scholarly journals INFECTIOUS AETIOLOGY OF MARGINAL ZONE LYMPHOMA AND ROLE OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2016006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Perrone ◽  
Gianna Maria D'Elia ◽  
Alessandro Pulsoni
Keyword(s):  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Causative Relationship ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Marginal zone lymphomas have been associated with several infectious agents covering both viral and bacterial pathogens and in some cases a clear aetiological role has been established. Pathogenetic mechanisms are currently not completely understood, however the role of chronic stimulation of the host immune response with persistent lymphocyte activation represents the most convincing explanation for lymphoproliferation. Gastric MALT lymphoma is strictly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and various eradicating protocols, developed due to increasing antibiotic resistance, represent the first line therapy. The response rate to eradication is good with 80% of response at 1 year; this finding is also noteworthy because recapitulates a cancer cured only by antibacterial approach and it satisfies the Koch postulates of causation, establishing a causative relationship between Hp and gastric MALT lymphoma. Patients with chronic HCV infection have 5 times higher risk to develop MZL, in particular an association with splenic and nodal MZL has been shown in several studies. Moreover, there is evidence of lymphoma regression after antiviral therapy with interferon+ribavirin, thus rising hope that new available drugs, extremely effective against HCV replication, could improve outcome also in HCV-driven lymphomas. The rare cases of MZL localized to orbital fat and eye conjunctivas have been associated with Chlamydia psittaci infection carried by birds. Efficacy of antibacterial therapy against C. psittaci are conflicting and generally poorer thain gastric MALT. Finally some case-reports will cover the relationship between primary cutaneous B-cell Lymphomas and Borrelia Burgdorferi.

Marginal Zone Lymphoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid S. Shaye ◽  
Alexandra M. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Marginal Zone Lymphoma ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
H Pylori

Marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs) comprise 3 distinct entities: extranodal MZL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), splenic MZL, and nodal MZL. Gastric MALT lymphoma is the most common extranodal MZL and often develops as a result of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Such cases frequently respond to antibiotics directed against H. pylori. Antigen-driven lymphomatous disease can also be seen in the association of Borrelia burgdorferi with MALT lymphoma of the skin, Chlamydia psittaci with MALT lymphoma of the ocular adnexa, Campylobacter jejuni with immunoproliferative disease of the small intestine, and hepatitis C with splenic MZL. This article discusses the pathogenesis and clinical features of MZL and the treatment options available to patients.

MALT Lymphomas

Hematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Cavalli ◽  
Peter G. Isaacson ◽  
Randy D. Gascoyne ◽  
Emanuele Zucca
Keyword(s):  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Gastric Lymphoma ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
General Term ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Lymphoma Study Group ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Abstract This review addresses the biology and the treatment of lymphomas arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). This entity, first described in 1983, represents about 8% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and was recently re-classified as “extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of MALT-type.” The term marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) encompasses the three closely related lymphoma subtypes of nodal, primary splenic and extranodal lymphomas of MALT type: the latter represent the vast majority of MZL. These lymphomas arise at different anatomic sites, are composed of mature B-cells lacking expression of CD5 and CD10, often present with overlapping morphologic features, but typically quite distinct clinical behaviors. Only very recently cytogenetic/molecular genetic observations have underlined the distinctiveness of these three lymphoid neoplasms, which in both the R.E.A.L. and WHO-classifications are included in the general term of MZL. MALT lymphomas arise in numerous extranodal sites, but gastric MALT lymphoma is the most common and best studied and is, therefore, the paradigm for the group as a whole. Dr. Isaacson describes the principal histological features of these lymphomas, including criteria to distinguish this entity from other small B-cell lymphomas. Several lines of evidence suggest that gastric lymphoma arises from MALT acquired as the result of aH. pyloriinfection. However, at least 1/3 of cases do not respond to eradication ofH. pylori. Very recent data suggest that both t(11;18) (q21;q21) and bcl10 nuclear expression are associated with failure to respond to this treatment. Dr. Gascoyne discusses the biologic function of proteins deregulated through the different translocations, which play a role in pathogenesis of MALT lymphomas, emphasizing particularly their influence in disrupting the apoptotic pathway. Dr. Zucca reviews findings suggesting that MALT lymphoma is an antigen driven neoplasm. He also presents specific guidelines for treatment of gastric lymphomas trying to shed some light on the amazingly inconsistent and confusing data in the literature. Taking advantage on the more than 300 non-gastric MALT lymphomas collected by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (ILESG), Dr. Cavalli compares gastric lymphomas with those arising in many other sites. Overall, the data presented in this session will underline the fact, that MALT lymphomas are characterized by some unique biological properties.

