scholarly journals Relationship between early and late stages of information processing: an event-related potential study

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Portella ◽  
Sergio Machado ◽  
Oscar Arias-Carrión ◽  
Alexander T. Sack ◽  
Julio Guilherme Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Secondary Processing ◽  
Late Event ◽  
Visual Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
The Brain

The brain is capable of elaborating and executing different stages of information processing. However, exactly how these stages are processed in the brain remains largely unknown. This study aimed to analyze the possible correlation between early and late stages of information processing by assessing the latency to, and amplitude of, early and late event-related potential (ERP) components, including P200, N200, premotor potential (PMP) and P300, in healthy participants in the context of a visual oddball paradigm. We found a moderate positive correlation among the latency of P200 (electrode O2), N200 (electrode O2), PMP (electrode C3), P300 (electrode PZ) and the reaction time (RT). In addition, moderate negative correlation between the amplitude of P200 and the latencies of N200 (electrode O2), PMP (electrode C3), P300 (electrode PZ) was found. Therefore, we propose that if the secondary processing of visual input (P200 latency) occurs faster, the following will also happen sooner: discrimination and classification process of this input (N200 latency), motor response processing (PMP latency), reorganization of attention and working memory update (P300 latency), and RT. N200, PMP, and P300 latencies are also anticipated when higher activation level of occipital areas involved in the secondary processing of visual input rise (P200 amplitude).

scholarly journals the Effect of Quetiapine on Auditory p300 Response in Patients with Schizoaffective Disorder: Preliminary Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Korostenskaja ◽  
K. Dapsys ◽  
A. Siurkute ◽  
A. Dudlauskaite ◽  
A. Pragaraviciene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Auditory P300 ◽  
Active Attention ◽  
Auditory Information Processing

Abnormalities in attention, memory and information processing are considered to be the primary deficits in schizophrenia. Event-related potential (ERP) P300 could reflect deficits in auditory information processing related to active attention in schizophrenia patients. Atypical antipsychotics tend to ameliorate cognitive deficits, however their effects on neural aspects of cognitive dysfunction have not been consistent.Aim:To investigate the effects of quetiapine on auditory information processing by using auditory P300.Methods:We examined 7 patients with schizoaffective disorder, depressive type and 7 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. ERPs were elicited during active auditory “oddball” paradigm. P300 was recorded before and after two weeks of treatment with quetiapine (468.7±143 mg/day).Results:Baseline P300 latencies were significantly delayed in patients compared with controls. Quetiapine did not change P300 amplitudes. However, it normalized P300 latency. These results suggest that already after two weeks of treatment, quetiapine could have a beneficial effect on the active attention reflected in P300 in patients with schizoaffective disorder. Previous studies with antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine and risperidone failed to show changes in P300 after this treatment interval.Conclusion:Quetiapine may be faster than other neuroleptics in ameliorating attentional dysfunction in patients with schizoaffective disorder. However, studies with a larger sample size must be conducted in order to confirm or reject the results of the current study.

P300 event-related potential and serotonin-1A activity in depression

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hansenne ◽  
M Ansseau
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Endocrine Response ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Serotonergic Activity ◽  
The Brain

SummaryThe identification of the brain structures and neurotransmitters responsible for the generation and/or modulation of P300 could lead to important clinical implications. Since serotonin disturbances seem to play a critical role in depression, the aim of the study was to assess the possible relationships between the P300 event-related brain potential and serotonergic activity in depression. The study was conducted among 45 major depressive inpatients, and serotonergic activity was assessed by prolactin (PRL) response to flesinoxan (a 5-HT1A agonist). Results showed a significant negative correlation between P300 amplitude and PRL response to flesinoxan (r = –0.40, P = 0.007 at Cz; r = –0.47, P = 0.001 at Pz). In contrast, both P300 latency and reaction time were not related to endocrine response. This study supports a role for serotonin-1A in the neurobiological modulation of P300 amplitude.

