scholarly journals Prevalence and types of eye diseases identified by routine screening of medical practitioners in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Abubakar Mijinyawa ◽  
Lawan Abdu ◽  
Musbahu Sani Kurawa ◽  
Zayyad Farouq
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Male To Female

Ocular screening can identify both nonblinding and potentially blinding conditions. Asymptomatic eye conditions could be detected early and be refer for further reevaluation if identified during screening. Programmed Data generated during CME in Kano were collated and analyzed. Visual acuity was done, and near vision was tested with N-chart. All the participants that needed the screening had slit lamp examination, fundoscopy, and refraction. A total number of 92 participants were examined. Age ranges from 20 to 70 years with mean age of 45±2SD, and male to female ratio of (M:F = 1:0.2). Emmetropia was seen in 34.8%, while presbyopia was seen in 23.9% of cases. Findings were corneal opacity, cataract, and allergic conjunctivitis. Vertical cup disc ratio of ≥0.5 was seen in 12.0% and 9.8% of cases in right and left eye respectively, while 1.1% of the eyes had macula hole. Refractive error for distance, presbyopia and some anterior and posterior segment findings were identified. Majority had normal vision in both eyes with visual acuity of 6/6 to 6/18.

scholarly journals Posterior segment eye diseases in Ijebu, Southwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tayo Julius Bogunjoko ◽  
Adekunle O. Hassan ◽  
Adunola Ogunro ◽  
Toyin Akanbi ◽  
Bidemi Abudu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Age Related

Background: To review cases of posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) seen at the Eye Foundation Centre Ijebu, Nigeria in a 5 year period for planning purposes.Methods: Data was collected from patients’ case notes from January 2006 to December 2011. A systematic sampling of 468 patients from 1173 case notes of patient with (PSEDs) was done. Information retrieved was: age, sex, state of residence and diagnosis. All patients were examined by the glaucoma and the vitroretinal specialist as the case may be. They had visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp examination (including intraocular pressure (IOP) with Goldman applanation tonometer), and dilated fundoscopy with (bilateral indirect ophthalmoscopy) BIO, slit lamp using 20 D, 78 D and 90 D respectively. The glaucoma patients in addition had central visual field (CVF), Central cornea thickness (CCT), fundus photograph and in some cases optical coherence tomography (OCT) done in addition to the above.Results: The mean age was 59.98 years (SD 17.67) and the age range is 5-95 years. Males outnumbered females by 63% to 37%. The diseases were more common in age group 61 to 80. Patients’ attendances were mostly from Ijebu division of Ogun state (57%). Glaucoma is the commonest cause of attendance 262 (56%) followed by diabetic retinopathy 29 (6.2%) and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) 28 (6.0%).Conclusions: Glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and ARMD were noted as the commonest PSEDs in Ijebu division in Southwestern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Assessment of visual acuity defects among rural adolescent students of tribal Bastar Chhattisgarh (India)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4335
Author(s):  
Alakh Ram Verma ◽  
Teeku Sinha ◽  
Gagandeep Singh Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Eye Screening ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Rural Adolescent

Background: Defective visual acuity is the most common problem among adolescents which, if remains uncorrected may cause refractive errors and may lead to blindness. Defective visual acuity can be tested early and corrected by spectacles. The objectives of the study were assessment of visual acuity defects among adolescent students.Methods: Present study design is cross sectional community based study. Conducted during July to September 2017 in Higher Secondary School, Pandripani. Predesigned KAP questionnaires were used to collect information and visual acuity was measured by using Snellen’s chart. Students with spectacles were tested for uncorrected and corrected visual acuity. Data was analyzed on MS Excel 2016.Results: Visual acuity defect prevalence rises with age and maximum is seen in age group 19-20 years (85%).Male to female ratio in students with defects was 52:48 Maximum defect is seen in class 12th students (34%).83% students never got their eyes checked out of which 25% had defective visual acuity. Positive attitude toward spectacles preventing normalization of eyes and spectacles leading to dependence and worsening of vision were elicited. Students whose parents have eye related problem have prevalence of 64%.83% of students advised to wear spectacles who don’t have, cost of spectacle is most common cause (80%) and is preceded by not much difference in vision after wearing (20%).Conclusions: The prevalence of visual acuity defect was high in rural adolescent. Eye screening of school going children is recommended and spectacles to be distributed free or at low cost to those students diagnosed with refractive errors.

