scholarly journals Together is better. Experience of simultaneous fermentation of yeast and bacteria as a possible strategy to prevent stuck fermentation in difficult wines

Wine Studies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Guzzon ◽  
Mario Malacarne ◽  
Sergio Moser ◽  
Roberto Larcher
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Malolactic Fermentation ◽  
Oenococcus Oeni ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Grape Must

In the field of winemaking, malolactic fermentation is a key aspect in obtaining high quality wines. Unfortunately, in some oenological contexts effective evolution does not take place because of the occurrence of certain limiting factors for malolactic bacteria in wine. Simultaneous alcoholic and malolactic fermentation in grape must is a promising alternative that promotes the survival of bacteria, due to the absence of certain limiting factors such as ethanol or other toxic substances produced by yeasts in the native grape must. The risk of wine depreciation due to the spoilage activity of malolactic bacteria can be reduced by using selected strains of <em>Oenococcus oeni</em>, with proven behaviour in terms of malolactic fermentation occurring in the presence of sugars. In this work we compared the activity of a strain of <em>Oenococcus oeni</em> in malolactic fermentation of a Chardonnay grape must, using different winemaking protocols characterised by sequential or simultaneous inoculums of microbial starters. The results are discussed both in terms of fermentative behaviour and the quality of the wines obtained, with careful analysis of the main chemical parameters of the wines and of 47 different volatile compounds, giving an exhaustive overview of the opportunities and the risks related to different wine fermentation strategies.

scholarly journals A Sequence-Based Novel Approach for Quality Evaluation of Third-Generation Sequencing Reads

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
Neng Huang ◽  
Jiantao Zheng ◽  
Xingyu Liao ◽  
Jianxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Contig Assembly ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Third Generation Sequencing ◽  
Long Reads ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The advent of third-generation sequencing (TGS) technologies, such as the Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore machines, provides new possibilities for contig assembly, scaffolding, and high-performance computing in bioinformatics due to its long reads. However, the high error rate and poor quality of TGS reads provide new challenges for accurate genome assembly and long-read alignment. Efficient processing methods are in need to prioritize high-quality reads for improving the results of error correction and assembly. In this study, we proposed a novel Read Quality Evaluation and Selection Tool (REQUEST) for evaluating the quality of third-generation long reads. REQUEST generates training data of high-quality and low-quality reads which are characterized by their nucleotide combinations. A linear regression model was built to score the quality of reads. The method was tested on three datasets of different species. The results showed that the top-scored reads prioritized by REQUEST achieved higher alignment accuracies. The contig assembly results based on the top-scored reads also outperformed conventional approaches that use all reads. REQUEST is able to distinguish high-quality reads from low-quality ones without using reference genomes, making it a promising alternative sequence-quality evaluation method to alignment-based algorithms.

scholarly journals Environmental assessment of water quality in various lakes of the Volyn region, which is intensively used in recreation

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Quality Of Water

Introduction. Assessment of the ecological status of lakes is important for their conservation and protection. Many lakes are intensively used in recreation in Volyn Region. The development of the resort and recreational facilities requires significant additional volumes of fresh water to maintain the depth of the reservoirs in the bathing area, certain sanitary and temperature regimes of the reservoirs. The limiting factors are the sanitary and hygienic indicators of water. First and foremost, high quality of water should be provided for the organization of contact types of recreation (bathing, diving, water skiing, etc.). The purpose of article. The purpose of the article is ecological assessment of water quality in various lakes of Volyn Region, which are most intensively used in recreation. Methods. Research methods are expeditionary, methods of mathematical statistics and environmental assessment of water quality, which were carried out in accordance with the methodology for assessing the quality of surface water in the respective categories. During the preparation of the article, materials from their own expeditionary studies of the natural-economic state of the lakes were used, as well as the results of chemical analysis of the water composition conducted by the Water and Soil Monitoring Laboratory of the Regional Water Resources Office in Volyn Region and the Complex Laboratory for Observation of the Environmental Environmental Center. Results. The analysis of the qualitative indicators of the lakes Svitiaz, Velyke Zgoranske and Somyn showed the high quality of water in the lakes. For the period of 2015–2019, water quality was classified as „good” class II, by degree of cleanliness „clean”, by category as „very good”, by degree of cleanliness „clean” on all lakes. The value of IE for the Lake Velyke Zgoranske varied in the range of 1.81–2.44, in the range of 1.66–2.07 for the Lake Svitiaz, and in the range of 2.56–2.96 for the Lake Somyn. Index І2 (ecological and sanitary indicators) has the most influence on the magnitude of the ecological index of water quality. The scientific novelty lies in establishing block and integral indexes of ecological assessment of water quality, classes and categories of water quality of the most recreationally-developed lakes of Volyn Region, as well as in assessment of the dynamics of indicators of water quality of lakes during the years of 2015–19. Practical significance is defined with the opportunity of development of a set of measures for the rational use and protection of lakes.

