monsoon strength. The SW Monsoon summer circulation mode was enhanced during the termination, causing low productivity in northern central Red Sea core KL9, marked by high abundance of G. sacculifer, which – as in the Holocene – followed summer insolation. Core KL11 records the northern tip of the intruding intermediate water layer from the Gulf of Aden and its planktonic foraminifera fauna shows evidence for elevated productivity during the sea-level highstand in the southern central Red Sea. By the time of MIS 5 sea-level regression, elevated organic biomarker BIT values suggest denudation of soil organic matter into the Red Sea and high abundances of G. glutinata, and high reconstructed chlorophyll-a values, indicate an intensified NE Monsoon winter circulation mode. Our results imply that the amplitude of insolation fluctuations, and the resulting monsoon strength, strongly influence the Red Sea oceanography during sea-level highstands by regulating the intensity of water exchange with the Gulf of Aden. These processes are responsible for the observation that MIS 5e/d is characterized by higher primary productivity than the Holocene.

Propagation of Gulf of Aden Intermediate Water (GAIW) in the Red Sea during autumn and its importance to biological production

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohideen Wafar ◽  
Mohamed Ashraf ◽  
K.P. Manikandan ◽  
Mohammad Ali Qurban ◽  
Yasser Kattan
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Gulf Of Aden ◽  
Biological Production
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