scholarly journals Fitness habits and barriers to exercise during residency training

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Milner ◽  
Steven F. DeFroda ◽  
Aristides I. Cruz Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Resident Physician ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Physician Participation ◽  
Barriers To Exercise ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Patient Health

While physicians advise patients on healthy lifestyle habits, physicians may struggle to abide by their own recommendations. We sought to characterize resident physician participation in exercise, their barriers to exercise, and the effect of exercise on their overall wellness. We hypothesized that residents who exercised would have less depression and greater wellbeing. Trainees at a university-based institution were surveyed. Data regarding exercise habits, hours worked, barriers to exercise, and mental health were acquired. Mental health was assessed via the Patient Health Questionnaire-2. Inter-group differences were analyzed using chi-squared testing; statistical significance was set at P<0.05. 129 trainees responded to the survey. 84 trainees reported exercising while 45 denied. 63 exercisers reported “living a healthy lifestyle” compared to 18 nonexercisers (P<0.001). Exercisers were more likely to report “Time” as their greatest barrier to exercise (P<0.001). Fifty-five exercisers answered “Not at all” when asked about how often they experience anhedonia compared to 23 non-exercisers. Trainees who exercise are more likely to report living a healthy lifestyle and less likely to experience anhedonia than non-exercisers, demonstrating the importance of exercise during residency.

Text Messaging as a Mental Health Treatment Intervention: A Corpus-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Partch ◽  
Cass Dykeman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Emotional Tone

Mental health treatment providers seek high-impact and low-cost means of engaging clients in care. As such, text messaging is becoming more frequently utilized as a means of communication between provider and client. Research demonstrates that text message interventions increase treatment session attendance, decrease symptomology, and improve overall functioning. However, research is lacking related to the linguistic make up of provider communications. Text messages were collected from previously published articles related to the treatment of mental health disorders. A corpus of 39 mental health treatment text message interventions was composed totaling 286 words. Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software, messages were analyzed for prevalence of terminology thought to enhance client engagement. Clout, demonstrating the writer’s confidence and expertise, and positive Emotional Tone were found to be at a high level within the corpus. Results demonstrated statistical significance for five linguistic variables. When compared with national blog norms derived from Twitter, Clout, Emotional Tone, and use of Biological terminology were found to be at higher rates than expected. Authenticity and Informal terminology were found at significantly lesser rates.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Prenatal Depression, Anxiety and Suicidal Behaviours in the Volta Region of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5857
Author(s):  
Nuworza Kugbey ◽  
Martin Ayanore ◽  
Phidelia Doegah ◽  
Masauso Chirwa ◽  
Susan A. Bartels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Volta Region

Pregnancy is associated with several physical and psychosocial challenges that influence women’s health and wellbeing. However, prenatal mental health has received little attention. Therefore, this study examined the prevalence and correlates of prenatal depression, anxiety and current suicidal behaviors among pregnant women in the Volta Region of Ghana. Two hundred and fourteen (n = 214) pregnant women recruited from two hospitals responded to the hospital depression and anxiety scale (HADS), the insomnia severity index, and a set of psycho-behavioral, socioenvironmental and demographic characteristic questions. Chi-squared, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis. Prevalence of prenatal depression, anxiety and current suicidal behaviors was 50.5%, 35.5% and 3.3%, respectively. After controlling for other variables, average monthly income, insomnia, non-nutritious food consumption (pica), and body image satisfaction were significantly associated with depression. Marital status, insomnia, lifetime suicidal behavior and partner support were significantly associated with anxiety. Current partner abuse was the only factor significantly associated with current suicidal behavior. The high prevalence rates of anxiety and depression among pregnant women and intimate partner violence remain important maternal health issues in the region. Therefore, brief mental health screening and counseling services should be integrated into prenatal healthcare services.

scholarly journals Parathyroid hormone Gene and Genes Involved in the Maintenance of Vitamin D Levels Association with Mandibular Retrognathism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Erika Calvano Küchler ◽  
Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis ◽  
Guido Marañón-Vásquez ◽  
Paulo Nelson-Filho ◽  
Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathism

