scholarly journals Detection of Occult Glomerular Dysfunction in Glucose Six Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Anemia

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e2016038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gehan Abdel Hakeem ◽  
Emad Abdel Naem ◽  
Salwa Swelam ◽  
Laila Aboul Fotoh ◽  
Abdel Azeem Al Mazary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Chronic Kidney Injury ◽  
Hemolytic Crisis

Background: Glucose six phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) anemia is associated with intravascular hemolysis. The freely filtered hemoglobin can damage the kidney. We aimed to assess gloumerular status in G6PD children.Methods: Sixty children were included. Thirty G6PD deficiency anemia children were enrolled during the acute hemolytic crisis and after hemolytic episode. Another thirty healthy children were included as controls. Serum cystatin C, creatinine levels and urinary albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio were measured for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculation.Results:Significantly higher urinary A/C ratio and lower GFR were found during hemolysis and after the hemolytic episode compared to controls. Also, significant higher serum cystatin C, creatinine and A/C ratio and lower GFR during acute hemolytic crisis compared to the same children after the hemolytic episode subsided. Conclusions:G6PD deficiency anemia is associated with a variable degree of glomerular dysfunction during acute hemolytic episodes. This glomerular dysfunction can result in chronic subclinical or occult chronic kidney injury.

scholarly journals Assessment of Subclinical Renal Glomerular and Tubular Dysfunction in Children with Beta Thalassemia Major

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Asmaa A. Mahmoud ◽  
Doaa M. Elian ◽  
Nahla MS. Abd El Hady ◽  
Heba M. Abdallah ◽  
Shimaa Abdelsattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Good Survival ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Beta Thalassemia Major

Background: A good survival rate among patients with beta thalassemia major (beta-TM) has led to the appearance of an unrecognized renal disease. Therefore, we aimed to assess the role of serum cystatin-C as a promising marker for the detection of renal glomerular dysfunction and N-acetyl beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) as potential markers for the detection of renal tubular injury in beta-TM children. Methods: This case-control study was implemented on 100 beta-TM children receiving regular blood transfusions and undergoing iron chelation therapy and 100 healthy children as a control group. Detailed histories of complete physical and clinical examinations were recorded. All subjected children underwent blood and urinary investigations. Results: There was a significant increase in serum cystatin-C (p < 0.001) and a significant decrease in eGFR in patients with beta-TM compared with controls (p = 0.01). There was a significant increase in urinary NAG, KIM-1, UNAG/Cr, and UKIM-1/Cr (p < 0.001) among thalassemic children, with a significant positive correlation between serum cystatin-C, NAG and KIM-1 as regards serum ferritin, creatinine, and urea among thalassemic patients. A negative correlation between serum cystatin-C and urinary markers with eGFR was noted. Conclusion: Serum cystatin-C is a good marker for detection of glomerular dysfunction. NAG and KIM-1 may have a predictive role in the detection of kidney injury in beta-TM children.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injuries in Children with Severe Malaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. e312-317
Author(s):  
Folake M. Afolayan ◽  
Olanrewaju T. Adedoyin ◽  
Mohammed B. Abdulkadir ◽  
Olayinka R. Ibrahim ◽  
Sikiru A. Biliaminu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin

Objectives: Serum creatinine levels are often used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), but may not necessarily accurately reflect changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to compare the prevalence of AKI in children with severe malaria using diagnostic criteria based on creatinine values in contrast to cystatin C. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 170 children aged 0.5–14 years old with severe malaria were included. Serum cystatin C levels were determined using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidmetric assay method, while creatinine levels were measured using the Jaffe reaction. Renal function assessed using cystatin C-derived estimated GFR (eGFR) was compared to that measured using three sets of criteria based on creatinine values including the Kidney Disease: Improved Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as well as an absolute creatinine cut-off value of >1.5 mg/dL. Results: Mean serum cystatin C and creatinine levels were 1.77 ± 1.37 mg/L and 1.23 ± 1.80 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria, the frequency of AKI was 32.4%, 7.6% and 16.5%, respectively. In contrast, the incidence of AKI based on cystatin C-derived eGFR was 51.8%. Overall, the rate of detection of AKI was significantly higher using cystatin C compared to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria (P = 0.003, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Diagnostic criteria for AKI based on creatinine values may not indicate the actual burden of disease in children with severe malaria. Keywords: Biomarkers; Acute Kidney Injury; Renal Failure; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Cystatin C; Creatinine; Malaria; Nigeria.