scholarly journals Preferential Dissemination of B-Cell Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma to the Splenic Marginal Zone

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 4071-4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Qing Du ◽  
Huai-Zheng Peng ◽  
Ahmet Dogan ◽  
Tim C. Diss ◽  
Haiqun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Gastric Lymphoma ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Marginal Zone B Cells ◽  
Clonal Identity

Abstract The tendency for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma cells preferentially to localize around reactive B-cell follicles, both in the mucosa and regional lymph nodes, coupled with their immunophenotype, has led to the proposal that the normal cell counterpart of this lymphoma is the marginal zone B cell. In keeping with this proposition, lymphocytes expressing the lymphoma idiotype have been detected in the splenic marginal zone in a single case of gastric MALT lymphoma. To confirm that this truly represented preferential homing of MALT lymphoma to the splenic marginal zone, we have now re-examined this case, together with 17 other cases, using both immunohistochemical and molecular methods in an attempt to establish clonal identity between the gastric lymphoma and cells in the splenic marginal zone. In three cases, the spleen was characterized by marked expansion of marginal zones by cells showing the same pattern of Ig light chain restriction as the gastric lymphoma. None of the remaining 15 cases showed histologic evidence of lymphomatous infiltration. Analysis of the Ig genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloning, and sequencing confirmed clonal identity between the splenic marginal zone infiltrates and the gastric lymphoma in the histologically involved cases. Amplifiable DNA could be extracted from only 5 of the remaining 15 cases. In 3 of these cases, including the case previously studied using an anti-idiotype, involvement of the splenic marginal zone could be confirmed using microdissection and clone-specific PCR. No involvement could be detected in the remaining 2 cases. In addition, we have shown that mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), the primary homing receptor of gut-mucosa for lymphocytes, was strongly expressed by the sinus lining cells of the splenic marginal zone. These results provide strong evidence for preferential involvement of the marginal zone when gastric MALT lymphomas disseminate to the spleen, which is in keeping with the notion that the marginal zone B cells are the normal counterparts of MALT lymphoma cells.

scholarly journals Disseminated Gastric MALT Lymphoma with Monoclonal Gammopathy, t(11;18)(q21;q21), and Subsequent Development of T-Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riad Akoum ◽  
Wassim Serhal ◽  
Hussein Farhat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Malt Type Lymphoma ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Background. Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a well-characterized entity that may share clinical and morphological findings with other low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Dissemination of MALT-type lymphoma to bone marrow and peripheral blood simultaneously with the presence of T-large granular cell leukemia (T-LGL) has rarely been reported.Case Presentation. This is the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with a gastric MALT-type lymphoma, disseminated to the bone marrow and the peripheral blood with high serum IgM levels and t(11;18)(q21;q21). The morphological, immunophenotypical and, immunohistochemical studies of the successive bone marrow and peripheral blood samples had revealed the coexistence of two distinct lymphoma cell populations: a B-cell, marginal zone type population expressing CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79b, IgM, and kappa light chain, and a T-large granular cell population, developed after treatment with rituximab expressing CD3, CD8, CD5, CD7, and CD45.Conclusion. Based on the analysis of this unusual case we performed an extensive review of the literature to elucidate the relationship between T-LGL and B-cell lymphomas and to emphasize the importance of paraprotein analysis at diagnosis of gastric MALT lymphoma.

Gastric malt lymphoma: Pathogenetic role of hepatitis C virus

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A689
Author(s):  
EM Tkoub ◽  
M Levy ◽  
C Haioun ◽  
JM Pawlotsky ◽  
D Dhumeaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Pathogenetic Role

Still a Role of Splenectomy as First-Line Therapy of Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. S376
Author(s):  
Hunan Julhakyan ◽  
Aminat Magomedova ◽  
Sergey Kravchenko ◽  
Karen Danishyan ◽  
Eduard Gemdzian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Marginal Zone Lymphoma ◽  
Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy

Management of Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Neumeister ◽  
Katharina Troppan ◽  
Markus Raderer
Keyword(s):  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Standard Chemotherapy ◽  
Histological Transformation ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Common Manifestation

Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type represent 7-8% of all B cell lymphomas and up to 50% of primary gastric lymphomas and can arise at any extranodal site. The most common manifestation is the stomach, which is almost invariably associated with a chronic Helicobacter pylori infection. The diagnosis is based on the histopathological evaluation of multiple gastric biopsies in accordance with the current WHO classification. The mainstay of therapy is H. pylori eradication, which must be delivered to all gastric MALT lymphoma patients, independent of stage. In patients who do not achieve lymphoma regression following antibiotic therapy, irradiation and/or systemic oncological therapies should be applied, depending on the stage of the disease. Radiotherapy might be the preferred option for localized stage. However, in the presence of disseminated or advanced disease, chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy with the anti-CD 20 antibody rituximab is the treatment of choice, but no standard chemotherapy has been defined so far. Gastric MALT lymphomas have a limited tendency to distant spreading and to histological transformation and thus MALT lymphoma usually has a favorable outcome, with an overall survival rate at 5 years of more than 85%.

Association of T-Cell Regulatory Gene Polymorphisms With Susceptibility to Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3483-3489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsu-Yao Cheng ◽  
Jaw-Town Lin ◽  
Li-Tzong Chen ◽  
Chia-Tung Shun ◽  
Hsiu-Po Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
H Pylori

Purpose Helicobacter pylori infection and host susceptibility interact to develop gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and activation of specific T cells might play a crucial role in this process. Recent investigations show that the CTLA4, CD28, and ICOS genes are located on chromosome 2q33 and their polymorphisms confer susceptibility to infectious and immune diseases through deregulation of T-cell stimulation. We aimed to determine the role of CTLA4, CD28, and ICOS polymorphisms in gastric MALT lymphoma. Patients and Methods Genotyping for CTLA4 (49 A/G, −318 C/T, and CT60 A/G), CD28 (IVS3+ 17T/C), and ICOS (c.602 A/C and c.1624C/T) was performed for 62 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma and compared with 250 unrelated healthy controls. Results H pylori infection was significantly higher in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma (90.3%) compared with controls (66.4%; P < .001). The CTLA4 −318 C/T genotype was associated with a lower risk of developing gastric MALT lymphoma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.3; P = .022), whereas CTLA4 49 G/G genotype was linked to a higher risk (OR = 4.1; P = .044). In patients with H pylori infection, CTLA4 49 G/G genotype was associated with an even higher risk (OR = 6.4; P = .047). Carriage of the tightly linked −318C –49G haplotype conferred a four-fold higher susceptibility to MALT lymphoma (OR = 4.2; P = .042). Complete remission after H pylori eradication was related to tumor stage but not to genotypes or haplotypes. Conclusion These results indicate a genetic link of CTLA4 gene polymorphisms to development of gastric MALT lymphoma and indirectly support the crucial role of host activated T cells in the MALT lymphomagenesis.

Role of endosonography in the management of patients with gastric malt lymphoma

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A683 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Spinelli ◽  
M. Schiavo ◽  
B. Borgatta ◽  
A. Schicchi ◽  
G. Calarco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori cagA status and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Keikha ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar ◽  
Yoshio Yamaoka ◽  
Mohsen Karbalaei
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Recent studies have investigated the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. It is estimated that approximately 0.1% of people infected with H. pylori develop gastric MALT lymphoma. However, the role of the CagA antigen, the highest causative agent of H. pylori, in increasing the risk of gastric MALT lymphoma remains unclear and controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effect of cagA status on the development of gastric MALT lymphoma. Methods All articles evaluating the status of the cagA gene in the development of gastric MALT lymphoma were collected using systematic searches in online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar, regardless of publication date. The association between cagA and gastric MALT lymphoma was assessed using the odds ratio (OR) summary. In addition, a random-effects model was used in cases with significant heterogeneity. Results A total of 10 studies met our inclusion criteria, among which 1860 patients participated. No association between cagA status and the development of MALT lymphoma (extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma) was found in this study (OR 1.30; 0.906–1.866 with 95% CIs; I2: 45.83; Q-value: 12.92). Surprisingly, a meaningful association was observed between cagA status and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR 6.43; 2.45–16.84 with 95% CIs). We also observed an inverse association between vacA and gastric MALT lymphoma risk (OR 0.92; 0.57–1.50 with 95% CIs). Conclusions It seems that the infection with cagA-positive H. pylori strains does not have a meaningful effect on the gastric MALT lymphoma formation, while translocated CagA antigen into the B cells plays a crucial role in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document