In this study we evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding PTH, VDR, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 were associated with mandibular retrognathism (MR). Samples from biologically-unrelated Brazilian patients receiving orthodontic treatment were included in this study. Pre-orthodontic lateral cephalograms were used to determine the phenotype. Patients with a retrognathic mandible were selected as cases and those with an orthognathic mandible were selected as controls. Genomic DNA was used for genotyping analysis of SNPs in PTH (rs694, rs6256, and rs307247), VDR (rs7975232), CYP24A1 (rs464653), and CYP27B1 (rs927650). Chi-squared or Fisher’s tests were used to compare genotype and allele distribution among groups. Haplotype analysis was performed for the SNPs in PTH. The established alpha was p < 0.05. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to identify SNP–SNP interactions. A total of 48 (22 males and 26 females) MR and 43 (17 males and 26 females) controls were included. The linear mandibular and the angular measurements were statistically different between MR and controls (p < 0.05). In the genotype and allele distribution analysis, the SNPs rs694, rs307247, and rs464653 were associated with MR (p < 0.05). MDR analyses predicted the best interaction model for MR was rs694–rs927650, followed by rs307247–rs464653–rs927650. Some haplotypes in the PTH gene presented statistical significance. Our results suggest that SNPs in PTH, VDR, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 genes are associated with the presence of mandibular retrognathism.

A Prospective, Non-randomized Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy Study of a Telemedicine-Enabled Co-management Intervention for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate Anxiety and/or Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Michelle F. Magee ◽  
Stacey I. Kaltman ◽  
Mihriye Mete ◽  
Carine M. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Intervention Delivery ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Patient Health

Purpose The primary aim of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility of codelivering a mental health intervention with an evidence-based type 2 diabetes (T2DM) boot camp care management program. The preliminary impact of participation on symptom scores for depression and anxiety and A1C was also examined. Methods This was a 12-week, non-randomized pilot intervention conducted with a convenience sample of adults with uncontrolled T2DM and moderate depression and/or anxiety at an urban teaching hospital. Co-management intervention delivery was via in-person and telehealth visits. Participants were assessed at baseline and 90 days. Results Participants (n = 18) were African American, majority female (83%), and age 50.7 ± 13.4 years. Significant improvements in mental health outcomes were demonstrated, as measured by a reduction in Patient Health Questionnaire − 9 scores of 2.4 ± 2.9 ( P = .01) and in Generalized Anxiety Disorder − 7 scores of 2.3 ± 1.9 ( P = .001). The pre-post intervention mean A1C improved by 3.4 ± 2.1 units from 12% ± 1.4% to 8.5% ± 1.7% ( P < .001). Conclusion The data generated in this pilot support the feasibility of delivering a diabetes and mental health co-management intervention using a combination of in-person and telemedicine visits to engage adults with T2DM and coexisting moderate depression and/or anxiety. Further research is warranted.

Improving physician wellness through electronic health record education

2021 ◽  
pp. 009121742110346
Author(s):  
Elizabette Johnson ◽  
Elizabeth Roth
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Resident Physician ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Physician Wellness ◽  
Resident Wellness ◽  
Electronic Health

Objective Our goal is to improve the wellness of our Family Medicine residents now and in the future by educating them on more efficient use of our electronic health record (EHR). Resident physician burnout is a significant problem and is correlated with time spent using an EHR after work hours. Family physicians have the highest rate of burnout of all specialties, and the EHR is a significant contributor to this burnout. Studies have shown that increased EHR education can improve job satisfaction. Method Over 5 months, we provided weekly brief (15 minute) educational sessions covering 6 topics twice and a one-hour individualized meeting of each resident physician with an EHR trainer. We evaluated our intervention with wellness surveys and objective measures of EHR efficiency both pre and post intervention. We further evaluated efficiency by comparing pre and post-intervention values of the following: average keystrokes, mouseclicks, accelerator use, minutes per encounter and percent closed encounters at month’s end. Results Resident questionnaires showed lessons increased knowledge and intention to use EHR accelerators, but this was not statistically significant. Analysis of objective data showed most efficiency metrics worsened, though most not to a degree that was statistically significant. Residents reported subjective increases in efficiency, and paired data from wellness surveys showed an overall decrease in burnout post-intervention vs. baseline. Conclusions Much of the data in this pilot study does not reach statistical significance, but is highly suggestive that increased EHR training can improve at least perceived efficiency and thereby resident wellness.

scholarly journals POS1321 MENTAL HEALTH SCREENING IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 943.1-943
Author(s):  
S. Eulert ◽  
M. Niewerth ◽  
J. Hörstermann ◽  
C. Sengler ◽  
D. Windschall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Mental Health Screening ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Patient Health

