scholarly journals UV-C rays to simulate the exposition of photosynthetic organisms to solar radiation in space environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Sofo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Space Environments ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Bioregenerative Life Support

Ultraviolet (UV) is a component of the solar radiation with a wavelength in the range of 100 ≤ λ ≤ 390 nm that is almost entirely shielded by the terrestrial atmosphere but not in space. The effects of UV-C on plants mainly depend on a) the applied UV-C radiation dose and quality, b) the different plant species and varieties used, and c) the phenological phase of irradiated plants. UV-C radiation can be extremely dangerous also at low exposition times. On the other side, considering that terrestrial plants under sunlight are naturally exposed to low doses of UV-C, the question is how much UV-C could be beneficial for plants cultivated in space, in relation to a) protection of plants from pathogens, b) increase of the concentration of important dietary supplements, and c) regulation of some physiological processes. The research on UV-C should be more addressed to better evaluate the damages and benefits in UV-C-exposed photosynthetic organisms, involving plants useful for bioregenerative life support systems (BLSSs).

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Carbon- and Titanium-Ions Irradiation on Morpho-Anatomical and Biochemical Traits of Dolichos melanophthalmus DC. Seedlings Aimed to Space Exploration

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2272
Author(s):  
Veronica De Micco ◽  
Sara De Francesco ◽  
Chiara Amitrano ◽  
Carmen Arena
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
High Let ◽  
Space Environments ◽  
Bioregenerative Life Support

The realization of manned missions for space exploration requires the development of Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs) to make human colonies self-sufficient in terms of resources. Indeed, in these systems, plants contribute to resource regeneration and food production. However, the cultivation of plants in space is influenced by ionizing radiation which can have positive, null, or negative effects on plant growth depending on intrinsic and environmental/cultivation factors. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of high-LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation on seed germination and seedling development in eye bean. Dry seeds of Dolichos melanophthalmus DC. (eye bean) were irradiated with two doses (1 and 10 Gy) of C- and Ti-ions. Seedlings from irradiated seeds were compared with non-irradiated controls in terms of morpho-anatomical and biochemical traits. Results showed that the responses of eye bean plants to radiation are dose-specific and dependent on the type of ion. The information obtained from this study will be useful for evaluating the radio-resistance of eye bean seedlings, for their possible cultivation and utilization as food supplement in space environments.

scholarly journals Alteration of Feeding and Filtering Rates of Two Species of Marine Copepods Exposed to Different pH Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqun Wang ◽  
Boyuan Wang ◽  
Ze Xue ◽  
Liyan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Marine Copepod ◽  
Oithona Similis ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Culturing Conditions ◽  
Filtering Rates ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Optimal Ph ◽  
Schmackeria Poplesia ◽  
Marine Copepods

Impacts of different pH levels on different species of marine copepods, Calanoida copepod Schmackeria poplesia and Cyclopoida copepod Oithona similis were evaluated, and the alteration of key physiological processes of feeding and filtering were comparatively studies under controlled lab conditions. The optimal pH for O.similis and S.poplesia was 9.0 and 8.0 respectively, and they performed differently when exposed to different pH levels. For S. poplesia., the feeding and filtering rates increased steadily with the increment of pH at the range of 6.0~8.0, and reached the peak at pH 8.0. However, the rates decreased when pH was above 9.0. O.similis seemed more adaptive to the change of pH, and the increment was found in feeding and filtering rates at a range of 6.0~8.0. The maximus appeared at pH 9.0. compared to the other pH levels, the acidifying level of pH 6.0 presented the most obviously inhibition on feeding and filtering. Results in the present study would shed light on establishing the optimum culturing conditions for the cultivation of marine copepod.

scholarly journals Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and Rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.) Plants Cultivated under Photovoltaic Panels

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki KAVGA ◽  
Georgios TRYPANAGNOSTOPOULOS ◽  
George ZERVOUDAKIS ◽  
Yiannis TRIPANAGNOSTOPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Other Hand

Energy demand of greenhouses is an important factor for their economics and photovoltaics can be considered an alternative solution to cover their electrical and heating needs. On the other hand, plants cultivated under different solar radiation intensities usually appear different physiological adaptations. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of photovoltaic panels’ induced partial shading on growth and physiological characteristics of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.) plants. Our results indicate that lettuce productivity and the corresponding photosynthetic rate were not affected under the photovoltaic cultivation in comparison with the reference one. On the other hand, the rocket cultivation was less productive and showed lower photosynthetic rate under photovoltaic panels than in the reference greenhouse. The different physiological response between lettuce and rocket seems to be associated with the effect of environmental factors such as solar radiation intensity, temperature and humidity apart from the possible inherent characteristics of each plant species.

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