scholarly journals The Association of Health Literacy with High-Quality Home Blood Pressure Monitoring for Hypertensive Patients in Outpatient Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sau Nga Fu ◽  
Man Chi Dao ◽  
Carlos King Ho Wong ◽  
Bernard Man Yung Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Home Blood Pressure ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Home Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
High Quality

Worldwide hypertension (HT) guidelines recommend use of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) in patients with persistent suboptimal blood pressure (BP) readings. It is not clear how patients with limited health literacy could perform HBPM to assist BP control. This study aimed at finding the association between HBPM and patients from lower socioeconomic classes, particularly on the effect of health literacy or educational level. Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed) were searched for primary studies with keywords including educational level, health literacy, numeracy, home blood pressure monitoring, accuracy, and quality. The PRISMA guideline was followed. The quality of the literature was assessed by the Cochrane tool and modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Nineteen interventional studies and 29 cross-sectional studies were included. Different populations used different cutoffs to report patients’ educational level, whereas health literacy was rarely measured. Three studies used psychometric validated tools to assess health literacy. The quality of HBPM could be assessed by the completion of the procedures’ checklist or the number of HBPM readings recorded. The association between subjects’ health literacy or educational level and the quality of HBPM was variable. The interventional studies showed that increasing professional-patient contact time could improve patients’ knowledge, efficacy, and quality of HBPM. Conclusion. Patients’ educational level and literacy were not the limiting factors to acquire high-quality HBPM. High-quality HBPM could be achieved by the structured educational intervention. The quality and amount of evidence on this topic are limited. Therefore, further studies are warranted.

scholarly journals Biological Deacidification Strategies for White Wines

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gardoni ◽  
S. Benito ◽  
S. Scansani ◽  
S. Brezina ◽  
S. Fritsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Malolactic Fermentation ◽  
Oenococcus Oeni ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Collateral Effects

Traditionally, the use of malolactic fermentation gives rise to microbiologically stable wines. However, malolactic fermentation is not free from possible collateral effects that can take place under specific scenarios. The present work tests the influence of different biological deacidification strategies on the volatile and non-volatile components of white must from Germany. The study compared mixed cultures of Lachancea thermotolerans and Schizosaccharomyces pombe and a pure culture of Sc. pombe to the classical biological deacidification process performed by lactic acid bacteria. Strains of Oenococcus oeni and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum were co- or sequentially inoculated with S. cerevisiae to carry out malolactic fermentation. Different fermentation treatments took place at a laboratory scale of 0.6 L in vessels of 0.75 L. The instrumental techniques Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to evaluate different chemical parameters in the final wines. The results showed the ability of Sc. pombe to consume malic acid in combination with L. thermotolerans without using S. cerevisiae or lactic acid bacteria. Fermentations involving Sc. pombe consumed all the malic acid, although they reduced the concentrations of higher alcohols, fatty acids and acetic acid. Simultaneous alcoholic and malolactic fermentations reduced malic acid by about 80%, while classical malolactic fermentation reduced it by 100%. Fermentations involving L. thermotolerans produced the highest lactic acid, ester and glycerol concentrations.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Properties of Biodiesel Produced from Neem Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prithviraj Bhandare ◽  
G.R. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physico Chemical

Biodiesel is becoming prominent among the alternatives to conventional petro-diesel due to economic, environmental and social factors. The quality of biodiesel is influenced by the nature of feedstock and the production processes employed. High amounts of free fatty acids (FFA) in the feedstock are known to be detrimental to the quality of biodiesel. In addition, oils with compounds containing hydroxyl groups possess high viscosity due to hydrogen bonding. American Standards and Testing Materials, (ASTM D 6751) recommends FFA content of not more than 0.5% in biodiesel and a viscosity of less than 6 mm2/s. In this experiment the seed oils of 30 Neem (Azadirachta indica. A. juss) biotypes were screened and evaluated for their physico-chemical parameters for their potential in biodiesel. The properties of Neem biodiesel were compared with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and the fuel properties of diesel. Results showed that high amounts of FFA in oils produced low quality biodiesel while neutralized oils with low amounts of FFA produced high quality biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel from jatropha and castor oils was improved greatly by neutralising the crude oils.

scholarly journals Pollution Bactérienne Et Toxique Dans Les Eaux Des Rejets Industriels Et Domestiques Du Littoral Atlantique (Casablanca Est- Maroc)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Amine Siba ◽  
Samir Eljaafari ◽  
Faouzia Mokhtari
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Faecal Streptococci