Background:Mental disorders often begin in the vulnerable phase of adolescence and young adulthood. Young people with chronic diseases are particularly at risk. Early recognition of mental health problems is necessary in order to be able to support those affected in a timely and adequate manner. By implementing a web-based generic screening tool for mental health in routine care, patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and mental health conditions can be identified and provided with targeted treatment.Objectives:To investigate the prevalence of mental health conditions in young people with JIA in routine rheumatology care.Methods:Mental health screening is implemented as an add-on module to the National Paediatric Rheumatology Database (NPRD). The current data was gathered over a period of 24 months. Patients complete the screening tool which includes the Patient Health Questionnaire1 (PHQ-9, score 0-27) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale2 (GAD-7, score 0-21) via a web-based questionnaire. The cut-off for critical values in PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were defined as values ≥ 10. Simultaneously, other data, such as sociodemographic data, disease activity (cJADAS10, score 0-30), functional status (CHAQ, score 0-3) were collected as well.Results:The analysis included 245 patients (75% female) with a mean age of 15.7 years and a mean disease duration of 8.8 years. 38.8% of the patients had oligoarthritis (18.0% OA, persistent/20.8% OA, extended) and 23.3% RF negative polyarthritis. At the time of documentation 49 patients (30.6%) had an inactive disease (cJADAS10 ≤ 1) and 120 (49.4%) no functional limitations (CHAQ = 0). In total, 53 patients (21.6%) had screening values in either GAD-7 or PHD-9 ≥10. Patients with critical mental health screening values showed higher disease activity and more frequent functional limitations than inconspicuous patients (cJADAS10 (mean ± SD): 9.3 ± 6 vs. 4.9 ± 4.9; CHAQ: 0.66 ± 0.6 vs. 0.21 ± 0.42). When compared to males, females were significantly more likely to report either depression or anxiety symptoms (11.7% vs. 24.9%, p = 0.031).17.6% of all patients with valid items for these data reported to receive psychological support, meaning psychotherapeutic support (14.5%) and/or drug therapy (8.6%). Among those with a critical mental health screening score, 38.7% received psychological support (psychotherapeutic support (35.5%) and/or drug therapy (16.1%)).Conclusion:Every fifth young person with JIA reported mental health problems, however, not even every second of them stated to receive psychological support. The results show that screening for mental health problems during routine adolescent rheumatology care is necessary to provide appropriate and targeted support services to young people with a high burden of illness.References:[1]Löwe B, Unützer J, Callahan CM, Perkins AJ, Kroenke K. Monitoring depression treatment outcomes with the patient health questionnaire-9. Med Care. 2004 Dec;42(12):1194-201.[2]Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006 May 22; 166(10):1092-7.[3]The screening data were collected as part of COACH (Conditions in Adolescents: Implementation and Evaluation of Patient-centred Collaborative Healthcare), a project supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ: 01GL1740F).Disclosure of Interests:Sascha Eulert: None declared, Martina Niewerth: None declared, Jana Hörstermann: None declared, Claudia Sengler: None declared, Daniel Windschall: None declared, Tilmann Kallinich: None declared, Jürgen Grulich-Henn: None declared, Frank Weller-Heinemann Consultant of: Pfizer, Abbvie, Sobi, Roche, Novartis, Ivan Foeldvari Consultant of: Gilead, Novartis, Pfizer, Hexal, BMS, Sanofi, MEDAC, Sandra Hansmann: None declared, Harald Baumeister: None declared, Reinhard Holl: None declared, Doris Staab: None declared, Kirsten Minden: None declared

scholarly journals The Comparison of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Mental Health between Early Menopausal Women and Age-Matched General Middle-Aged Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7256
Author(s):  
Ji-Su Kim ◽  
Ju-Pil Choe ◽  
Jeong-Hui Park ◽  
Eunhye Yoo ◽  
Jung-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
General Group ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

The current study is to examine the differences in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and mental health (i.e., stress, depression, and suicidal behaviors) between early menopausal women and age-matched general middle-aged women. Among 1348 participants in South Korea, 674 participants who experienced menopause before the age of 45 were defined as the early menopausal group, and 674 women who experienced menopause from 45 years to 55 years were classified as the general group by matching age based on early menopausal women. PA, SB, and mental health were evaluated by using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). An independent t-test was used to compare the associations of PA, SB, and mental health between the two groups. To demonstrate the predictors of early menopause, variables in the study were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression. The main findings were that moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and light PA (LPA) had significant differences between the two groups, but SB had no significant differences. In mental health, only perceived stress had significant differences in this study. The moderate level of stress in the early menopausal group was twice as high as that of the general group, and the severe level of stress was even 2.6 times higher than the general group. PA plays an essential role in mitigating the causes of mortality and the risk of various chronic diseases and improving quality of life; thus, the main findings of this study could be important to provide insights on the corresponding impact between early menopausal women and PA to encourage their healthy lifestyle. Further longitudinal studies are needed to examine the mechanisms underlying the effects of PA, SB, and mental health on early menopausal women.

