scholarly journals FEATURES OF ADOLESCENTS TUBERCULOSIS AT A REFERRAL TB'S HOSPITAL IN TEHRAN, IRAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2016005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferial Lotfian ◽  
Mohammad Reza Bolursaz ◽  
Soheila Khalilzadeh ◽  
Noshin Baghaie ◽  
Maryam Hassanzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiographic Finding ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Treatment Default ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Positive Sputum Smear

 AbstractOBJECTIVE: To identify the pattern of the clinical, radiological, diagnostic procedures and loss to follow -up of the diagnosed cases of active tuberculosis (TB) adolescents.METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 143 adolescents aged 10 to 18 years with tuberculosis who were admitted TB wards of National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD) in Tehran, Iran, between March 2006 and March2011. RESULTS: Of the 143 patients identified, 62.9% were females. Median age of the patients was 16 years. The contact source was identified in 47.5%.The most common presenting symptom was cough (86%).Isolated pulmonary TB (PTB) was detected in 113 patients (79%), 21 patients (14.7%) had extrapulmonary TB(EPTB), and 9 patients (6.3%) had PTB and EP TB .The most common site of  EPTB was pleural (14%) .The most common radiographic finding was infiltration (61%).Positive acid fast smears were seen in 67.8%.Positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M. TB) were seen in 31.6%. Positive PCR results were seen in 60%.The adolescents aged 15 to 18 years were more likely to lose weight (p=0.001), smear positive (p=0.002)and have positive PCR results (p=0.009). The type of TB (p=0.017) was a significant factor influencing loss to follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with the high rate of positive sputum smear results and the high treatment default rate are more likely to increase risk for TB transmission to the community. The TB control programs should pay more attention to prevention and treatment of TB in adolescents.  Key words: adolescents, tuberculosis, Lost to follow-up, prevention  

scholarly journals Loss to Follow-up Pattern in TB Patients in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munawar Hussain Soomro ◽  
Faisal Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Amir Khan ◽  
Ejaz Qadeer ◽  
Odd Mørkve
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Male Patients

Background: Tuberculosis is a serious global public health, social and economical problem that affects millions of people particularly in low income countries. The aim of this study was to see the loss to follow up pattern in Tuberculosis patients in district Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in district Rawalpindi between August and October 2010. All sputum smear positive Tuberculosis patients diagnosed and treated in public sector, urban and rural diagnostic centers of the district Rawalpindi during the year 2008 were included in the study.All cases other (smear negative pulmonary and extra-pulmonary) than sputum smear positive and all private hospitals were excluded. Results: A total of 451 patients were enrolled in the study. Majority of the patients (89.6%) were provided with the treatment support. Geographically dropout rate was observed higher in urban patients than in rural 18.7% vs. 10.5%. On the other hand by patient gender, drop out was seen more in male patients than in females 16.5% vs. 13.1%. By patients age groups, interestingly patients under the childhood age group all the patients completed the treatment while drop out was observed more in older age group. Conclusions: Loss to follow up pattern was seen more in urban patients, by gender more in male patients and by age groups observed more in older patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v16i1.22374 J MEDICINE 2015; 16 : 10-13

scholarly journals Patient and health system factors associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with tuberculosis using Xpert® MTB/RIF testing in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Zawedde-Muyanja ◽  
Achilles Katamba ◽  
Adithya Cattamanchi ◽  
Barbara Castelnuovo ◽  
Yukari C Manabe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tb Treatment

Abstract Background: In 2018, Uganda started only 65% of persons with incident tuberculosis on treatment. Pretreatment loss to follow up is an important contributor to suboptimal treatment coverage. We aimed to describe the patient and health facility-level characteristics associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis at public health facilities in Uganda. Methods: At ten public health facilities, laboratory register data was used to identify patients aged 15 years who had a positive Xpert®MTB/RIF test. Initiation on TB treatment was ascertained using the clinical register. Factors associated with not being initiated on TB treatment within two weeks of diagnosis were examined using a multilevel logistic regression model accounting for clustering by health facility. Results:From January to June 2018, 510 patients (61.2% male and 31.5% HIV co-infected) were diagnosed with tuberculosis. One hundred (19.6%) were not initiated on TB treatment within two weeks of diagnosis. Not having a phone number recorded in the clinic registers (aOR 7.93, 95%CI 3.93-13.05); being HIV-infected (aOR 1.83; 95% CI: 1.09-3.26) and receiving care from a high volume health facility performing more than 12 Xpert tests per day (aOR 4.37, 95%CI 1.69-11.29) and were significantly associated with pretreatment loss to follow up. Conclusion: In public health facilities in Uganda, we found a high rate of pretreatment loss to follow up especially among TBHIV co-infected patients diagnosed at high volume health facilities. Interventions to improve the efficiency of Xpert® MTB/RIF testing, including monitoring of the TB care cascade should be developed and implemented.