Cognitive Psychophysiological Substrates of Affective Temperaments

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burç Çağrı Poyraz ◽  
Ayşe Sakallı Kani ◽  
Cana Aksoy Poyraz ◽  
Tuba Öcek Baş ◽  
Mehmet Kemal Arıkan
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Related Potentials

Affective temperaments are the subclinical manifestations or phenotypes of mood states and hypothetically represent one healthy end of the mood disorder spectrum. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the neurobiological basis of affective temperaments. One fundamental aspect of temperament is the behavioral reactivity to environmental stimuli, which can be effectively evaluated by use of cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting the diversity of information processing. The aim of the present study is to explore the associations between P300 and the affective temperamental traits in healthy individuals. We recorded the P300 ERP waves using an auditory oddball paradigm in 50 medical student volunteers (23 females, 27 males). Participants’ affective temperaments were evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego–auto questionnaire version (TEMPS-A). In bivariate analyses, depressive temperament score was significantly correlated with P300 latency ( rs = 0.37, P < .01). In a multiple linear regression analysis, P300 latency showed a significant positive correlation with scores of depressive temperament (β = 0.40, P < .01) and a significant negative one with scores of cyclothymic temperament (β = −0.29, P = .03). Affective temperament scores were not associated with P300 amplitude and reaction times. These results indicate that affective temperaments are related to information processing in the brain. Depressive temperament may be characterized by decreased physiological arousal and slower information processing, while the opposite was observed for cyclothymic temperament.

Chaos in induced rhythms of the brain – the value of ERP studies

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Correlation Dimension ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Point Correlation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Objective Investigation

AbstractEvent-related potentials (ERPs) – neglected almost entirely by Wright & Liley – allow objective investigation of information processing in the brain. The application of chaos theory to such an analysis broadens this possibility. Through the use of the point correlation dimension (PD2) accurate dimensional analysis of different Event-Related Potential components such as the P3 wave is possible.

scholarly journals Morality is in the eye of the beholder: The neurocognitive basis of the “anomalous-is-bad” stereotype.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Ian Workman ◽  
Stacey Humphries ◽  
Franziska Hartung ◽  
Geoffrey Aguirre ◽  
Joe Kable ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Facial Anomalies ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Amygdala Response ◽  
Visual Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Visual Oddball

Are people with flawed faces regarded as having flawed moral characters? An “anomalous-is-bad” stereotype is hypothesized to facilitate negative biases against people with facial anomalies (e.g., scars), but whether and how these biases affect behavior and brain functioning remain open questions. We examined responses to anomalous faces in brain (using a visual oddball paradigm), behavior (in economic games), and attitudes. At the level of the brain, the amygdala demonstrated a specific neural response to anomalous faces—sensitive to disgust and a lack of beauty but independent of responses to salience or arousal. At the level of behavior, people with anomalous faces were subjected to less prosociality from participants highest in socioeconomic status. At the level of attitudes, we replicated previously reported negative character evaluations made about individuals with facial anomalies, and further identified explicit biases directed against them as a group. Across these levels of organization, the specific amygdala response to facial anomalies correlated with stronger just world beliefs (i.e., people get what they deserve), less dispositional empathic concern, and less prosociality towards people with facial anomalies. Characterizing the “anomalous-is-bad” stereotype at multiple levels of organization can reveal underappreciated psychological burdens shouldered by people who look different.

scholarly journals Ambiverts Potentially Have Better Orienting Response than Extraverts in Visual Oddball Paradigm of Event Related Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.22) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Nasir Yusoff ◽  
Yan Shan Tai ◽  
Saidah Napisah Muhammad ◽  
Faruque Reza
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
P300 Component ◽  
Neural Substrate ◽  
Visual Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Visual Oddball

Background: Differences in personality may indicate dissimilarity in the process of cognition.  Objectives: To investigate and compare the neural substrate of P300 component evoked between ambiverts and extraverts in visual oddball paradigm of Event Related Potential study.  Methods: Forty undergraduate medical students from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) were recruited and screened for personality by using USM Personality Inventory (USMaP-i).  In the Event Related Potential (ERP) session, participants (N=19 ambiverts and 20 extraverts) completed a visual oddball paradigm in counterbalanced order.  Results: Mann Whitney Test showed that, compared to ambiverts, the extraverts showed diminished P300 amplitude at the Fz electrode, but not at other electrodes. Conclusion: Ambiverts might have better orienting response than extraverts.  