scholarly journals Pattern of eye diseases among participants of free eye screening program in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Emem G. Abraham ◽  
Emmanuel O. Megbelayin
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related

Background: Vision screening can help discover some problems hitherto unknown to the patient but it is also a fact that many other disease conditions may also be missed during screening depending on the qualification and skill of those carrying out the test and the available instruments for screening. Eye diseases differ from country to country and even within the same country from community to community and knoweledge of the disease pattern in a given environment is critical for planning of appropraite intervention programs.Methods: Free eye health intervention program was carried out and patients were inially screened by optometrists and ophthalmic nurses for cataract, presbyopia and other minor ophthalmic problems. Patients that had other problems including complicated cataract were referred for further consultation with the ophthalmologists in the field..Results: Of the 547 who were further screened by the ophthalmologists in the field 243 (44.4%) were males and 304 (55.6%) were females with male to female ratio of 1: 1.25. The age range was 1-87 years. The mean(SD) age was 51.27years, median 53years, and mode was 60 years. Cataract and its related problem was the commonest condition139(25.4%), followed by glaucoma 78(14.3%). Age related macular degeneration(AMD) was the commonest posterior segment finding 27(4.9%)  while corneal opacity 11(2.0%) was the commonest anterior segment finding and 19(3.5%) were bilaterally blind.Conclusions: The eye health indices of the people as shown by the disease prevalence and the number of those bilaterally blind are still very poor.

Should Unilateral Congenital Corneal Opacities in Peters’ Anomaly be Grafted?

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysanthi Basdekidou ◽  
Pascal Dureau ◽  
Catherine Edelson ◽  
Patrice De Laage De Meux ◽  
Georges Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Peters Anomaly ◽  
Corneal Opacities

Purpose. To evaluate the surgical outcomes and visual results after penetrating keratoplasty for congenital unilateral corneal opacities in Peters anomaly. Methods. This was a retrospective study of 14 children who underwent keratoplasty for a unilateral Peters anomaly between 1999 and 2009. All patients received a topical treatment of cyclosporine and corticosteroids. Suture ablation was performed between the first and second postoperative month and all patients had spectacle correction and amblyopia treatment. Age at time of surgery, posterior segment status evaluated by ultrasonography, axial length, preoperative intraocular pressure, fellow eye status, mean follow-up time, early and late complications, final graft outcome, refraction, and visual acuity upon the last visit were noted. Results. Mean age at the time of surgery was 9 months. Posterior segment was normal in all cases. Mean axial length was 18 mm and mean intraocular pressure was 11 mmHg. Mean follow-up was 30 months. Four children had graft rejection episodes, 2 of which responded to medication. Four underwent cataract surgery, one developed pupil deformation requiring a pupilloplasty and 2 cases were complicated by surgical glaucoma. A total of 11 eyes (78.6%) had clear grafts at the end of the follow-up. Mean spherical equivalent was −1.5 D. Visual acuity was measurable in 3 cases and was 20/50 in one case, 20/63 in the second, and 20/2000 in the third. Concerning preverbal children, central, steady, and maintained fixation was found in 8 cases. Conclusions. Operating on a unilateral congenital corneal opacity is a challenging decision and should be taken after explaining the need for long-term follow-up to the parents. Useful vision can be achieved and maintained after strict amblyopia therapy. A multidisciplinary ophthalmologic follow-up is necessary.

scholarly journals Frequency of Thyrotoxicosis in Patient with One Sided Exophthalmos

