scholarly journals Wireless microcurrent-generating antimicrobial wound dressing in primary total knee arthroplasty: a single-center experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Chow
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Score Function ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Total Knee

The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria and financial burden of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) further the need for treatments to address pathogenic contamination and expedite healing. This retrospective study was a chart review of a series of 92 patients who underwent 100 total knee arthroplasties performed by the same surgeon and treated with a novel microcurrent-generating antimicrobial dressing (MCD). Mean hospital length of stay was 2.3±0.9 days, while the mean length of treatment with MCD was 8.3±1.2 days. No major complications, PJI or major infectious complications were reported, with two readmissions (2%) within 30 days of surgery. Knee Society Score function showed statistically significant improvements post-operatively, with a mean six-month score of 75.0±20.3 and mean change from baseline of 36.3±21.1 (P<0.0001). These results support previous findings that use of the MCD may result in improved outcomes as an element in postoperative wound management.

scholarly journals 182. Missed Opportunities to Discontinue Unnecessary Vancomycin During Pharmacist Therapeutic Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S98-S98
Author(s):  
Corey J Medler ◽  
Mary Whitney ◽  
Juan Galvan-Cruz ◽  
Ron Kendall ◽  
Rachel Kenney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Missed Opportunities

Abstract Background Unnecessary and prolonged IV vancomycin exposure increases risk of adverse drug events, notably nephrotoxicity, which may result in prolonged hospital length of stay. The purpose of this study is to identify areas of improvement in antimicrobial stewardship for vancomycin appropriateness by clinical pharmacists at the time of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Methods Retrospective, observational cohort study at an academic medical center and a community hospital. Inclusion: patient over 18 years, received at least three days of IV vancomycin where the clinical pharmacy TDM service assessed for appropriate continuation for hospital admission between June 19, 2019 and June 30, 2019. Exclusion: vancomycin prophylaxis or administered by routes other than IV. Primary outcome was to determine the frequency and clinical components of inappropriate vancomycin continuation at the time of TDM. Inappropriate vancomycin continuation was defined as cultures positive for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant bacteria, and non-purulent skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) in the absence of vasopressors. Data was reported using descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency. Results 167 patients met inclusion criteria with 38.3% from the ICU. SSTIs were most common indication 39 (23.4%) cases, followed by pneumonia and blood with 34 (20.4%) cases each. At time of vancomycin TDM assessment, vancomycin continuation was appropriate 59.3% of the time. Mean of 4.22 ± 2.69 days of appropriate vancomycin use, 2.18 ± 2.47 days of inappropriate use, and total duration 5.42 ± 2.94. 16.4% patients developed an AKI. Majority of missed opportunities were attributed to non-purulent SSTI (28.2%) and missed MRSA nares swabs in 21% pneumonia cases (table 1). Conclusion Vancomycin is used extensively for empiric treatment of presumed infections. Appropriate de-escalation of vancomycin therapy is important to decrease the incidence of adverse effects, decreasing hospital length of stay, and reduce development of resistance. According to the mean duration of inappropriate therapy, there are opportunities for pharmacy and antibiotic stewardship involvement at the time of TDM to optimize patient care (table 1). Missed opportunities for vancomycin de-escalation Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Infections Acquired by Adults Who Receive Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Risk Factors and Outcome

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Aubron ◽  
Allen C. Cheng ◽  
David Pilcher ◽  
Tim Leong ◽  
Geoff Magrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation

Objectives.To analyze infectious complications that occur in patients who receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), associated risk factors, and consequences on patient outcome.Design.Retrospective observational survey from 2005 through 2011.Participants and Setting.Patients who required ECMO in an Australian referral center.Methods.Cases of bloodstream infection (BSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (YAP) that occurred in patients who received ECMO were analyzed.Results.A total of 146 ECMO procedures were performed for more than 48 hours in 139 patients, and 36 patients had a total of 46 infections (30.1 infectious episodes per 1,000 days of ECMO). They included 24 cases of BSI, 6 of them secondary to VAP; 23 cases of VAP; and 5 cases of CAUTI. The most frequent pathogens were Enterobacteriaceae (found in 16 of 46 cases), and Candida was the most common cause of BSI (in 9 of 24 cases). The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score before ECMO initiation and the number of days of support were independenuy associated with a risk of BSI, with odds ratios of 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.47; P = .019) and 1.08(95% CI, 1.03-1.19]; P = .006), respectively. Infected patients did not have a significantly higher mortality compared with uninfected patients (41.7% vs 32%; P = .315), but intensive care unit length of stay (16 days [interquartile range, 8-26 days] vs 11 days [IQR, 4-19 days]; P = .012) and hospital length of stay (33.5 days [interquartile range, 15.5-55.5] vs 24 days [interquartile range, 9-42 days]; P = .029) were longer.Conclusion.The probability of infection increased with the duration of support and the severity of illness before initiation of ECMO. Infections affected length of stay but did not have an impact on mortality.