scholarly journals Syphilis and HIV-1 among parturient women in Salvador, Brazil: low prevalence of syphilis and high rate of loss to follow-up in HIV-infected women

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Nóbrega ◽  
Paula Dantas ◽  
Priscila Rocha ◽  
Isabela Rios ◽  
Marcos Abraão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Rate ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Patient and health system factors associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with tuberculosis using Xpert® MTB/RIF testing in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Zawedde-Muyanja ◽  
Achilles Katamba ◽  
Adithya Cattamanchi ◽  
Barbara Castelnuovo ◽  
Yukari C. Manabe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tb Treatment

Abstract Background In 2018, Uganda started only 65% of persons with incident tuberculosis on treatment. Pretreatment loss to follow up is an important contributor to suboptimal treatment coverage. We aimed to describe the patient and health facility-level characteristics associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis at public health facilities in Uganda. Methods At ten public health facilities, laboratory register data was used to identify patients aged ≥ 15 years who had a positive Xpert®MTB/RIF test. Initiation on TB treatment was ascertained using the clinical register. Factors associated with not being initiated on TB treatment within two weeks of diagnosis were examined using a multilevel logistic regression model accounting for clustering by health facility. Results From January to June 2018, 510 patients (61.2% male and 31.5% HIV co-infected) were diagnosed with tuberculosis. One hundred (19.6%) were not initiated on TB treatment within 2 weeks of diagnosis. Not having a phone number recorded in the clinic registers (aOR 7.93, 95%CI 3.93–13.05); being HIV-infected (aOR 1.83; 95% CI: 1.09–3.26) and receiving care from a high volume health facility performing more than 12 Xpert tests per day (aOR 4.37, 95%CI 1.69–11.29) and were significantly associated with pretreatment loss to follow up. Conclusion In public health facilities in Uganda, we found a high rate of pretreatment loss to follow up especially among TBHIV co-infected patients diagnosed at high volume health facilities. Interventions to improve the efficiency of Xpert® MTB/RIF testing, including monitoring of the TB care cascade should be developed and implemented.

scholarly journals Mobile health to improve adherence to tuberculosis treatment in Khartoum state, Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Osman Ahmed Ali ◽  
Martin H. Prins
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Treatment Default ◽  
Sms Reminder ◽  
Positive Sputum Smear ◽  
Impact On Treatment ◽  
And Control

Although tuberculosis is a treatable disease, the high frequency of treatment default remains a challenge. The use of mobile phones structurally in a TB program has the potential to lower the frequency of default. However, it’s impact on treatment outcome in Sudan has not yet been evaluated. The aim is to evaluate the potential use of cell phones for lowering treatment default. We conducted a controlled intervention pilot study during the period from 1st of May 2017 to 31st of March 2018, in eight TB treatment units in Khartoum state, Sudan. Newly diagnosed patient with positive sputum smear on DOTS therapy were enrolled in intervention and control groups. SMS reminder were sent to the intervention group.Assessments were done at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. One hundred and forty-eight patients were enrolled, seventy-four patients in each group.The participants in the two groups were similar in demographic characteristics and behavioral and knowledge related factors about TB disease at baseline. The patients in the intervention group had a lower default rate (6.8%), higher documented cure rate (78.4%), better knowledge compared to control group. SMS reminder was useful and facilitated good interaction between patients and health personnel. Mobile texting seemed useful and was highly accepted by participants. Further evaluation of it’s potential benefit was warranted.

scholarly journals Survival Analysis of Loss to Follow-Up Treatment among Tuberculosis Patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geremew Muleta Akessa ◽  
Mulualem Tadesse ◽  
Gemeda Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Jimma University

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) patients who do not complete treatment pose a potential public health risk through disease reactivation, increased transmission, and development of drug-resistance. This study is aimed at analyzing the time to loss to follow-up treatment and risk factors among TB patients. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study based on record review of 510 TB patients enrolled in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. The Cox’s proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to model the outcome of interest. Loss to follow-up was used as an outcome measure. Results. Out of 510 TB patients, 69 (13.5%) were lost to follow-up (LTFU) treatment. The median times of survival starting from the date of treatment initiation were 5.7 months. The majority of LTFU patients interrupted treatment during continuation phase. Treatment LTFU has an association with HIV status, weight, and residence. However, living in the rural area has a cause for LTFU patients on multivariate analysis (HR 4.4, 95% CI 1.58–12.19). Conclusions. High rate of LTFU was observed among TB patients in Southwest Ethiopia. Treatment LTFU was more frequently observed among patients who came from rural areas. This underlines the need for distributing TB treatment to the rural area.