Attentional Interactions Between Vision and Hearing in Event-Related Responses to Crossmodal and Conjunct Oddballs

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-275
Author(s):  
Evelyn B. N. Friedel ◽  
Michael Bach ◽  
Sven P. Heinrich
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Visual Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Task Modality ◽  
Visual Oddball ◽  
Stimulus Modalities ◽  
And Task

Abstract Are alternation and co-occurrence of stimuli of different sensory modalities conspicuous? In a novel audio-visual oddball paradigm, the P300 was used as an index of the allocation of attention to investigate stimulus- and task-related interactions between modalities. Specifically, we assessed effects of modality alternation and the salience of conjunct oddball stimuli that were defined by the co-occurrence of both modalities. We presented (a) crossmodal audio-visual oddball sequences, where both oddballs and standards were unimodal, but of a different modality (i.e., visual oddball with auditory standard, or vice versa), and (b) oddball sequences where standards were randomly of either modality while the oddballs were a combination of both modalities (conjunct stimuli). Subjects were instructed to attend to one of the modalities (whether part of a conjunct stimulus or not). In addition, we also tested specific attention to the conjunct stimuli. P300-like responses occurred even when the oddball was of the unattended modality. The pattern of event-related potential (ERP) responses obtained with the two crossmodal oddball sequences switched symmetrically between stimulus modalities when the task modality was switched. Conjunct oddballs elicited no oddball response if only one modality was attended. However, when conjunctness was specifically attended, an oddball response was obtained. Crossmodal oddballs capture sufficient attention even when not attended. Conjunct oddballs, however, are not sufficiently salient to attract attention when the task is unimodal. Even when specifically attended, the processing of conjunctness appears to involve additional steps that delay the oddball response.

scholarly journals Cognitive Screening in HTLV-1 Infected People Using a Self-Perceived Memory Score and Auditory P300

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rejane Rosa de Castro ◽  
Ludimila Labanca ◽  
Luciana Macedo de Resende ◽  
Marjore Rhaissa de Sousa ◽  
Rafael Teixeira Scoralick Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Memory Score ◽  
Human T Cell

Abstract Background: The HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is the most common neurological manifestation associated with Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection. Although cognitive impairment has been highlighted in the spectrum of HTLV-1 neurological manifestations, it may go unnoticed in those who do not spontaneously report it. We aimed at evaluating the applicability of a self-perceived memory score (SMS) and the cognitive event-related potential (P300) for the early detection of cognitive impairment in HTLV-1-infected people. Methods: The SMS was measured by a 0-10 visual analog scale combined with a sad-happy faces rating scale. The higher the number, the better was the SMS. The P300 was obtained through an oddball paradigm with a mental counting task. The participants were 15(21,4%) individuals with HAM/TSP, 20(28,6%) HTLV-1-asymptomatic carriers, and 35(50%) seronegative controls. Results: SMS (p<0.001) and P300 latency (p<0.001) got progressively worse from asymptomatic to HAM/TSP. A SMS <7.2 points and a P300 latency >369.0 milliseconds were considered as altered result and indicated cognitive impairment. The HAM/TSP group showed the highest prevalence of altered P300 (80%) and SMS (87%). Interestingly, the asymptomatic group also presented significant higher prevalence of altered SMS (60%) and P300 (35%) when compared to controls (<10%). The frequency of cognitive impairment was 16 times higher in the asymptomatic group and 69 times higher in the HAM/TSP group when compared to controls. Conclusion: The use of SMS in the medical consultation was a useful and easy-to-apply method to screen HTLV-1 infected subjects for everyday memory complaints.

scholarly journals Neuro-Culture Interaction in Specific Brain Region of Immigrants: The Effect of Historical and Current Exposure from the Majority Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nasir Yusoff ◽  
Faruque Reza
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Temporal Area ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Majority Culture ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Heritage Visualization ◽  
The Brain

Ethnic majority culture (i.e. Malay) has given much influence on the biological and psychosocial aspect of immigrants in Malaysia.  This study aims to examine the neuro-culture interaction among immigrants (historical and current immigrant) with regards to their emotional response towards Malay cultural heritage visualization.  The Event Related Potential technique was used to explore the neural activity of the mental and emotional processes in response to specific culture-related stimuli.  A modified oddball paradigm was applied in the presentation of the visual stimulus that was set-up in the e-prime program.  Significant neuro-culture interaction was observed in the temporal area (T6) of the brain which was consistent in P300 and N200 amplitude.  Current immigrants indicated significant lower P300 and N200 amplitudes, as compared to majority ethnicity (i.e. Malay).  Long- and short-term exposure to cultural environment has an important consequence in the psycho-biological system.

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