scholarly journals The Combination of Serum Cystatin C, Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and MELD plus Score Predicts Early Acute Kidney Injury after Liver Transplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian-Irinel Tudoroiu ◽  
Georgiana Constantin ◽  
Liliana Pâslaru ◽  
Speranţa Iacob ◽  
Cristian Gheorghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

scholarly journals Early postoperative serum cystatin C predicts severe acute kidney injury following pediatric cardiac surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zappitelli ◽  
Catherine D. Krawczeski ◽  
Prasad Devarajan ◽  
Zhu Wang ◽  
Kyaw Sint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Postoperative Serum

scholarly journals Comparison of serum creatinine and serum cystatin C as biomarkers to detect sepsis-induced acute kidney injury and to predict mortality in CD-1 mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (8) ◽  
pp. F939-F948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asada Leelahavanichkul ◽  
Ana Carolina P. Souza ◽  
Jonathan M. Street ◽  
Victor Hsu ◽  
Takayuki Tsuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Experimental Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Mortality ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin

Acute kidney injury (AKI) dramatically increases sepsis mortality, but AKI diagnosis is delayed when based on serum creatinine (SCr) changes, due in part, to decreased creatinine production. During experimental sepsis, we compared serum cystatin C (sCysC), SCr, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to inulin glomerular filtration rate (iGFR) before or 3–18 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis in CD-1 mice. sCysC had a faster increase and reached peak levels more rapidly than SCr in both sepsis and bilateral nephrectomy (BiNx) models. sCysC was a better surrogate of iGFR than SCr during sepsis. Combining sCysC with SCr values into a composite biomarker improved correlation with iGFR better than any biomarker alone or any other combination. We determined the renal contribution to sCysC handling with BiNx. sCysC and SCr were lower post-BiNx/CLP than post-BiNx alone, despite increased inflammatory and nonrenal organ damage biomarkers. Sepsis decreased CysC production in nephrectomized mice without changing body weight or CysC space. Sepsis decreased sCysC production and increased nonrenal clearance, similar to effects of sepsis on SCr. sCysC, SCr, and BUN were measured 6 h postsepsis to link AKI with mortality. Mice with above-median sCysC, BUN, or SCr values 6 h postsepsis died earlier than mice with below-median values, corresponding to a substantial AKI association with sepsis mortality in this model. sCysC performs similarly to SCr in classifying mice at risk for early mortality. We conclude that sCysC detects AKI early and better reflects iGFR in CLP-induced sepsis. This study shows that renal biomarkers need to be evaluated in specific contexts.

scholarly journals Role of cystatin C as a biomarker of acute kidney injury and as an independent long-term predictor of cardiovascular events, mortality and functional outcome

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Marrani ◽  
Teuta Zenjelaj ◽  
Daniela Bartoli ◽  
Francesco Corradi ◽  
Rinaldo Innocenti
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Introduction Serum cystatin C measurements as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI) is gaining acceptance as studies confirm and define its usefulness. The aim of this study is to determine whether increase in serum cystatin C has an impact on long-term mortality, independently from the presence of the kidney injury itself.Materials and methods A retrospective study (20-month follow-up) was conducted in 173 not selected hospitalized patients. According to serum cystatin C concentrations, patients were stratified in risk classes by quartiles (≥0.55 and <1 mg/L; ≥1 and <1.17 mg/L; ≥1.17 and 1.57 mg/L; ≥1.57 and ≤5.29 mg/L). We compared the association of cystatin C levels with the risk for long-term mortality, after adjustment for age, sex, race and heart failure risk factors.Results A relationship with higher serum levels of cystatin C and mortality was found in patients with and without AKI, being stronger in patients without AKI. After multivariate adjustment, the highest quartile of cystatin C (>1.5 mg/L) was associated with a lower risk for long-term mortality. The statistical analysis (Cox regression) of the independent variables as far as mortality is concerned confirmed the significance of our result (RR 3.60; IC 1.73–7.48; p = 0.001).Conclusions In summary, elevated serum cystatin C level (>1.5 mg/L) was strongly and independently associated with negative clinical outcomes such as mortality and cardiovascular events, independently from the kidney injury itself. The dosage of cystatin C might play an important role in clinical practice for the assessment of cardiovascular risk stratification.

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