scholarly journals The Impact of Selenium Supplementation on Trauma Patients—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Jen-Fu Huang ◽  
Chih-Po Hsu ◽  
Chun-Hsiang Ouyang ◽  
Chi-Tung Cheng ◽  
Chia-Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Standard Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to assess current evidence regarding the effect of selenium (Se) supplementation on the prognosis in patients sustaining trauma. MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched with the following terms: “trace element”, “selenium”, “copper”, “zinc”, “injury”, and “trauma”. Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that Se supplementation was associated with a lower mortality rate (OR 0.733, 95% CI: 0.586, 0.918, p = 0.007; heterogeneity, I2 = 0%). Regarding the incidence of infectious complications, there was no statistically significant benefit after analyzing the four studies (OR 0.942, 95% CI: 0.695, 1.277, p = 0.702; heterogeneity, I2 = 14.343%). The patients with Se supplementation had a reduced ICU length of stay (standard difference in means (SMD): −0.324, 95% CI: −0.382, −0.265, p < 0.001; heterogeneity, I2 = 0%) and lesser hospital length of stay (SMD: −0.243, 95% CI: −0.474, −0.012, p < 0.001; heterogeneity, I2 = 45.496%). Se supplementation after trauma confers positive effects in decreasing the mortality and length of ICU and hospital stay.

Nutritional Support

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rindi Uhlich ◽  
Parker Hu ◽  
Patrick L Bosarge
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Scoring ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Parenteral Protein

Nutritional optimization of the surgical patient remains a cornerstone of perioperative care. Significant effort and scrutiny are routinely directed to the field as it has the potential to improve outcomes, limit infectious complications, and decrease hospital length of stay and mortality. As such, previously identified cornerstones of care have been called into question. The timing, route, and intensity of nutritional supplementation remain the subject of controversy in an ever-evolving field. Previous methods of nutritional assessment, such as albumin and transthyretin, have proved unreliable, and their use is no longer recommended. In their place, new scoring systems are available to risk assess patients for malnutrition. We review the most pressing changes and assess the landscape of the field today. Key words: critical illness, enteral, glutamine, malnutrition, nutrition, outcomes, parenteral, protein

Nutritional Support

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rindi Uhlich ◽  
Parker Hu ◽  
Patrick L Bosarge
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Scoring ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Parenteral Protein

Nutritional optimization of the surgical patient remains a cornerstone of perioperative care. Significant effort and scrutiny are routinely directed to the field as it has the potential to improve outcomes, limit infectious complications, and decrease hospital length of stay and mortality. As such, previously identified cornerstones of care have been called into question. The timing, route, and intensity of nutritional supplementation remain the subject of controversy in an ever-evolving field. Previous methods of nutritional assessment, such as albumin and transthyretin, have proved unreliable, and their use is no longer recommended. In their place, new scoring systems are available to risk assess patients for malnutrition. We review the most pressing changes and assess the landscape of the field today. Key words: critical illness, enteral, glutamine, malnutrition, nutrition, outcomes, parenteral, protein

Prior hip or knee prosthetic joint infection in another joint increases risk three-fold of prosthetic joint infection after primary total knee arthroplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 101-B (7_Supple_C) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Chalmers ◽  
J. T. Weston ◽  
D. R. Osmon ◽  
A. D. Hanssen ◽  
D. J. Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Primary Tkas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Primary Total Knee

Aims There is little information regarding the risk of a patient developing prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) when the patient has previously experienced PJI of a TKA or total hip arthroplasty (THA) in another joint. The goal of this study was to compare the risk of PJI of primary TKA in this patient population against matched controls. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 95 patients (102 primary TKAs) treated between 2000 and 2014 with a history of PJI in another TKA or THA. A total of 50 patients (53%) were female. Mean age was 69 years (45 to 88) with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 36 kg/m2 (22 to 59). In total, 27% of patients were on chronic antibiotic suppression. Mean follow-up was six years (2 to 16). We 1:3 matched these (for age, sex, BMI, and surgical year) to 306 primary TKAs performed in 306 patients with a THA or TKA of another joint without a subsequent PJI. Competing risk with death was used for statistical analysis. Multivariate analysis was followed to evaluate risk factors for PJI in the study cohort. Results The cumulative incidence of PJI in the study cohort (6.1%) was significantly higher than the matched cohort (2.6%) at ten years (hazard ratio (HR) 3.3; 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 8.97; p = 0.02). Host grade in the study group was not a significant risk factor for PJI. Patients on chronic suppression had a higher rate of PJI (HR 15; p = 0.002), with six of the seven patients developing PJI in the study group being on chronic suppression. The new infecting microorganism was the same as the previous in only two of seven patients. Conclusion In this matched cohort study, patients undergoing a clean primary TKA with a history of TKA or THA PJI in another joint had a three-fold higher risk of PJI compared with matched controls with ten-year cumulative incidence of 6.1%. The risk of PJI was 15-fold higher in patients on chronic antibiotic suppression; further investigation into reasons for this and mitigation strategies are recommended. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(7 Supple C):91–97

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