KARAKTERISTIK KLINIS PASIEN YANG MENERIMA TERAPI ARV DI RSUD KABUPATEN BULELENG

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ngurah Putu Candra ◽  
Dewi Aprelia Meriyani ◽  
Luh Putu Desy Puspaningrat ◽  
Yopita Triguno ◽  
Ni Kadek Ayu Tamara Widya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Hiv Aids

  ABSTRAK Latar Belakang Penyakit menular yang selalu memberikan dampak tidak hanya kesehatan tetapi social dan ekomoni adalha HIV/AIDS.Tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi klinis dan dmeografi pasien yang menerima terapi ARV.MetodePenelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan secara kohort retrospektifmenggunakan data sekunder dari register kohort ARV dari tahun 2005-2015 (11 tahun terapi ARV). Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat menggunakan SPSS versi 17.Hasil Karakteristik klinis dan demografi pada odha yang menerima terapi ARV yaitu 45,32% dalam kondisi ambulatory, 75.42% mendapatkan regimen NNRTI jenis zidovudine, 75.82 % mendapatkan terapi regimen NRTI nevirapine, 79.66% pada kondisi stadium 3 dan 4, dengan klasifikasi umur produktif (< 40 tahun sebanyak 82.05%, sebagian besar berjenis kelamin laki-laki 62.96%, dan memiliki pengawas minum obat (PMO) sebesar 68.25%. Proporsi kematian sebesar  9.3 % (112 orang), LTFU (loss to follow up) 18.52% (223 orang), subsitusi regimen lini satu 9.88% (119 orang),rujuk keluar 1.83% (22 orang) dan yang masih dalam pengobatan sebesar 69.93% (842).Kesimpulan Pasien yang mengalami LTFU terbagi dalam beberapa kondisi yaitu LTFU dalam kondisi meninggal 3.07% (37 orang), LTFU dalam kondisi hidup 0.5% (6 orang), dan LTFU yang tidak diketahui kondisinya sebesar 14.95% (180 orang).Saran Monitoring dan evaluasi pada program pengobatan dilakukan secara berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan konsistensi terapi yang dilakukan.  Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, Terapi, HIV/AIDS 

Does Hospitalization Predict the Disease Course in Ulcerative Colitis? Prevalence and Predictors of Hospitalization and Re- Hospitalization in Ulcerative Colitis in a Population-based Inception Cohort (2000-2012)

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra A. Golovics ◽  
Laszlo Lakatos ◽  
Michael D. Mandel ◽  
Barbara D. Lovasz ◽  
Zsuzsanna Vegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Inception Cohort ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Hospitalization Rates

Background & Aims: Limited data are available on the hospitalization rates in population-based studies. Since this is a very important outcome measure, the aim of this study was to analyze prospectively if early hospitalization is associated with the later disease course as well as to determine the prevalence and predictors of hospitalization and re-hospitalization in the population-based ulcerative colitis (UC) inception cohort in the Veszprem province database between 2000 and 2012. Methods: Data of 347 incident UC patients diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010 were analyzed (M/F: 200/147, median age at diagnosis: 36, IQR: 26-50 years, follow-up duration: 7, IQR 4-10 years). Both in- and outpatient records were collected and comprehensively reviewed. Results: Probabilities of first UC-related hospitalization were 28.6%, 53.7% and 66.2% and of first re-hospitalization were 23.7%, 55.8% and 74.6% after 1-, 5- and 10- years of follow-up, respectively. Main UC-related causes for first hospitalization were diagnostic procedures (26.7%), disease activity (22.4%) or UC-related surgery (4.8%), but a significant percentage was unrelated to IBD (44.8%). In Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression analysis disease extent at diagnosis (HR extensive: 1.79, p=0.02) or at last follow-up (HR: 1.56, p=0.001), need for steroids (HR: 1.98, p<0.001), azathioprine (HR: 1.55, p=0.038) and anti-TNF (HR: 2.28, p<0.001) were associated with the risk of UC-related hospitalization. Early hospitalization was not associated with a specific disease phenotype or outcome; however, 46.2% of all colectomies were performed in the year of diagnosis. Conclusion: Hospitalization and re-hospitalization rates were relatively high in this population-based UC cohort. Early hospitalization was not predictive for the later disease course.

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