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Tahreem Zafar ◽  
Shumaila Perveen ◽  
Nisar Khan ◽  
Salman Khan ◽  
Tahseen Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Orbital Rim

Background: Thyroid associated Opthalmo-pathy is a condition of lid retraction causing a staring appearance. This occurs in any form of thyrotoxicosis as a result of sympathetic overactivity.Exophthalmos is the forward protrusion of eye ball beyond the orbital rim. Material & Methods: This case series was observed in medical department Mufti Mehmood Teaching Hospital DIKhan, Pakistan over a period of eight months from February 2018 to September 2018. Detailed history with reference of duration of illness, mode of onset, progression and associated symptoms like fever, pain, diplopia and loss of vision was taken. Complete examination of orbit, eyelid, anterior and posterior segment was done. Routine Investigations along with special diagnostic tests like TFTs and MRI were performed to aid etiological diagnosis. Results: A total 47 patients were observed during this study period. Out of these 20 (21.27%) were male and 27 (57.44%) were female with male to female ratio 1:1.35 with mean age of 32 years. Out of 47 patients30 (63.82%) patients were having thyrotoxicosis as a cause of exophthalmos, 10(21.27%) were having retrobulbartumour, 5(10.63%) patients were with cavernous sinus thrombosis and 2(4.25%) patients were having idiopathic cause of exophthalmos. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis is the common cause of one sided exophthalmos and should be considered in all patients with one sided exophthalmos.

scholarly journals Profile of refractive error in Ekiti, south western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyiade A. Ajayi ◽  
Olusola J. Omotoye ◽  
Olubunmi Omotoso-Olagoke
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Refractive error is one of the eye disorders with the capability of causing visual impairment. We needed to know the various types and proportion of refractive errors seen in patients attending an eye clinic at the tertiary health centre.Aim: An observational study was carried out to determine the profile of refractive error in a southwestern Nigeria hospital.Methods: All new cases with the diagnosis of refractive error between January 2015 and December 2016 had autorefraction and subjective refraction to determine the types and values of refractive error. Data were analysed with SPSS 20. Statistical significance was inferred at p < 0.05.Results: Refractive error constituted 618 (21.4%) of the total new cases. The mean age was 39.3 ± 22.96 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.8. Children constituted 25.7% of all the cases. The most common refractive error was myopia in 64.3%. A total of 312 (50.5%) patients had other co-existing ocular disorders with allergic conjunctivitis on the top of the list. The number of visually impaired reduced to 70 (5.64%) after the correction of existing refractive error with about 94.1% having their visual acuity restored to normal.Conclusion: Refractive error was a common eye disorder among our patients with the proportion of children about a quarter of all patients. We recommend that childhood refractive errors should be given prioritised attention in eye outreach programmes.

Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome: Short report

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benchakroun S ◽  
◽  
Taouri N ◽  
Tagmouti A ◽  
Cherkaoui LO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Slit Lamp Examination ◽  
Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome ◽  
The Right

We report a case of a 42-year-old-woman, who presented to the ophthalmic consultation for decreased visual acuity complaints of blurred vision, altered pupillary shape since few months of her right eye. The clinical examination found a reduced visual acuity to counting fingers in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. intraocular pressures was 38 mm Hg OD and 14 mm Hg OS. Slit lamp examination of the right eye found: Corneal edema, iris atrophy with a deformation of the iris architecture and pupillary anomalies, with polycoria (Figure 1). The evaluation of the angle by gonioscopy found areas of broad synechiae anterior to Schwalbe’s line (Figure 2). While the examination of the left eye was normal (Figure 1B). The posterior segment examination was normal in both eyes. Specular microscopy confirmed the presence of unilateral endothelial pleomorphism and polymegathism. In our case of the retained diagnosis was iridocorneal endothelial syndrome

Study on Ocular Diseases in Ain Shams University New Medical Students and Its Value on Future Subspecialty

