scholarly journals Morphology, development and reproduction of Atractomorpha acutipennis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sévilor Kekeunou ◽  
Marcelle Mbadjoun-Nziké ◽  
Alain Christel Wandji ◽  
Steve Bernard Soh-Baleba ◽  
Alfiery Laurel Djomnang-Nkwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Nymphal Development ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Morphology Development

For a better knowledge of Atractomorpha acutipennis bio-ecology and to facilitate its identification, we studied the morphology, development and reproduction of this grasshopper on Manihot esculenta under laboratory conditions. Five hundred and fifty-one first nymphal stages obtained in the laboratory were reared in cages. Some body parts allowed a clear identification of different nymphal instars. Post-embryonic development passed through six stages (males) and seven stages (females). Mean nymphal development time was 17.14 ± 0.62, 12.91 ± 0.62, 13.45 ± 0.69, 13.80 ± 0.68, 15.23 ± 0.55 days respectively in males nymphal instars 1 to 5 and 16.18 ± 0.54, 13.13 ± 0.59, 12.49 ± 0.42, 13.19 ± 0.58, 14.58 ± 0.61, 16.57 ± 0.68 days respectively, in females nymphal instars 1 to 6. Adult females deposited an average of 3.67 ± 2 egg pods each comprising 30.77 ± 10.5 eggs. First mating was observed 18 ± 15.42 days after the last moult. Oviposition occured on average 19.33± 5.33 days after the first mating. This study provides important information about the biology of A. acutipennis, which could help in developing control methods against this grasshopper in southern Cameroon.

scholarly journals Resistance to Beet Armyworm, Hemipterans, and Liriomyza spp. in Lycopersicon Accessions

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanford D. Eigenbrode ◽  
John T. Trumble ◽  
Richard A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Foliage Weight

Accessions of Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme (Dun.) A. Gray (cer) and L. pimpinellifolium (Jusl.) Mill. (pimp), sustained significantly less damage to fruit by beet armyworm [Spodoptera exigua (Hiibner)] than standard cultivars and breeding lines of L. esculentum Mill. (esc) under natural infestations in 1990 and 1991 in southern California. The dwarf vine cherry cultivar Tiny Tim also sustained less damage than the standards. Accessions of esc with various monogenic mutations sustained at least as much beet armyworm damage as did standard cultivars. The percentage of fruit damaged was significantly correlated with vine weight, weight per fruit, number of fruit, and the fruit-foliage weight ratio (Pearson's coefficients, respectively: -0.533, 0.450, -0.483, 0.390, n = 37). In laboratory assays, survival of beet armyworm was significantly lower (5% of susceptible& growth rates were significantly lower, and development time was significantly longer on the fruit of resistant `Tiny Tim' and LA 1320 cer than the fruit of 11 other test lines. There were no substantial differences in beet armyworm survival on the foliage of the test lines. In the field trials, there were also significant differences among the test lines in damage by Liriomyza species and hemipteran pests. Lines with genes for increased densities of nonglandular leaf trichomes (especially LA 1663) were generally less damaged by Liriomyza than other lines. Damage by hemipterans was correlated with vine and fruit size, fruit count, and fruit-foliage weight ratio in 1991, but high intraseason variability prevented clear identification of test lines resistant to these pests.

MORPHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND BEHAVIOR OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF THE PARASITE BATHYPLECTES ANURUS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Bartell ◽  
B. C. Pass
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Hypera Postica ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Morphology Development ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

AbstractObservations, measurements, dissections, and histological preparations were made daily of the eggs and larvae of Bathyplectes anurus (Thomson) while in their host, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Observation of development began 24 h after oviposition and ended when parasite larvae emerged from their hosts.Parasite eggs doubled in length and width during their 3- to 4-day incubation period. Parasite larvae fed on hemolymph initially but later instars preferred the fat body and other tissues. B. anurus has five instars. From 18 to 21 days were required for the larvae to complete development and total development time was 21–25 days at 21 ± 1 °C.

Embryonic development of the newt Triturus italicus in relation to temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tripepi ◽  
F. Rossi ◽  
G. Peluso
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractThe embryonic development of Triturus italicus was observed at different temperatures. Normal development occurred between 10°C and 22.5°C. In this range of temperatures an hyperbolic relationship between development time and temperature was confirmed.

Clutch size influences embryonic stages at oviposition in a lizard with prolonged egg retention

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Foucart ◽  
Benoit Heulin ◽  
Olivier Lourdais
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Resource Limitation ◽  
Egg Retention ◽  
Zootoca Vivipara ◽  
Female Relative ◽  
Clutch Mass

We examined the possible interaction between reproductive effort and embryonic stages at oviposition in oviparous form of the lizard Zootoca vivipara. Our results reveal that the percentage of total embryonic development time (%TEDT) reached at oviposition is negatively correlated to clutch size (adjusted to maternal body size). We found no influence of reproductive burden of female (relative clutch mass, RCM) on %TEDT. The significant effect of fecundity supports the hypothesis that a resource limitation such as oxygen may exist for developing embryos in oviducts. The absence of RCM effect suggests that the available space (abdominal burdening of the mother) does not limit the embryonic stages at oviposition.

scholarly journals Quiescence in Aedes aegypti: Interpopulation Differences Contribute to Population Dynamics and Vectorial Capacity

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Oliva ◽  
Roseli La Corte ◽  
Marcelo Santana ◽  
Cleide Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Vectorial Capacity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Male Predominance

The strategy of Aedes aegypti to prolong embryonic viability by quiescence has severe implications for geographic expansion and maintenance of mosquito populations in areas under control measures. We evaluated the effects of quiescence on biological parameters directly or indirectly associated with population dynamics and vectorial capacity in populations of this mosquito species from two Brazilian municipalities characterized as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika transmission areas. Egg viability, initial hatching time, post-embryonic development time, adult emergence rate, sexual proportion, adult size, fecundity, and fertility were analyzed using eggs stored for 10, 40, 70, 100, 130, and 160 d. Quiescence time reduced overall egg viability and post-embryonic development time in both municipalities but was more costly in Aracaju (100 d, 8 d) than in Recife (130 d, 7.5 d). Emergence rates increased in Recife when the eggs were older, but not in Aracaju. Significant deviations in sexual proportion, with male predominance, were observed in both populations. Initial hatch, fecundity, fertility, and adult size did not significantly influence egg quiescence time. These results indicate intrinsic and differential characteristics for each A. aegypti population, suggesting a differential cost of quiescence for population dynamics parameters that can indirectly affect vectorial capacity and control measures.

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