scholarly journals Effect of phenolic compounds and osmotic stress on the expression of penicillin biosynthetic genes from Penicillium chrysogenum var. halophenolicum strain

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaya Ferreira Guedes ◽  
Ana Lúcia Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Halotolerant Fungus ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Isopenicillin N

Phenol and phenolic compounds are aromatic pollutants that inhibit biological treatment of wastewaters. <em>Penicillium chrysogenum</em> var. <em>halophenolicum</em> is a halotolerant fungus that previously showed the ability to degrade phenol and resorcinol in high salinity conditions. The presence of the penicillin biosynthetic cluster in <em>P. chrysogenum</em> var. <em>halophenolicum</em> was recently described. In this article, we examined the expression of <em>pcbAB</em>, <em>pcbC</em> and <em>penDE</em>, genes responsible for &delta;-(L-&alpha;-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase, isopenicillin N synthase and isopenicillin N acyltransferase activities, respectively, in <em>P. chrysogenum</em> var. <em>halophenolicum</em>. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) approach was used to determine how these genes were expressed in media with 2% and 5.9% NaCl supplemented with phenol, catechol, hydroquinone and resorcinol as the sole carbon source. The effect of salt on the capability of <em>P. chrysogenum</em> var. <em>halophenolicum</em> to degrade aromatic compounds was measured using HPLC. qPCR analysis of RNA extracted from <em>P. chrysogenum</em> var. <em>halophenolicum</em> indicated that the expression levels of <em>pcbAB</em>, <em>pcbC</em> and <em>penDE</em> decreased in high saline concentrations compared to the levels expressed in media with glucose. High concentrations of salt significantly repress the expression of <em>pcbAB</em> and <em>penDE</em>. The <em>pcbC</em> gene was expressed differentially in catechol containing medium. There was no evident relationship between the expression levels of penicillin biosynthetic genes and yields of penicillin. Meanwhile, the presence of phenol and phenolic compounds seems to positively influence the antibiotic production; high concentrations of salt stimulated penicillin production. These results support the hypothesis that phenol, phenolic compounds and high concentrations of salt could act like a stress factor for <em>P. chrysogenum</em> var. <em>halophenolicum</em> resulting in higher yields of &beta;-lactam antibiotic production.

scholarly journals Beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic genes have been conserved in clusters in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Smith ◽  
M.K. Burnham ◽  
J.H. Bull ◽  
J.E. Hodgson ◽  
J.M. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals Effect of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide on biliary excretion of a beta- lactam antibiotic, cefoperazone, in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2258-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Haghgoo ◽  
T. Hasegawa ◽  
M. Nadai ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
T. Nabeshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals Epidemiological Investigation of MRSA with Antagonistic Effects of ^|^beta;-lactam Antibiotic and Vancomycin

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Hideaki HANAKI ◽  
Kazunari BARADA ◽  
Takashi INAMATSU ◽  
Keisuke SUNAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals BRL 17421, a novel beta-lactam antibiotic, highly resistant to beta-lactamases, giving high and prolonged serum levels in humans.

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Slocombe ◽  
M J Basker ◽  
P H Bentley ◽  
J P Clayton ◽  
M Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals Outcomes from an inpatient beta-lactam allergy guideline across a large US health system

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 528-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly G. Blumenthal ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Joyce T. Hsu ◽  
Anna R. Wolfson ◽  
David N. Berkowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Test Dose ◽  
Drug Discontinuation ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Model Modification ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Dose Step

AbstractObjective:To assess the safety of, and subsequent allergy documentation associated with, an antimicrobial stewardship intervention consisting of test-dose challenge procedures prompted by an electronic guideline for hospitalized patients with reported β-lactam allergies.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:Large healthcare system consisting of 2 academic and 3 community acute-care hospitals between April 2016 and December 2017.Methods:We evaluated β-lactam antibiotic test-dose outcomes, including adverse drug reactions (ADRs), hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), and electronic health record (EHR) allergy record updates. HSR predictors were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Modification of the EHR allergy record after test doses considered relevant allergy entries added, deleted, and/or specified.Results:We identified 1,046 test-doses: 809 (77%) to cephalosporins, 148 (14%) to penicillins, and 89 (9%) to carbapenems. Overall, 78 patients (7.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9%–9.2%) had signs or symptoms of an ADR, and 40 (3.8%; 95% CI, 2.8%–5.2%) had confirmed HSRs. Most HSRs occurred at the second (ie, full-dose) step (68%) and required no treatment beyond drug discontinuation (58%); 3 HSR patients were treated with intramuscular epinephrine. Reported cephalosporin allergy history was associated with an increased odds of HSR (odds ratio [OR], 2.96; 95% CI, 1.34–6.58). Allergies were updated for 474 patients (45%), with records specified (82%), deleted (16%), and added (8%).Conclusion:This antimicrobial stewardship intervention using β-lactam test-dose procedures was safe. Overall, 3.8% of patients with β-lactam allergy histories had an HSR; cephalosporin allergy histories conferred a 3-fold increased risk. Encouraging EHR documentation might improve this safe, effective, and practical acute-care antibiotic stewardship tool.

scholarly journals Influence of the temperature factor on regeneration features of Silene Jailensis N.I. Rubtzov and Crepis Purpurea (Willd.) M. Bieb. and the content of phenolic substances in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
I. V. Mitrofanova ◽  
N. N. Ivanova ◽  
A. E. Paliy ◽  
I. N. Paliy ◽  
O. V. Mitrofanova
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
High Concentrations

The results of temperature influence on the regeneration of microshoots and the level of phenolic compounds in microshoots of two rare plant species under in vitro conditions are presented. It is shown that the maximum growth of the main and the formation of adventitious shoots, leaves occurred at a temperature of 21- 23°C. Reconnaissance experiments on the biochemical study of organs and tissues of the studied species were conducted. It was found that the leaves contain high concentrations of phenolic substances and are characterized by a wide variety of components. It is shown that as the temperature increased, the content of the sum of phenolic substances increased, which negatively affected the morphogenetic potential of the studied species.

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