In this work, we will focus on the assessment of the quality of the Casablanca EST coastline, including bacterial and toxic water pollution, before the realization of the SIDI BERNOUSSI pre-treatment station. For this purpose, a set of analyzes were carried out on the littoral waters to evaluate the quality of sea water. This companion of analyzes includes: Analyzes on the surface of the sea water: Physico-chemical parameters: pH, temperature, biological oxygen demand BOD 5. Undesirables substances: Nitrates (NO3-), Ammonium (NH4+), Phosphates (PO4-), Hydrocarbons. Bacteriological parameters: Faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci. Sediment Analysis: Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), Cadmium (Cd), Total Chromium (CrT), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Selenium (Se), Zinc (Zn). Biodiversity analyzes: For algae: Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb). For mussels: Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb). The results showed that the waters of the east coast of Casablanca are contaminated with pollutants in this case pathogenic bacteria, toxic substances including heavy metals and other toxic substances; on the other hand, coastal biodiversity is also affected. This contamination is due to industrial activity in the area. but remains below, for most pollutants, normative limits. For bacteriological pollution, beaches AIN SEBAA and NAHLA recorded a coliform contamination and faecal streptococci exceeding the values of the Moroccan norm of bathing water.

Influence of technology parameters of free-cutting steel continuous casting on the billet internal structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
A. T. Kunakbaeva ◽  
A. M. Stolyarov ◽  
M. V. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Cutting Steel ◽  
Continuously Cast

Free-cutting steel gains specific working properties thanks to the high content of sulfur and phosphorus. These elements, especially sulfur, have a rather high tendency to segregation. Therefore, segregation defects in free-cutting steel continuously cast billets can be significantly developed. The aim of the work was to study the influence of the chemical composition of freecutting steel and casting technological parameters on the quality of the macrostructure of continuously cast billets. A metallographic assessment of the internal structure of cast metal made of free-cutting steel and data processing by application of correlation and regression analysis were the research methods. The array of production data of 43 heats of free-cutting steel of grade A12 was studied. Steel casting on a five-strand radial type continuous casting machine was carried out by various methods of metal pouring from tundish into the molds. Metal of 19 heats was poured with an open stream, and 24 heats – by a closed stream through submerged nozzles with a vertical hole. High-quality billets had a cross-sectional size of 150×150 mm. The macrostructure of high-quality square billets made of free-cutting steel of A12 grade is characterized by the presence of central porosity, axial segregation and peripheral point contamination, the degree of development of which was in the range from 1.5 to 2.0 points, segregation cracks and strips – about 1.0 points. In the course of casting with an open stream, almost all of these defects are more developed comparing with the casting by a closed stream. As a result of correlation and regression analysis, linear dependences of the development degree of segregation cracks and strips both axial and angular on the sulfur content in steel and on the ratio of manganese content to sulfur content were established. The degree of these defects development increases with growing of sulfur content in steel of A12 grade. These defects had especially strong development when sulfur content in steel was of more than 0.10%. To improve the quality of cast metal, it is necessary to have the ratio of the manganese content to the sulfur content in the metal more than eight.

Experience of clinical testing of personal telemedicine system ‘Obereg’ for remote monitoring of patients in intensive care units

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Eryomenko ◽  
N. V. Rostunova ◽  
S. A. Budagyan ◽  
V. V. Stets
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Testing ◽  
Transportation Of Patients ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Hospital Equipment

The experience of clinical testing of the personal telemedicine system ‘Obereg’ for remote monitoring of patients at the intensive care units of leading Russian clinics is described. The high quality of communication with the remote receiving devices of doctors, the accuracy of measurements, resistance to interference from various hospital equipment and the absence of its own impact on such equipment were confirmed. There are significant advantages compared to stationary patient monitors, in particular, for intra and out-of-hospital transportation of patients.

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF VISUALIZATION OF CORONARY ARTERIES WITH TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Z. A. Agaeva ◽  
K. B. Baghdasaryan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Anatomic Reconstruction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Acoustic Window ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The transthoracic echocardiography made by multifrequency probes with support of the mode of the second harmonic imaging, is a competitive method for visualization of the main coronary arteries and allows to estimate coronary blood flow with high quality. Of course, the method has considerable restrictions, most important of which is the low spatial resolution of a method, due to small acoustic window. Because of this the transthoracic visualization of coronary arteries perhaps will not become the leading method of anatomic reconstruction of separately taken coronary artery and especially all coronary arteries system. However uniqueness and indisputable advantage of this method is an opportunity to noninvasively estimate a coronary blood flow both once, and in dynamics.

Estimates on poverty in Russia and the additional measures to reduce it at the regional level

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Sadykov
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Social Standard ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sociological Studies

Subject. This article deals with the issues of social justice and a high quality of life, creating favorable economic and social conditions. Objectives. The article aims to assess the rate and changes in poverty in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan and develop complementary measures to reduce it. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical, comparative, economic and statistical analyses, the results of sociological studies, and official statistics. Results. The article highlights additional measures to reduce poverty in the region, including the establishment of a minimum social standard of living in each particular region that determines the poverty rate. Conclusions. Various factors, such as economic sanctions, economic slowdowns, territorial and regional imbalances, lead to living standards decline and poverty rise.

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