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
EsraaA Ramadan ◽  
Mohammad A Rashad ◽  
Abd el Rahman G Salman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Purpose Our aim is to study ocular diseases in symptomless and symptomatic newly admitted medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Patients and Methods This cross-sectional clinical study was conducted in Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University. The study included 304 new medical students of class 2015 and 2016 who were randomly selected upon admission to college on October 2015 and October 2016 and who agreed to participate in this study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic evaluation including detailed history and unaided visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment examination and assessment of binocular vision by titmus test. Results 301 students (99.0%) have normal gross stereopsis and (1.0%) have no gross stereopsis using Titmus fly test. Fine stereopsis among studied group ranged from 0-9 (800-40 sec of arc) which was the ability to define the circles in titmus test but with mean of 7.29 ± 2.33(i.e. mean stereopsis was 60 sec of arc). Anisometropia was found in 32/304 (10.5%) of total population and 32/169 (18.9%) of total number students with refractive errors, 10 students were males and 22 students were females. Myopia was the commonest refractive error (51.90%). Conclusion Normal vision is integral to an individual understanding of his visual world, and those with visual defects can experience difficulties in everyday life. From these visual impairment problems are refractive errors, and abnormal binocular vision which if left uncorrected can affect performance of medical students.

scholarly journals Disparities between IgG4-related kidney disease and extrarenal IgG4-related disease in a case–control study based on 450 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaozhu Zeng ◽  
Jingyuan Gao ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Aichun Liu ◽  
Zhenfan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Igg4 Related Disease ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Chinese Cohort ◽  
Male To Female

AbstractWe aimed to compare the demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics between IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD+) and extrarenal IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RKD−) in a large Chinese cohort, as well as describing the radiological and pathological features of IgG4-RKD+. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 470 IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) patients at Peking University People’s Hospital from January 2004 to January 2020. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological and pathological characteristics between IgG4-RKD+ and IgG4-RKD− were compared. Twenty IgG4-RD patients who had definite etiology of renal impairment including diabetes, hypertension and etc. were excluded. Among the remained 450 IgG4-RD patients, 53 were diagnosed with IgG4-RKD+ . IgG4-RKD+ patients had older age at onset and at diagnosis. Male to female ratio of IgG4-RKD+ patients is significantly higher. In the IgG4-RKD+ group, the most commonly involved organs were salivary gland, lymph nodes and pancreas. It was found that renal function was impaired in approximately 40% of IgG4-RKD+ patients. The most common imaging finding is multiple, often bilateral, hypodense lesions. Male sex, more than three organs involved, and low serum C3 level were risk factors for IgG4-RKD+ in IgG4-RD patients. These findings indicate potential differences in pathogenesis of these two phenotypes.

scholarly journals P129 The utility of routine operative swab culture in uncomplicated peri-anal abscesses

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apoorva Khajuria ◽  
Tuba Rahim ◽  
Mariam Baig ◽  
Kai Leong ◽  
Apoorva Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Perianal Abscess ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Operative Findings ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract Introduction Despite perianal abscess being a common presentation, certain aspects of its management remain controversial, especially the routine use of intra-operative swab cultures. Methods A retrospective review of patients that underwent incision and drainage procedures for a perianal abscess over a six-month period was undertaken. Results Over 6 months, 50 patients were identified. The male to female ratio was 3:1 and median ASA score was 1. Only 6/50 patients presented with recurrent abscess and 1 patient had history of inflammatory bowel disease. On the basis of operative findings, 39 patients (78%) had uncomplicated abscess (not associated with cellulitis, sinus or fistula); swab cultures were performed in 26 (67%) of these patients. All patients were discharged on the same day; microbiology reports did not impact the treatment and no patients were followed up in clinic post-operatively or presented with recurrence. The number of unnecessary microbiology swabs undertaken in this cohort equates to approximately 52 unnecessary swabs a year. The cost of one swab is £10.10p, which means £520 could potentially be saved annually. Conclusion Routine intra-operative swab cultures do not impact management decisions, add to unnecessary costs and therefore should not be undertaken in uncomplicated or first presentation of peri-anal abscesses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document