scholarly journals Late-onset rash in patients with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis treated with amoxicillin

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Symmetrical Distribution ◽  
Group A ◽  
Possible Cause

We observed late-onset rashes in patients with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Of 1028 patients with GAS pharyngitis, which was principally treated with amoxicillin, we evaluated those who developed a late-onset rash and excluded those with scarlet fever alone. Twenty-one patients developed a rash (2.0%, 95% confidence interval, 1.3- 3.1%), 7 to 20 days (median, 8 days) after GAS pharyngitis onset. The rashes were characterized by maculopapules, which increased in size with coalescence and some developing into plaques, with a symmetrical distribution with a propensity for the extremities, including the palms and soles. The clinical courses of the patients were good, and the rashes subsided within 14 days. A non-immediate reaction to β-lactams, which usually manifests as a maculopapular rash, is a possible cause in our patients, however, repeated courses of amoxicillin in 3 patients did not induce the rash. The underlying mechanism of the late-onset rash after GAS pharyngitis with amoxicillin treatment remains unclear.

Outbreaks of Group a Beta-hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Children: Correlation of Serotype T4 with Scarlet Fever

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouichi Ohga ◽  
Kenji Okada ◽  
Keiichi Mitsui ◽  
Tomonobu Aoki ◽  
Kohji Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Group A

Antibiotic Susceptibility Evaluation of Bacterial Agents Causing Infection in Children with Acute Tonsillopharyngitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Sherkatolabbasieh ◽  
Majid Firouzi ◽  
Shiva Shafizadeh ◽  
Iman Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Group A

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic pharyngitis by assessing the outcome of the culture and the resistance and sensitivity of group A beta hemolytic streptococcus to antibiotics. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 patients, aged 3-15 years, referred to the clinic with complaints of sore throat. Patients’ history was collected and physical examination was performed and were score based on clinical findings. Patients with other underlying pathologies and those taking antibiotics prior to the study were excluded from our study. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method against cephalexin, cefazolin, erythromycin and amoxicillin. Results: A total of 170 patients were reported with sore throat. Patients with positive culture results were 60% male and 40% female. Amoxicillin resistance was the greatest (5%) in the culture. All isolated bacteria were sensitive to amoxicillin, cephalexin, cefazolin and erythromycin. Patients with McIssac score ≥ 6 showed clinical sensitivity 75% specificity 61% negative predictive value 94.8% and positive predictive value 20.3% for Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. Conclusion: The results showed the higher the clinical score, the greater the chance of positive throat culture.

scholarly journals Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis and Penicillin G

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Stollerman
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals D8/17 and CD19 Expression on Lymphocytes of Patients with Acute Rheumatic Fever and Tourette's Disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Weisz ◽  
William M. McMahon ◽  
Jill C. Moore ◽  
Nancy H. Augustine ◽  
John F. Bohnsack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Tourette’S Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Tourette's Disorder ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normal Controls

ABSTRACT D8/17, an alloantigen found on B lymphocytes, has been reported to be elevated in patients susceptible to rheumatic fever and may be associated with autoimmune types of neuropsychiatric disorders. The pediatric-autoimmune-neuropsychiatric-disorders-associated-with-streptococci model is a putative model of pathogenesis for a group of children whose symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette's disorder (TD) are abrupt and may be triggered by an infection with group A streptococci. As a test of this model, we have examined D8/17 levels on the B cells of patients with TD and acute rheumatic fever (ARF) along with those on the B cells of normal controls by flow cytometry. We have utilized several different preparations of D8/17 antibody along with a variety of secondary antibodies but have been unable to show an association with an elevated percentage of D8/17-positive, CD19-positive B cells in either ARF or TD. We did find, however, that the percentages of CD19-positive B cells in ARF and TD patients were significantly elevated compared to those in normal controls. Group A streptococcal pharyngitis patients also had an elevated percentage of CD19 B cells, however. These studies failed to confirm the utility of determining the percentage of B cells expressing the D8/17 alloantigen in ARF patients or our sample of TD patients. In contrast, the percentage of CD19-positive B cells was significantly elevated in ARF and TD patients, as well as group A streptococcal pharyngitis patients, suggesting a role for inflammation and/or autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of these disorders.

scholarly journals Streptococcal pharyngitis in general practice. 1. Some unusual features of the epidemiology

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Group A ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Highly Correlated

SUMMARYThis report is based on a study of acute infections of the upper respiratory tract in 1965 and detailed records of such infections in 1963 and 1964. A change from illnesses mainly yielding viruses to illnesses mainly yielding group A streptococci was noted around the age of 5 years. A positive culture for group A streptococci in patients over 4 years of age was highly correlated with a complaint of sore throat and with serological evidence of streptococcal infection. A bimodal age distribution curve for pharyngitis associated with a positive culture for group A streptococci was consistently noted. The incidence was highest in children aged 5–9 but a second smaller peak occurred among adults in the 30–39 age group. The evidence suggests that being female increases the risk of acquiring group A streptococci and of experiencing sore throat.

New Colorimetric Test for Rapid Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Warning

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-459
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gerber ◽  
Richard R. Facklam ◽  
Martin F. Randolph ◽  
Kathleen K. DeMeo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Pharmacologic Agent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colorimetric Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Rapid Tests

During the last few years there has been a dramatic proliferation of rapid tests for the diagnosis of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.1 It is important for physicians to realize that the Food and Drug Administration does not approve these diagnostic tests as it would approve a pharmacologic agent, but simply permits a manufacturer to sell the test. Consequently, unacceptably inaccurate rapid tests for group A streptococci have been marketed in the past and could potentially appear again at anytime. In 1986, we studied a new enzyme fluorescence procedure (Strep-A-Fluor, Bio-Spec Inc, Dublin, CA) for the rapid diagnosis of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.2

URINARY EXCRETION OF COPROPORPHYRIN BY CHILDREN DURING AND AFTER ACUTE STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-730
Author(s):  
John T. Galambos
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The 24-hour urinary excretion of coproporphyrin was measured in three groups of children. Group I consisted of 88 children with acute scarlet fever, hospitalized in Providence, Rhode Island, during an epidemic in the spring of 1957. Single 24-hour specimens of urine were obtained during the first or second week of illness. Group II was composed of 54 children with sporadic streptococcal pharyngitis seen by private pediatricians in Atlanta, Georgia. Urinary excretions of coproporphyrin were measured during the acute illness and at weekly intervals thereafter. Group III included 21 children with nonstreptococcal pharyngitis. Acute streptococcal infection usually is not associated with a significantly increased rate of urinary excretion of coproporphyrin in children who do not develop subsequent acute rheumatic fever. A greater rate of urinary excretion of coproporphyrin by boys than by girls was significant at the 1% level of confidence.

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