scholarly journals Digital cognitive–behavioural therapy for insomnia compared with digital patient education about insomnia in individuals referred to secondary mental health services in Norway: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e050661
Author(s):  
Håvard Kallestad ◽  
Simen Saksvik ◽  
Øystein Vedaa ◽  
Knut Langsrud ◽  
Gunnar Morken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionInsomnia is highly prevalent in outpatients receiving treatment for mental disorders. Cognitive–behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a recommended first-line intervention. However, access is limited and most patients with insomnia who are receiving mental healthcare services are treated using medication. This multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) examines additional benefits of a digital adaptation of CBT-I (dCBT-I), compared with an online control intervention of patient education about insomnia (PE), in individuals referred to secondary mental health clinics.Methods and analysisA parallel group, superiority RCT with a target sample of 800 participants recruited from treatment waiting lists at Norwegian psychiatric services. Individuals awaiting treatment will receive an invitation to the RCT, with potential participants undertaking online screening and consent procedures. Eligible outpatients will be randomised to dCBT-I or PE in a 1:1 ratio. Assessments will be performed at baseline, 9 weeks after completion of baseline assessments (post-intervention assessment), 33 weeks after baseline (6 months after the post-intervention assessment) and 61 weeks after baseline (12 months after the post-intervention assessment). The primary outcome is between-group difference in insomnia severity 9 weeks after baseline. Secondary outcomes include between-group differences in levels of psychopathology, and measures of health and functioning 9 weeks after baseline. Additionally, we will test between-group differences at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, and examine any negative effects of the intervention, any changes in mental health resource use, and/or in functioning and prescription of medications across the duration of the study. Other exploratory analyses are planned.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics in Norway (Ref: 125068). Findings from the RCT will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and advocacy and stakeholder groups. Exploratory analyses, including potential mediators and moderators, will be reported separately from main outcomes.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04621643); Pre-results.

scholarly journals Day-to-day variability in sleep parameters and depression risk: a prospective cohort study of training physicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Fang ◽  
Daniel B. Forger ◽  
Elena Frank ◽  
Srijan Sen ◽  
Cathy Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Self Report ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Mood Variability ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Sleep Parameters

AbstractWhile 24-h total sleep time (TST) is established as a critical driver of major depression, the relationships between sleep timing and regularity and mental health remain poorly characterized because most studies have relied on either self-report assessments or traditional objective sleep measurements restricted to cross-sectional time frames and small cohorts. To address this gap, we assessed sleep with a wearable device, daily mood with a smartphone application and depression through the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) over the demanding first year of physician training (internship). In 2115 interns, reduced TST (b = −0.11, p < 0.001), later bedtime (b = 0.068, p = 0.015), along with increased variability in TST (b = 0.4, p = 0.0012) and in wake time (b = 0.081, p = 0.005) were associated with more depressive symptoms. Overall, the aggregated impact of sleep variability parameters and of mean sleep parameters on PHQ-9 were similar in magnitude (both r2 = 0.01). Within individuals, increased TST (b = 0.06, p < 0.001), later wake time (b = 0.09, p < 0.001), earlier bedtime (b = − 0.07, p < 0.001), as well as lower day-to-day shifts in TST (b = −0.011, p < 0.001) and in wake time (b = −0.004, p < 0.001) were associated with improved next-day mood. Variability in sleep parameters substantially impacted mood and depression, similar in magnitude to the mean levels of sleep parameters. Interventions that target sleep consistency, along with sleep duration, hold promise to improve mental health.

scholarly journals Public Concerns during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Multicultural Cross-Sectional Study among Internet Survey Respondents in Three Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Alona Emodi-Perlman ◽  
Ilana Eli ◽  
Nir Uziel ◽  
Joanna Smardz ◽  
Anahat Khehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
Patient Health

(1) Background: this study aimed to evaluate the worries, anxiety, and depression in the public during the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in three culturally different groups of internet survey respondents: Middle Eastern (Israel), European (Poland), and North American (Canada). (2) Methods: a cross-sectional online survey was conducted in the mentioned countries during the lockdown periods. The survey included a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on personal concerns, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). A total of 2207 people successfully completed the survey. (3) Results: Polish respondents were the most concerned about being infected. Canadian respondents worried the most about their finances, relations with relatives and friends, and both physical and mental health. Polish respondents worried the least about their physical health, and Israeli respondents worried the least about their mental health and relations with relatives and friends. Canadian respondents obtained the highest score in the PHQ-4, while the scores of Israeli respondents were the lowest. (4) Conclusions: various factors should be considered while formulating appropriate solutions in emergency circumstances such as a pandemic. Understanding these factors will aid in the development of strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of stress, social isolation, and uncertainty on the well-being and mental health of culturally different societies.

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